【摘要】：長(zhǎng)沙方言屬于湘語長(zhǎng)益片,是湘語的典型代表,語音、詞匯和語法等方面地方色彩濃厚。本文對(duì)長(zhǎng)沙方言“著”進(jìn)行了全面、細(xì)致的研究,力圖準(zhǔn)確、系統(tǒng)地描述長(zhǎng)沙方言“著”的全貌,并將之與普通話以及其它方言“著”的用法進(jìn)行了比較。論文首先對(duì)長(zhǎng)沙方言的語音、詞匯、語法特色進(jìn)行概述,接下來將長(zhǎng)沙方言“著”和普通話“著”進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單比較,特別是比較了他們做助詞的情況,大致得出普通話“著”主要表持續(xù),而長(zhǎng)沙方言“著”不管是做時(shí)態(tài)助詞、動(dòng)態(tài)助詞還是情態(tài)助詞,都是表“繼續(xù)”或“已然”。 緒論部分共分為三節(jié),第一節(jié)為研究的目標(biāo)和意義；第二節(jié)為研究的方法和步驟；第三節(jié)為相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)綜述。 第二章為長(zhǎng)沙方言綜述,是本論文研究的基礎(chǔ),共分為三節(jié),第一節(jié)為長(zhǎng)沙地理歷史概況,第二節(jié)為長(zhǎng)沙方言語音、詞匯、語法簡(jiǎn)介,長(zhǎng)沙方言包括聲母23個(gè),韻母40個(gè),聲調(diào)6個(gè)；詞匯包括特殊用詞和特殊結(jié)構(gòu),如用在動(dòng)補(bǔ)間的“得”：懶得勻凈,特殊詞綴“子”：沙婆子；語法上通過虛詞和語序?yàn)橹匾侄巍?第三章為“著”在長(zhǎng)沙方言中的語法功能,共有兩節(jié),第一節(jié)介紹了“著”的詞性,詳細(xì)闡述了“著”作動(dòng)態(tài)助詞、情態(tài)助詞和語氣助詞時(shí)的主要用法和意義以及三者之間的聯(lián)系。第二節(jié)介紹的是“著”常見的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,主要有五種：動(dòng)詞+賓語+著；動(dòng)詞+補(bǔ)語+著；動(dòng)詞+賓語+補(bǔ)語+著；動(dòng)詞+著；名詞+著。 第四章為“著”在長(zhǎng)沙方言中體貌特征,具體有兩種：繼續(xù)和已然。第一節(jié)“著”作繼續(xù)體時(shí),表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作接連發(fā)生,句子中一般有“先、等、暫時(shí)”等標(biāo)記。第二節(jié)“著”已然體時(shí),將還沒有發(fā)生的事情和說話情形時(shí)比較,后面的動(dòng)作雖然沒發(fā)生,但是必然發(fā)生。 第五章側(cè)重于“著”與長(zhǎng)沙方言其他詞的比較,第一節(jié)是“著”與其他動(dòng)態(tài)助詞比較,主要和“咖”、“噠”、“得”、“去來”、“起”、“到”等在意義和結(jié)構(gòu)形式上比較。比如說與“咖”、“噠”相比時(shí),前者側(cè)重于表繼續(xù),后者側(cè)重于表完成。與“噠”、“咖”相比時(shí),“著”側(cè)重于表“先”的意義,“噠”、“咖”側(cè)重于表完結(jié)。第二節(jié)是“著”與其他語氣詞比較,主要與“Up”、“咧”、“啵”、“啊”、“吧”、噠”、“啦”比較。 第六章將長(zhǎng)沙方言“著”與其他方言“著”進(jìn)行比較。總體來說,南方方言“著”與長(zhǎng)沙方言“著”有著相似性,北方方言“著”與長(zhǎng)沙方言“著”在意義和用法上面差別就比較大。 第七章講的是“著”的性質(zhì)和來源,共三節(jié),第一節(jié)講“著”的不可或缺性,意思指“著”的存在不是可有可無的。第二節(jié)講的是“著”的序列性,即“著”前后的動(dòng)作是出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)時(shí)間序列里,動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生。第三節(jié)講的是長(zhǎng)沙方言“著”的來源,本文認(rèn)為“著”是由“再說”兩個(gè)字合成的。
[Abstract]:Changsha dialect is a typical representative of Xiang dialect, which has strong local color in phonetic, lexical and grammatical aspects. This paper makes a comprehensive and detailed study on the "zhuo" of Changsha dialect, and tries to describe the whole picture of "zhuo" accurately and systematically, and compares it with the usage of Putonghua and other dialects. This paper first summarizes the phonetic, lexical and grammatical features of Changsha dialect, and then compares Changsha dialect with Mandarin dialect, especially their auxiliary words. It is generally concluded that the main expression of Putonghua "Zhe" is persistent, while the Changsha dialect "Zhe" is "continued" or "already" whether it is doing tense auxiliary, dynamic auxiliary or modal auxiliary. The introduction part is divided into three sections: the first section is the goal and significance of the research; the second section is the research methods and steps; the third section is the related literature review. The second chapter is a summary of Changsha dialect, which is the basis of this thesis. It is divided into three sections. The first section is a survey of Changsha geographical history, the second section is a brief introduction of Changsha dialect's pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar. Changsha dialect includes 23 initials and 40 vowels. 6 tones; Vocabulary includes special words and special structures, such as "get" used between verb and complement: lazy and neat, special affix "Zi": Sagitta; grammatically, function words and word order are important means. The third chapter is the grammatical function of "zhuo" in Changsha dialect, there are two sections. The first section introduces the part of speech of "zhuo", and expounds the dynamic auxiliary words of "zhuo" in detail The main usage and meaning of modal auxiliary and the relationship between them. The second section introduces the common structural forms of "zhe", there are five main types: verb object writing; verb complement writing; verb object complement writing; verb writing; noun writing; verb object complement writing; verb writing; noun writing; verb object complement writing; verb writing; The fourth chapter is "Zhe" in Changsha dialect, there are two specific features: continue and already. In the first section, it means that two actions occur one after another, and the sentences are usually marked with "first, wait, temporary" and so on. In the second section, comparing what has not happened with the situation of speaking, the action behind it does not happen, but it must happen. The fifth chapter focuses on the comparison between "Zhe" and other words in Changsha dialect. The first section is "Zhe" compared with other dynamic auxiliary words, mainly "da", "de", "go to", "start". Comparison of meaning and structure between "to" and so on. For example, compared with "coffee" and "da", the former focuses on table continuation and the latter on table completion. Compared with "da" and "coffee", the author focuses on the meaning of "first", "da" and "coffee" focus on the end of the table. The second section is the comparison of "Zhe" with other modal words, mainly with "Up", "ear", "Boo", "ah", "Bah", "da", "La". Chapter six compares Changsha dialect "Zhe" with other dialects. Generally speaking, the southern dialect "Zhe" and the Changsha dialect "Zhe" have similarities, and the northern dialect "Zhe" and the Changsha dialect "Zhe" are quite different in meaning and usage. The seventh chapter deals with the nature and source of "Zhe", which consists of three sections. The first section deals with the essentiality of "Zhe", which means that the existence of "Zhe" is not dispensable. The second section is about the sequence of "Zhe", that is, the action before and after the "Zhe" appears in a time series, the action occurs successively. The third section is about the origin of Changsha dialect Zhe, which is composed of the word "say again".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H17

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本文編號(hào)：2338107