【摘要】：漢字是音、形、義結(jié)合的文字,在拼讀、識記和書寫等方面都存在一定的特殊性。漢字的學(xué)習(xí)過程與英語、法語等拼音文字存在很大的差異,對教師和學(xué)生而言,漢字都是難點中的難點。 伴隨著“漢語熱”和國際漢語推廣,海外的對外漢語教育取得了顯著的成果。相比其他國家,法國漢語教學(xué)發(fā)展的速度及取得的成就尤其令人矚目。法國的漢語教學(xué)歷史悠久,發(fā)展迅速,學(xué)習(xí)者規(guī)模增加顯著。法國的漢語教學(xué)積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗,形成了重視漢字教學(xué)的傳統(tǒng)。 上世紀(jì)八十年代,以白樂桑等為首的漢學(xué)家率先提出了“字本位”的漢語教學(xué)觀,并編撰了許多教材。他們采用字詞分開,由字到詞的教學(xué)方法,突出了漢字的構(gòu)詞功能。法國的漢字教學(xué)遵循著“字本位”的教學(xué)理念,根據(jù)漢字使用的頻度、構(gòu)詞能力的強弱、交際需要及學(xué)習(xí)者的特點,本著經(jīng)濟有效的原則將漢字分成“主動字”和“被動字”,并制定了漢語作為第一、第二和第三外語的難度區(qū)分的五張字表,為法國的漢語教學(xué)提供了較為明確的指導(dǎo)。 法國的中學(xué)漢語教學(xué)是整體漢語教學(xué)的重點。本文介紹了其教學(xué)大綱的研制背景和具體內(nèi)容,重點對大綱中的五張字表進行相互之間以及與新HSK1-3級詞匯大綱所涉及到漢字的比較分析,以求更好地為法國漢語教學(xué)服務(wù)。本文還根據(jù)對字表的分析結(jié)果,結(jié)合法國學(xué)生的特點,提供一定的參考性的教學(xué)策略。
[Abstract]:Chinese characters are the combination of pronunciation, form and meaning, which have some particularity in spelling, memorizing and writing. The learning process of Chinese characters is very different from that of English, French and other phonetic characters. For teachers and students, Chinese characters are difficult points. With the popularity of Chinese and international Chinese, the overseas education of Chinese as a foreign language has made remarkable achievements. Compared with other countries, the French Chinese language teaching speed and achievements are particularly impressive. French Chinese teaching has a long history, rapid development and significant increase in the size of learners. The teaching of Chinese in France has accumulated rich experience and formed the tradition of attaching importance to the teaching of Chinese characters. In the eighties of last century, Sinologists, led by Bailesang and others, first put forward the Chinese teaching concept of "character standard" and compiled many teaching materials. They used the word-to-word teaching method, highlighting the word-formation function of Chinese characters. The teaching of Chinese characters in France follows the teaching idea of "character standard". According to the frequency of using Chinese characters, the strength of word-formation ability, the need of communication and the characteristics of learners, the Chinese characters are divided into "active characters" and "passive characters" according to the principle of economy and effectiveness. The paper also makes a five-character list which distinguishes the difficulty of Chinese as the first, second and third foreign languages, which provides a clear guide for the teaching of Chinese in France. The teaching of Chinese in middle school in France is the focus of the whole Chinese teaching. This paper introduces the development background and concrete contents of the syllabus, and focuses on the comparison and analysis of the five word tables in the syllabus and the Chinese characters involved in the new HSK1-3 lexical syllabus in order to better serve the teaching of French Chinese. Based on the analysis of the word table and the characteristics of French students, this paper provides some reference teaching strategies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H195.3

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