順應(yīng)論視角下學(xué)術(shù)建議互動(dòng)中的身份建構(gòu)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-29 04:45
【摘要】：言語交際中的身份建構(gòu)一直受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注。盡管已有很多研究對(duì)此從不同視角進(jìn)行了深入探討,但現(xiàn)有機(jī)構(gòu)性互動(dòng)中的身份建構(gòu)研究往往將參與者的身份視為是默認(rèn)不變的,忽略了交際者在動(dòng)態(tài)交際過程中會(huì)建構(gòu)不同身份(包括變異性身份)并在身份之間進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。同時(shí),現(xiàn)有機(jī)構(gòu)性互動(dòng)中的身份建構(gòu)研究大多聚焦于某一類話語體裁,而較少關(guān)注某一類話語體裁下的某一類言語行為,如建議。鑒于此,本研究擬以中國(guó)語境下博士論文開題報(bào)告會(huì)上的專家委員會(huì)成員在其建議話語序列中的身份建構(gòu)為主要研究對(duì)象,考察其實(shí)施建議時(shí)為滿足特定交際需要而建構(gòu)的身份的類型、語言選擇以及身份建構(gòu)的動(dòng)態(tài)性和制約身份建構(gòu)的語境因素,以了解學(xué)術(shù)口語互動(dòng)中交際者身份建構(gòu)的基本特征及動(dòng)因。基于語言順應(yīng)論(Verschueren,1999),本研究構(gòu)建了一個(gè)分析框架,包括四個(gè)具體分析維度：身份建構(gòu)是滿足交際需要的一種方式；身份建構(gòu)是一個(gè)不斷做出選擇的過程；身份建構(gòu)是一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的過程；身份建構(gòu)順應(yīng)交際中的各種語境因素�；趶闹袊�(guó)語境下5個(gè)博士論文開題報(bào)告會(huì)上收集到的395例建議話語,本研究從這四個(gè)維度詳細(xì)考察了專家建議者(即參加博士論文開題報(bào)告會(huì)的專家委員會(huì)成員)在其建議話語序列中的身份建構(gòu)。分析表明：第一,專家建議者在其建議話語序列中傾向于建構(gòu)兩大類身份：默認(rèn)的專家身份和變異性(或偏離性)身份。其中,建議者默認(rèn)的專家身份在動(dòng)態(tài)交際中會(huì)不斷被修飾,以突顯專家某一方面的特質(zhì),主要包括：知識(shí)淵博專家身份、權(quán)威專家身份、謙遜專家身份以及親和專家身份。專家建議者建構(gòu)的偏離性身份主要包括教師身份、研究者身份、虛擬建議接受者身份、外行身份等。這些身份的建構(gòu)有一定的獨(dú)特性,涉及到不同層面上的語言選擇,可歸納為語言形式、語義內(nèi)容和話語方式三個(gè)變量。這三個(gè)變量相互聯(lián)系,但在不同身份建構(gòu)中的突顯程度有所差異。另外,這些身份主要分布在建議前序列和建議實(shí)施序列中,這與其在建議序列中的功能直接相關(guān)。第二,專家建議者身份建構(gòu)的動(dòng)態(tài)性主要體現(xiàn)為：對(duì)默認(rèn)專家身份的修飾和身份之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。前者主要指,在一個(gè)建議話語序列中,默認(rèn)的專家身份會(huì)被不斷地加以修飾。后者主要指,在一個(gè)建議話語序列中,不同身份之間會(huì)發(fā)生動(dòng)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。身份轉(zhuǎn)換包括三種具體情形：(1)身份之間的轉(zhuǎn)換有非常明晰的順序,其發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)換的建議話語序列一般都包含建議前序列和(或)建議后序列。(2)在僅由建議實(shí)施序列構(gòu)成的建議話語序列中,專家建議者交替建構(gòu)專家身份和虛擬建議接受者身份,還交替建構(gòu)專家身份和同行研究者身份。(3)在僅由建議實(shí)施序列構(gòu)成的建議話語序列中,專家建議者可能會(huì)建構(gòu)兩種身份,但其中一種身份的建構(gòu)嵌置于另一種身份的建構(gòu)之中。第三,專家建議者身份建構(gòu)的多樣性和動(dòng)態(tài)性是為了滿足學(xué)術(shù)建議互動(dòng)語境中的交際需要,包括有效實(shí)施建議的首要交際需要(或交際目標(biāo))和構(gòu)建和諧人際關(guān)系的次要交際需要。要實(shí)現(xiàn)這樣的目標(biāo),就需要順應(yīng)當(dāng)前交際中的多種語境因素,具體包括社交世界中機(jī)構(gòu)性實(shí)踐社區(qū)、謙遜準(zhǔn)則、權(quán)勢(shì)關(guān)系以及社會(huì)距離,心智世界中的情感和面子因素,以及物理世界中的參與者因素。專家建議者建構(gòu)各種身份是順應(yīng)各種語境因素的結(jié)果。而且,同一種身份的建構(gòu)可以是對(duì)多個(gè)語境因素順應(yīng)的結(jié)果,但其中一種語境因素往往會(huì)在當(dāng)前交際需要之下更加突顯。通過對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)建議話語中專家身份建構(gòu)的細(xì)致考察,本研究具有以下啟示：理論層面上,本研究可以加強(qiáng)人們對(duì)偏離性身份的本質(zhì)特征、身份修飾及身份轉(zhuǎn)換特征及動(dòng)因的理解,也有助于加深人們對(duì)身份建構(gòu)和言語行為之間互動(dòng)關(guān)系的理解。此外,本研究表明,將一些相關(guān)原則和理論納入到語言順應(yīng)論的框架下來作為其具體的分析模塊(如實(shí)踐社區(qū)理論、面子理論以及有關(guān)身份的一些理論或原則等)可以增強(qiáng)該理論的可操作性。實(shí)踐層面上,本研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于學(xué)術(shù)互動(dòng)中交際者策略性地建構(gòu)各種身份以有效實(shí)施建議,創(chuàng)建和保持和諧的學(xué)術(shù)交際環(huán)境。專家的建議方式對(duì)寫作話語中的建議實(shí)施也具有重要啟示。另外,專家建議者所建構(gòu)的各種身份及其建構(gòu)策略有益于參與該學(xué)術(shù)互動(dòng)的學(xué)生以后在類似的實(shí)踐社區(qū)活動(dòng)中建構(gòu)適切的身份。方法論層面上,本研究將描述學(xué)術(shù)建議互動(dòng)中身份建構(gòu)的話語分析方法具體化為三個(gè)維度,即語言形式、話語內(nèi)容、話語方式。這三個(gè)維度為通過話語分析方法考察身份建構(gòu)提供了具體的操作模塊。此外,本研究中甄別和提取建議行為的方法(如微觀和宏觀視角)可以為機(jī)構(gòu)性互動(dòng)中的建議行為研究以及語際語用學(xué)和跨文化語用學(xué)中的建議行為研究提供方法論上的借鑒。
[Abstract]:The identity construction in speech communication has been widely concerned by people. Although many studies have been deeply discussed from different perspectives, the research of identity construction in the existing institutional interaction tends to regard the identity of the participants as the default, in that course of the dynamic communication, the communicative person will construct a different identity (including the identity of the variability) and perform the conversion between the identities. At the same time, the research of identity construction in the existing institutional interaction is focused on a class of discourse, and less attention to a kind of speech act in a class of discourse, such as the suggestion. In view of this, this study is to construct as the main research object the identity of the members of the committee of experts on the presentation report of the doctoral thesis in the context of the Chinese context, and to examine the type of identity constructed in order to meet the needs of the specific communication in the implementation of the proposal. The dynamic of language selection and identity construction and the contextual factors that restrict the construction of the identity are the basic characteristics and the causes of the identity construction of the communicants in the academic oral interaction. Based on Verschueren (1999), this research constructs an analysis framework, which includes four specific analysis dimensions: identity construction is a way to meet the needs of communication; identity construction is a process of continuous choice; identity construction is a dynamic process; The identity construction conforms to the various contextual factors in the communication. Based on the 395 proposed utterances collected from the report of the five doctoral thesis in the context of the Chinese context, this study looked at the expert advice from the four dimensions (i.e., the members of the expert committee who participated in the report on the subject of the doctoral thesis) in his proposed speech sequence. The analysis shows that first, the expert suggested that in the sequence of his proposed words, the expert suggested two types of identity: the default expert's identity and the identity of the variability (or deviation). Among them, the author's default expert status is constantly modified in the dynamic communication to highlight the characteristics of an expert's aspect, mainly including the identity of the knowledgeable expert, the identity of the authority expert, the identity of the humble expert, and the identity of the pro-and expert. The independent status of the expert's construction includes the identity of the teacher, the identity of the researcher, the identity of the recipient of the virtual suggestion, the identity of the foreign line, etc. The construction of these identities is unique, involving language selection at different levels, and can be summarized as three variables of language form, semantic content and discourse mode. These three variables are linked to each other, but the degree of prominence in different identity constructs is different. In addition, these identities are mainly distributed in the pre-recommended sequence and the suggested implementation sequence, which is directly related to the function in the suggested sequence. Second, the dynamic nature of the expert's identity construction is as follows: the conversion between the modification and the identity of the default expert's identity. The former mainly refers to the fact that in a suggested discourse sequence, the default expert status is constantly modified. The latter mainly refers to a dynamic transition between different identities in a proposed sequence of words. Identity conversion includes three specific situations: (1) the transition between the identities has a very clear sequence, and the proposed sequence of words for which the conversion takes place generally contains the pre-suggested sequence and/ or the post-suggested sequence. (2) In the suggested discourse sequence composed of only the suggested sequences, the expert suggested that the identity of the expert and the recipient of the virtual suggestion were alternately constructed, and the identity of the expert and the peer-of-the-peer researchers were also alternately constructed. (3) In the suggested discourse sequence composed of only the suggested sequences, the expert suggested that the two types of identity may be constructed, but one of them is embedded in the construction of another identity. Third, the diversity and dynamics of the expert expert's identity construction are to meet the communicative needs in the interactive context of the academic proposal, including the primary communication needs (or the communication goal) of the effective implementation of the suggestions and the secondary communication need to construct the harmonious interpersonal relationship. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to conform to the various contextual factors in the current communication, including the institutional practice community in the social world, the humility criterion, the power relationship and the social distance, the emotional and face factors in the mental world, and the participant factors in the physical world. The experts suggest that the construction of various identities is the result of various contextual factors. Moreover, the construction of the same identity can be the result of the adaptation to a plurality of contextual factors, but one of the contextual factors is often more highlighted in the current communication needs. Through the careful study of the construction of the expert's identity in the discourse of the academic proposal, this study has the following enlightenment: on the theoretical level, this study can strengthen the understanding of the essential characteristics, the identity modification and the identity conversion characteristics and the motivation of the deviation identity. It also helps to deepen the understanding of the interaction between the identity construction and the speech act. In addition, this study shows that some relevant principles and theories are incorporated into the framework of language adaptation theory as its specific analysis module (such as practice community theory, face theory and some theories or principles of identity) to enhance the operability of the theory. At the practical level, the findings of this study can help the communicant in the academic interaction to strategically construct various identities to effectively implement the suggestions, create and maintain a harmonious academic communication environment. The advice of the expert also has important enlightenment to the implementation of the suggestion in the writing discourse. In addition, the various identities constructed by the experts and their construction strategies are beneficial to the students participating in the academic interaction to construct a proper identity in similar practice community activities. At the methodological level, this study will describe the analytic method of the identity construction in the interaction of the academic proposal, which is the three dimensions, namely the language form, the content of the discourse and the way of discourse. The three dimensions provide a specific operational module for the identity construction through the analytic method. In addition, the method of identifying and extracting the suggested behavior in this study, such as the micro and macro-visual angle, can provide a methodological reference for the study of the suggested behavior in the mechanism interaction and the study of the suggested behavior in the inter-lingual and cross-cultural pragmatics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H030
，
本文編號(hào)：2417658
[Abstract]:The identity construction in speech communication has been widely concerned by people. Although many studies have been deeply discussed from different perspectives, the research of identity construction in the existing institutional interaction tends to regard the identity of the participants as the default, in that course of the dynamic communication, the communicative person will construct a different identity (including the identity of the variability) and perform the conversion between the identities. At the same time, the research of identity construction in the existing institutional interaction is focused on a class of discourse, and less attention to a kind of speech act in a class of discourse, such as the suggestion. In view of this, this study is to construct as the main research object the identity of the members of the committee of experts on the presentation report of the doctoral thesis in the context of the Chinese context, and to examine the type of identity constructed in order to meet the needs of the specific communication in the implementation of the proposal. The dynamic of language selection and identity construction and the contextual factors that restrict the construction of the identity are the basic characteristics and the causes of the identity construction of the communicants in the academic oral interaction. Based on Verschueren (1999), this research constructs an analysis framework, which includes four specific analysis dimensions: identity construction is a way to meet the needs of communication; identity construction is a process of continuous choice; identity construction is a dynamic process; The identity construction conforms to the various contextual factors in the communication. Based on the 395 proposed utterances collected from the report of the five doctoral thesis in the context of the Chinese context, this study looked at the expert advice from the four dimensions (i.e., the members of the expert committee who participated in the report on the subject of the doctoral thesis) in his proposed speech sequence. The analysis shows that first, the expert suggested that in the sequence of his proposed words, the expert suggested two types of identity: the default expert's identity and the identity of the variability (or deviation). Among them, the author's default expert status is constantly modified in the dynamic communication to highlight the characteristics of an expert's aspect, mainly including the identity of the knowledgeable expert, the identity of the authority expert, the identity of the humble expert, and the identity of the pro-and expert. The independent status of the expert's construction includes the identity of the teacher, the identity of the researcher, the identity of the recipient of the virtual suggestion, the identity of the foreign line, etc. The construction of these identities is unique, involving language selection at different levels, and can be summarized as three variables of language form, semantic content and discourse mode. These three variables are linked to each other, but the degree of prominence in different identity constructs is different. In addition, these identities are mainly distributed in the pre-recommended sequence and the suggested implementation sequence, which is directly related to the function in the suggested sequence. Second, the dynamic nature of the expert's identity construction is as follows: the conversion between the modification and the identity of the default expert's identity. The former mainly refers to the fact that in a suggested discourse sequence, the default expert status is constantly modified. The latter mainly refers to a dynamic transition between different identities in a proposed sequence of words. Identity conversion includes three specific situations: (1) the transition between the identities has a very clear sequence, and the proposed sequence of words for which the conversion takes place generally contains the pre-suggested sequence and/ or the post-suggested sequence. (2) In the suggested discourse sequence composed of only the suggested sequences, the expert suggested that the identity of the expert and the recipient of the virtual suggestion were alternately constructed, and the identity of the expert and the peer-of-the-peer researchers were also alternately constructed. (3) In the suggested discourse sequence composed of only the suggested sequences, the expert suggested that the two types of identity may be constructed, but one of them is embedded in the construction of another identity. Third, the diversity and dynamics of the expert expert's identity construction are to meet the communicative needs in the interactive context of the academic proposal, including the primary communication needs (or the communication goal) of the effective implementation of the suggestions and the secondary communication need to construct the harmonious interpersonal relationship. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to conform to the various contextual factors in the current communication, including the institutional practice community in the social world, the humility criterion, the power relationship and the social distance, the emotional and face factors in the mental world, and the participant factors in the physical world. The experts suggest that the construction of various identities is the result of various contextual factors. Moreover, the construction of the same identity can be the result of the adaptation to a plurality of contextual factors, but one of the contextual factors is often more highlighted in the current communication needs. Through the careful study of the construction of the expert's identity in the discourse of the academic proposal, this study has the following enlightenment: on the theoretical level, this study can strengthen the understanding of the essential characteristics, the identity modification and the identity conversion characteristics and the motivation of the deviation identity. It also helps to deepen the understanding of the interaction between the identity construction and the speech act. In addition, this study shows that some relevant principles and theories are incorporated into the framework of language adaptation theory as its specific analysis module (such as practice community theory, face theory and some theories or principles of identity) to enhance the operability of the theory. At the practical level, the findings of this study can help the communicant in the academic interaction to strategically construct various identities to effectively implement the suggestions, create and maintain a harmonious academic communication environment. The advice of the expert also has important enlightenment to the implementation of the suggestion in the writing discourse. In addition, the various identities constructed by the experts and their construction strategies are beneficial to the students participating in the academic interaction to construct a proper identity in similar practice community activities. At the methodological level, this study will describe the analytic method of the identity construction in the interaction of the academic proposal, which is the three dimensions, namely the language form, the content of the discourse and the way of discourse. The three dimensions provide a specific operational module for the identity construction through the analytic method. In addition, the method of identifying and extracting the suggested behavior in this study, such as the micro and macro-visual angle, can provide a methodological reference for the study of the suggested behavior in the mechanism interaction and the study of the suggested behavior in the inter-lingual and cross-cultural pragmatics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H030
，
本文編號(hào)：2417658
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