【摘要】：離合詞是現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中的一種特殊語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象，把漢語(yǔ)作為第二語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)習(xí)者（以下簡(jiǎn)稱漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者）往往不容易掌握其特點(diǎn)和用法，離合詞也就成為對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)的難點(diǎn)。我們依據(jù)《漢語(yǔ)國(guó)際教育用音節(jié)漢字詞匯等級(jí)劃分（國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）》（以下簡(jiǎn)稱《等級(jí)劃分》），選取其中的普及化等級(jí)離合詞作為研究對(duì)象，通過(guò)對(duì)普及化離合詞的“合”形式和離析形式進(jìn)行分析研究，確定離合詞的結(jié)構(gòu)、常用離析形式并進(jìn)而分析出每一個(gè)離合詞的離析情況。運(yùn)用定量分析的方法，劃分出普及化等級(jí)離合詞的“合”形式難度等級(jí)和離析形式難度等級(jí)，為對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的普及化等級(jí)離合詞教學(xué)提供教學(xué)參考。本文共分為五大部分： 第一部分，引言。主要介紹本文研究的內(nèi)容、意義、研究方法和理論依據(jù)，并說(shuō)明本文研究所使用的語(yǔ)料的來(lái)源，對(duì)離合詞的研究情況進(jìn)行綜述。 第二部分，普及化等級(jí)離合詞的確定與分析。根據(jù)《等級(jí)劃分》，首先確定本文的研究范圍為普及化等級(jí)的73個(gè)離合詞，并從本體研究的角度分析普及化等級(jí)離合詞的性質(zhì)和離析情況，借助北京大學(xué)CCL語(yǔ)料庫(kù)對(duì)確定出來(lái)的離合詞進(jìn)行逐一全面地考察，我們總結(jié)出普及化等級(jí)離合詞的離析形式。根據(jù)離析形式的離析方式的復(fù)雜程度的不同，我們對(duì)離析形式進(jìn)行了分級(jí)處理，確定了14種常用離析形式，，并據(jù)此對(duì)每一個(gè)普及化等級(jí)離合詞的離析情況進(jìn)行考察。 第三部分，普及化等級(jí)離合詞習(xí)得情況考察與難度等級(jí)劃分。通過(guò)對(duì)普及化等級(jí)離合詞“合”形式習(xí)得情況和離析形式習(xí)得情況的分別考察，得到漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者使用離合詞的“合”形式的偏誤率和離析形式的偏誤率，并以偏誤率為依據(jù)，嘗試對(duì)離合詞“合”形式和離析形式分別進(jìn)行了難度等級(jí)劃分，并對(duì)每一個(gè)離合詞的離析形式進(jìn)行了難度排序。 第四部分，普及化等級(jí)離合詞教學(xué)策略和教學(xué)建議。我們認(rèn)為在對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)中，既要重視普及化等級(jí)離合詞的教學(xué)，又要重視漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程，也要重視語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)的講解順序，還要完善教材中對(duì)普及化等級(jí)離合詞的編寫(xiě)。我們認(rèn)為，既要注意對(duì)普及化等級(jí)離合詞進(jìn)行逐一講解，對(duì)離析形式的講解要與語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)結(jié)合，還要注意機(jī)械性訓(xùn)練，關(guān)注漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者可能出現(xiàn)偏誤的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)，重視漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者母語(yǔ)的干擾。 第五部分，結(jié)語(yǔ)。全面總結(jié)本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容。
[Abstract]:Disjunctive words are a special language phenomenon in modern Chinese. Chinese learners who learn Chinese as a second language (hereinafter referred to as Chinese learners) often do not grasp its characteristics and usage easily, and clutch words become a difficult point in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. According to the Chinese syllabic Chinese word grading (National Standard) for Chinese International Education (hereinafter referred to as "Grade Classification"), we choose the popularized gradation word as the research object. Through the analysis and study of the "combination" form and the segregation form of the popular disjunctive words, the structure of the ionization words is determined, and the segregation forms are commonly used, and then the segregation situation of each ionization word is analyzed. By using the method of quantitative analysis, the author classifies the degree of difficulty of "conjunction" form and the level of difficulty of segregation form of universal grade words, and provides a teaching reference for the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language in the course of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part, introduction. This paper mainly introduces the content, significance, research methods and theoretical basis of this study, and explains the source of the corpus used in this study, and summarizes the research situation of the clutch words. The second part is about the determination and analysis of the universal gradation words. According to the classification of grades, the research scope of this paper is first determined to be 73 ionization words of universal grade, and the nature and segregation of these words are analyzed from the perspective of ontology research. With the help of the CCL corpus of Peking University, we have made a comprehensive investigation of the identified ionization words one by one, and we have summed up the segregation forms of the popularized gradation words. According to the different degree of complexity of the segregation form, we have classified the segregation form, determined 14 common segregation forms, and investigated the segregation of each popularized gradation word. In the third part, the author investigates the acquisition of generalized gradation and classifies the degree of difficulty. Based on the investigation of the acquisition of the "combination" and the "combination" of the generalized gradation, the error rate of the Chinese learners using the "combination" form and the error rate of the segregation form are obtained, and the error rate is based on the error rate. This paper attempts to classify the form of "conjunction" and the form of segregation of clutch words into difficulty levels, and makes a ranking of the degree of difficulty in the form of segregation of each word. In the fourth part, the teaching strategies and teaching suggestions of generalized gradation disjunctive words are discussed. In teaching Chinese as a foreign language, we should not only pay attention to the teaching of universal gradation words, but also pay attention to the learning process of Chinese learners, pay attention to the explaining sequence of grammatical points, and improve the compilation of universal gradation words in textbooks. In our opinion, we should pay attention to explaining one by one the generalized gradation words, combining the explanation of segregation form with grammatical points, paying attention to mechanical training and paying attention to the grammatical points where Chinese learners may have errors. Pay attention to the interference of Chinese learners' mother tongue. The fifth part, conclusion. Summarize the research content of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H195

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