【摘要】：本文采用地理語(yǔ)言學(xué)和社會(huì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)的方法來(lái)研究夏層鋪土話,通過(guò)田野調(diào)查的方式對(duì)夏層鋪鎮(zhèn)21個(gè)土話村和1個(gè)居委會(huì)的土話進(jìn)行了調(diào)查和比較,從語(yǔ)音、詞匯、土話使用等方面進(jìn)行了分析。希望可以為今后夏層鋪土話的深入研究補(bǔ)充新鮮的語(yǔ)言材料,并且?guī)椭覀儗?duì)土話演變趨勢(shì)做出科學(xué)判斷。 從地理語(yǔ)言學(xué)角度來(lái)分析。通過(guò)方言地圖能看到各個(gè)土話村在聲韻調(diào)方面的差異和規(guī)律。語(yǔ)音方面,大部分語(yǔ)音特征在夏層鋪鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)部比較—致。但是內(nèi)部還是存在—定的差別,主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：(1)聲調(diào)的數(shù)量；(2)濁上的歸并；(3)濁去的歸并；(4)端母的讀音；(5)精組的讀音；(6)知莊章組的讀音；(7)尖團(tuán)音的區(qū)分；(8)蟹攝一、二等韻的讀音；(9)效攝豪韻、肴韻的讀音；(10)山攝一、二等韻的讀音；(11)山攝三、四等韻的讀音。 詞匯方面,“搖”、“爸爸”這兩個(gè)詞的說(shuō)法在夏層鋪內(nèi)部是—致的,其他的詞如“螞蟻”、“蜘蛛”等動(dòng)物類的詞都有很多中說(shuō)法。像“刺”、“彎”、“鉆”這類動(dòng)詞的意義都有新舊兩種詞來(lái)表達(dá),舊說(shuō)法是保留古詞,而新說(shuō)法則是后起的。像“你”這類常用的不容易受外界影響的詞有多種讀音主要是受到移民因素的影響,早期的移民使得不同的說(shuō)法代代流傳,形成了多種說(shuō)法的局面。 從社會(huì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)的角度來(lái)說(shuō),夏層鋪鎮(zhèn)是雙語(yǔ)雙方言區(qū),官話是最主要的交際語(yǔ)言,土話與普通話都是在一定場(chǎng)合內(nèi)使用。并且從調(diào)查到的結(jié)果來(lái)看,官話和普通話的使用范圍正在擴(kuò)大,土話的使用范圍在逐漸縮小,土話功能正在減弱,但土話短期內(nèi)不會(huì)消失,還會(huì)長(zhǎng)期使用下去。這種現(xiàn)象是由年齡、性別、民族、文化背景等各方面的因素造成的。
[Abstract]:This paper adopts the methods of geolinguistics and sociolinguistics to study Xiayangpu dialect. Through field investigation, the author investigates and compares the local dialect of 21 local villages and one neighborhood committee in Xiayanpu Town, from the aspects of pronunciation and vocabulary. The usage of vernacular is analyzed. It is hoped that we can supplement fresh language materials for the further study of local dialect in summer and help us to make a scientific judgment on the evolution trend of vernacular dialect. From a geolinguistic point of view. Through the dialect map, we can see the differences and rules in tone and rhyme of every vernacular village. In terms of speech, most of the speech features are compared in Xiadianpu Town. However, there are still some differences between them in the following aspects: (1) the number of tones; (2) the amalgamation of turbidity; (3) the amalgamation of turbidity; (4) the pronunciation of Duanma; (5) the pronunciation of fine group; (6) the pronunciation of Zhuangzhang group; (7) the distinction of the sharp group; (8) the pronunciation of the first and second class rhyme taken by the crab; (9) the pronunciation of the superior rhyme and the rhyme of the delicacy; (10) the pronunciation of the first and second rhymes of the mountain; (11) the pronunciation of the third and fourth rhymes of the mountain. In terms of vocabulary, the words "shake" and "father" are used inside the summer bunk. Other words such as "ants", "spiders" and other animal words are said in many ways. Verbs such as "prick", "bend" and "drill" have new and old words to express, the old word is to retain the old word, and the new one is a new one. The common words such as "you", which are not easily influenced by the outside world, are mainly influenced by immigration factors. From a sociolinguistic point of view, Xiadianpu Town is a bilingual dual dialect area, Mandarin is the most important communicative language, both vernacular and Putonghua are used in certain occasions. And from the results of the investigation, the use of Mandarin and Mandarin is expanding, the use of vernacular is gradually narrowing, the function of vernacular is weakening, but the vernacular will not disappear in the short term, and will continue to be used for a long time. This phenomenon is caused by age, sex, nationality, cultural background and other factors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H174

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