【摘要】：新時(shí)期以來(lái)漢語(yǔ)新詞語(yǔ)的消退現(xiàn)象十分顯著。本文以新時(shí)期以來(lái)產(chǎn)生的新詞語(yǔ)為研究對(duì)象,分析新詞語(yǔ)消退的特點(diǎn)與原因。文章主體分為以下三章： 第一章,基于語(yǔ)料庫(kù)進(jìn)行定量分析。通過(guò)整理相應(yīng)年代的新詞語(yǔ)詞典與年編對(duì)語(yǔ)料進(jìn)行收集,然后利用《現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)詞典》(第六版)、相關(guān)語(yǔ)料庫(kù)和語(yǔ)感三方面對(duì)收集到的語(yǔ)料進(jìn)行篩選,確定新時(shí)期以來(lái)消退的新詞語(yǔ)的范圍,構(gòu)建新時(shí)期以來(lái)漢語(yǔ)消退新詞語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)料庫(kù)。在語(yǔ)料庫(kù)的基礎(chǔ)之上對(duì)新時(shí)期以來(lái)漢語(yǔ)新詞語(yǔ)消退的整體走勢(shì)進(jìn)行概括,描繪出新詞語(yǔ)消退的大趨勢(shì),然后對(duì)消退的新詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行分時(shí)段的研究。 第二章,分析消退的新詞語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn),即哪類(lèi)新詞語(yǔ)更容易消退,其中是否有規(guī)律可循。本文主要從語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)義、修辭、語(yǔ)法四方面對(duì)消退的新詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行特點(diǎn)的分析。在語(yǔ)音特點(diǎn)上,消退的新詞語(yǔ)主要是簡(jiǎn)縮語(yǔ)和音譯造詞；在語(yǔ)義特點(diǎn)上,消退的新詞語(yǔ)主要受同義關(guān)系和語(yǔ)義環(huán)境的影響；在修辭特點(diǎn)上,使用比喻、仿擬、諧音等方式創(chuàng)造的新詞語(yǔ)更容易消退；在語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn)上主要是通過(guò)語(yǔ)言類(lèi)推機(jī)制批量構(gòu)造的新詞群容易消退。 第三章,對(duì)新時(shí)期以來(lái)漢語(yǔ)新詞語(yǔ)的消退原因進(jìn)行挖掘。本文把新時(shí)期以來(lái)漢語(yǔ)新詞語(yǔ)的消退原因概括為以下四個(gè)方面：社會(huì)因素、語(yǔ)用心理因素、網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳媒因素和語(yǔ)言系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部因素,具體包括舊事物的消失、新事物的普及、喜新厭舊的心理、從眾心理等等因素。正是在這些因素的作用下才促使了新時(shí)期以來(lái)漢語(yǔ)新詞語(yǔ)的消退現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:The extinction of Chinese neologisms in the new period is very significant. In this paper, the features and reasons of neologism are analyzed by taking the neologisms produced since the new period as the research object. The main body of the paper is divided into three chapters: chapter one, quantitative analysis based on corpus. Through sorting out the neologism dictionary and the annual edition of the corresponding age to collect the corpus, then using the Modern Chinese Dictionary (sixth edition), the relevant corpus and the language sense to screen the collected corpus, and then use the "Modern Chinese Dictionary" (sixth edition), relevant corpus and language sense to screen the collected corpus. To determine the range of new words which have disappeared since the new period, and to construct a corpus of Chinese new words that have disappeared since the new period. On the basis of corpus, this paper generalizes the overall trend of Chinese neologisms regression since the new period, describes the general trend of neologism, and then studies the fading neologisms in different periods. The second chapter analyzes the characteristics of fading neologisms, that is, which neologisms are easier to fade, and whether there are rules to follow. This paper analyzes the features of vanishing neologisms from phonological, semantic, rhetorical and grammatical aspects. In terms of phonological features, the subsided neologisms are mainly abbreviated and transliterated, and the fading neologisms are mainly influenced by synonymy and semantic environment. In terms of rhetorical features, the neologisms created by means of metaphor, parody and homonym are easier to dissipate, while grammatical features are mainly composed of groups of neologisms constructed in batches through linguistic analogies. The third chapter excavates the reasons for the extinction of Chinese neologisms since the new period. In this paper, the reasons for the extinction of Chinese neologisms since the new era are summarized as follows: social factors, pragmatic psychological factors, network media factors and internal factors of the language system, including the disappearance of old things and the popularization of new things. The old psychology, the conformity psychology and so on factor. It is under the action of these factors that the extinction of Chinese neologisms has been promoted since the new period.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H136

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