【摘要】：語(yǔ)調(diào)是口語(yǔ)中一個(gè)必不可少的組成成分，它一般感知為帶有特定意義的語(yǔ)流，描述為具有抑揚(yáng)頓挫的音高移動(dòng)序列。但在聲學(xué)上語(yǔ)調(diào)可以體現(xiàn)為聲音基頻的連續(xù)體，因此局部位置的音高事件在語(yǔ)調(diào)研究中也逐漸成為語(yǔ)言學(xué)熱點(diǎn)。在聲調(diào)語(yǔ)言中，詞匯聲調(diào)的基頻變化對(duì)話語(yǔ)整體曲拱的形成有著巨大的影響。而廣州話作為一種典型的聲調(diào)語(yǔ)言，學(xué)界上認(rèn)為它有六個(gè)聲調(diào)和九種調(diào)型發(fā)音，其聲調(diào)系統(tǒng)比漢語(yǔ)普通話更為復(fù)雜。雖然曾有許多研究對(duì)廣州話語(yǔ)調(diào)進(jìn)行分析，或?qū)V州話聲調(diào)和語(yǔ)調(diào)的關(guān)系進(jìn)行探討，但這些研究?jī)H僅用傳統(tǒng)的感知方法來(lái)討論廣州話語(yǔ)調(diào)，或者只是關(guān)注于語(yǔ)調(diào)區(qū)分句子類型的功能。而鮮少有人嘗試從語(yǔ)音學(xué)角度對(duì)廣州話語(yǔ)調(diào)進(jìn)行音系學(xué)的分析。而一個(gè)重要的問(wèn)題是當(dāng)前許多廣州話語(yǔ)調(diào)的研究都大多傾向于使用香港廣州話，而我們認(rèn)為廣州是廣州話的發(fā)源地，廣州本地所使用的語(yǔ)言應(yīng)成為廣州話研究的對(duì)象。 本文通過(guò)兩個(gè)對(duì)廣州本地母語(yǔ)者的語(yǔ)音實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察廣州話語(yǔ)調(diào)的聲學(xué)特征，，并以此對(duì)廣州話語(yǔ)調(diào)進(jìn)行音系學(xué)分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)是對(duì)廣州本地人的自然話語(yǔ)進(jìn)行錄音。首先實(shí)驗(yàn)的材料是不同長(zhǎng)度和不同類型的簡(jiǎn)單話語(yǔ)，用于語(yǔ)調(diào)特征分析的討論。第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)則是對(duì)相同音節(jié)但不同聲調(diào)的詞匯進(jìn)行錄音，以探討聲調(diào)單獨(dú)存在的語(yǔ)音表現(xiàn)。 本文基于自主音段-節(jié)律（AM）理論的框架，討論了廣州話的語(yǔ)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)以及其他相關(guān)的語(yǔ)調(diào)問(wèn)題，如節(jié)律結(jié)構(gòu)、中介短語(yǔ)和衰減。最后根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示的語(yǔ)音特征及音系學(xué)分析，論文提出利用三個(gè)水平調(diào)對(duì)廣州話語(yǔ)調(diào)的音系描寫。通過(guò)對(duì)比詞匯聲調(diào)單獨(dú)存在的基頻曲拱和它們?cè)谠捳Z(yǔ)中的基頻變化，廣州話語(yǔ)調(diào)的譽(yù)寫中除了歐洲語(yǔ)調(diào)描寫中常用的H（高）和L（低）水平調(diào)外，還增加了一個(gè)M （中）的水平調(diào)。
[Abstract]:Intonation is an essential component of spoken English. It is generally perceived as a flow with a specific meaning and described as a series of pitch movements with cadence. However, intonation can be reflected as a continuum of fundamental frequency in acoustics. Therefore, pitch events in local positions have gradually become a linguistic hotspot in intonation research. In tone language, the fundamental frequency change of vocabulary tone has a great influence on the formation of the whole arch of discourse. As a typical tone language, Guanzhou dialect has six tones and nine tones, and its tone system is more complicated than Mandarin Chinese. Although many studies have analyzed the intonation of Guangzhou dialect or explored the relationship between tone and intonation of Guangzhou dialect, these studies have only used traditional perceptual methods to discuss the intonation of Cantonese. Or just focus on the function of intonation to distinguish sentence types. Few people try to make phonological analysis of Guangzhou dialect intonation from the perspective of phonetics. An important problem is that most of the current researches on the tone of Guangzhou dialect tend to use Hong Kong Cantonese, and we think that Guangzhou is the birthplace of Guangzhou dialect, and the language used in Guangzhou should be the object of study of Guangzhou dialect. In this paper, two phonological experiments of native speakers in Guangzhou are conducted to observe the acoustic characteristics of the intonation of Guangzhou dialect, and to make phonological analysis of the intonation of Guangzhou dialect. The experimental design is to record the natural words of the local people in Guangzhou. At first, the material of the experiment is simple discourse of different length and different types, which is used to discuss intonation feature analysis. The second experiment is to record words with the same syllables but different tones to explore the phonological performance of individual tones. Based on the framework of autonomous segmental-rhythmic (AM) theory, this paper discusses the intonation structure of Cantonese and other related intonation problems, such as rhythmic structure, intermediate phrases and attenuation. Finally, according to the phonological characteristics and phonological analysis of the experiment, this paper puts forward the phonological description of Guangzhou dialect intonation by using three horizontal tones. By contrasting the fundamental frequency arches of vocabulary tones and their fundamental frequency changes in the discourse, besides the H (high) and L (low) levels commonly used in the description of European intonation, Guangzhou's key tone is not only H (high) and L (low). An M (middle) horizontal tone has also been added.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H17

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