【摘要】：所謂詞類轉(zhuǎn)換是指一個詞在不改變詞的形態(tài)的情況下直接轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞類,轉(zhuǎn)化后的詞具有新的意義和作用。作為一種特殊的語言現(xiàn)象,詞類轉(zhuǎn)換一直深受國內(nèi)外語言學(xué)者的關(guān)注。名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞作為詞類轉(zhuǎn)換中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的詞類,廣泛存在于現(xiàn)代英語和漢語當中。名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞屬于語言中的非常規(guī)現(xiàn)象,如何正確看待這種非常規(guī)語言現(xiàn)象及對于這一語言現(xiàn)象的成因分析對名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞的發(fā)展起著重要的作用,對創(chuàng)造性使用語言、欣賞語言的創(chuàng)造性很有意義,因此對其研究是非常有價值的。 根據(jù)詞類轉(zhuǎn)換的定義可知,所謂名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞是指名詞在特定語境下不改變詞的形態(tài)被直接用作動詞,獲得動詞的句法特征,衍生出相應(yīng)的動作意義。這一現(xiàn)象在英語和古漢語中非常普遍,而且在現(xiàn)代漢語中也有日趨增長的態(tài)勢。名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞的出現(xiàn)體現(xiàn)了語言的經(jīng)濟型原則并且能產(chǎn)生很強的語用效果,具有研究價值。 本文從認知語義學(xué)角度出發(fā),探討名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞的語義表達及其理解。本文指出名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞的語義基礎(chǔ)是原生名詞的內(nèi)涵意義,而名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞的語義衍生的基本理據(jù)為原生名詞所指客體的典型特征。本文指出名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞的語義衍生通過比喻和引申兩種方式實現(xiàn)。名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞的語義衍生,是原生名詞語義偏移的結(jié)果：通過比喻實現(xiàn)原生名詞從字面義向隱喻義的偏移；通過引申實現(xiàn)原生名詞從指稱義向描寫義的偏移。針對名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞的成因問題本文從語言和心理兩方面因素著手分析�？陀^上的語言貧乏是形成名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞的直接原因。追求簡潔和追求創(chuàng)新是名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞形成的心理因素。 本文對名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞現(xiàn)象做出評價,對名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞現(xiàn)象的優(yōu)點做出總結(jié),并補充說明其不足之處,最后本文闡述了名動轉(zhuǎn)類詞對詞匯教學(xué)、詞典編撰和漢譯英的啟示。
[Abstract]:The so-called part of speech transformation refers to the transformation of a word into another part of speech without changing the morphology of the word. The transformed word has new meaning and function. As a special language phenomenon, part-of-speech conversion has always been concerned by linguists at home and abroad. As the most frequent part of speech conversion, noun-verb-class words are widely used in modern English and Chinese. Nomenclature and verb transformation is an unconventional phenomenon in language. How to correctly treat this unconventional language phenomenon and its causes play an important role in the development of nomenclature and verb transformation, and in the creative use of language. It is meaningful to appreciate the creativity of language, so it is very valuable to study it. According to the definition of part of speech transformation, the so-called nomenclature and verb transfer word means that the noun does not change the form of the word directly as a verb in a specific context, obtains the syntactic characteristics of the verb, and derives the corresponding action meaning. This phenomenon is very common in English and ancient Chinese, and also has a growing trend in modern Chinese. The appearance of nomenclature and verb transformation reflects the economic principle of language and can produce strong pragmatic effect, so it is of great research value. From the perspective of cognitive semantics, this paper discusses the semantic expression and understanding of noun-verb-metaphoric words. This paper points out that the semantic basis of the noun is the connotative meaning of the noun, and the basic motivation of the semantic derivation of the noun is the typical characteristic of the object referred to by the noun. This paper points out that the semantic derivation of noun-verb-type words is realized by means of metaphor and extension. The semantic derivation of nouns is the result of semantic deviation of native nouns: the original nouns shift from literal to metaphorical meanings through metaphor and the original nouns from referential meanings to descriptive meanings by extension. This paper analyzes the causes of noun-verb-to-class words from two aspects of language and psychology. The lack of objective language is the direct reason for the formation of noun-verb-to-class words. The pursuit of conciseness and innovation is the psychological factor of the formation of noun. This paper evaluates the phenomenon of nomenclature, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the phenomenon, and finally expounds the implications of noun and verb for vocabulary teaching, dictionary compilation and Chinese-English translation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H04

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