【摘要】：漢語和日語都有被動句式，，在很多情況下可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換，但是兩者之間又存在不少的差異。在學(xué)習(xí)漢語的過程中，日本學(xué)生會根據(jù)母語來直接翻譯成漢語，常常會出現(xiàn)錯誤。本文通過全面分析漢日被動句的結(jié)構(gòu)、語義特征和表現(xiàn)形式以及使用，比較漢日兩種語言被動句的相同和異同，剖析日本留學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢語被動句出現(xiàn)偏誤的原因，希望對日漢語教學(xué)中的被動句教學(xué)提供一些啟示和幫助，避開母語負(fù)遷移現(xiàn)象。 本文從語義、語法、語用三個層面分析總結(jié)漢日被動句的用法。本文一共分為四章。 1.研究背景。主要概括了前人的研究成果和目前的研究狀況，并對“漢語被動句”和“日語被動句”的定義、特點、語法結(jié)構(gòu)和謂語動詞的屬性作簡要闡述。 2.漢日兩種被動句的相同和異同。通過謂語動詞的形式和語用以及兩者的綜合對比等角度來分析漢日兩種被動句的相同和異同。 3.分析出現(xiàn)偏誤的原因。分析了十幾種出現(xiàn)偏誤的情況，并對比漢日被動句的不同使用習(xí)慣，以及日本學(xué)生出現(xiàn)偏誤的原因和對對外漢語教學(xué)的建議。另外還對偏誤的來源做了一些說明。 4.結(jié)語。通過前面漢日兩種不同被動句的對比分析，筆者對對外漢語教學(xué)方面的思考。包括理論研究、教材編寫、教學(xué)法等方面。
[Abstract]:Both Chinese and Japanese have passive sentence patterns, which can be converted to each other in many cases, but there are many differences between them. In the process of learning Chinese, Japanese students translate Chinese directly according to their mother tongue. By analyzing the structure, semantic features, forms of expression and usage of passive sentences in Chinese and Japanese, this paper compares the similarities and differences between Chinese and Japanese passive sentences, and analyzes the reasons for the errors in learning Chinese passive sentences by Japanese students. It is hoped that it can provide some enlightenment and help in the teaching of passive sentences in Japanese Chinese teaching and avoid the phenomenon of negative transfer of mother tongue. This paper summarizes the usage of Chinese and Japanese passive sentences from semantic, grammatical and pragmatic aspects. This paper is divided into four chapters. 1. Background. This paper mainly summarizes the previous research achievements and current research situation, and briefly expounds the definitions, characteristics, grammatical structure and attributes of predicate verbs of "Chinese passive sentence" and "Japanese passive sentence". 2. The similarities and differences between Chinese and Japanese passive sentences. This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between Chinese and Japanese passive sentences from the angles of the form and pragmatics of predicate verbs and their comprehensive contrast. 3. Analyze the causes of errors. This paper analyzes more than ten kinds of errors, and compares the different usage habits of Chinese and Japanese passive sentences, as well as the causes of errors among Japanese students and the suggestions for teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The source of the error is also explained. 4. Conclusion Through the contrastive analysis of two different passive sentences, the author thinks about teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Including theoretical research, textbook compilation, teaching methods and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H195.3

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