【摘要】：指示現(xiàn)象在語言中廣泛存在,頻繁使用。在現(xiàn)代漢語中,用代詞來指代重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的人或者事物,這在口語和書面語中都是非常普遍的,但并不是必須的。對于再次出現(xiàn)的人和事物,仍然可以重復(fù)使用這一名詞。重復(fù)使用名詞只是使語言在形式上不夠精煉。這雖然不太符合語言的經(jīng)濟(jì)性,但有時(shí)能對名詞本身所表述的內(nèi)容加以強(qiáng)調(diào),具有其獨(dú)特的表達(dá)效果。 本文針對現(xiàn)代漢語中人稱代詞與指人名詞的組合形式,按照組合的不同順序,將該結(jié)構(gòu)分為兩類：“人稱代詞+NP”結(jié)構(gòu)和“NP+人稱代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。從句法、語義、語用三個(gè)平面,采用描寫與解釋、語義分析、統(tǒng)計(jì)、替換等語言學(xué)方法,分析這兩種基本結(jié)構(gòu)在話語活動(dòng)中的應(yīng)用特點(diǎn)。本文認(rèn)為組合式人稱指示結(jié)構(gòu)能夠凸顯說話人想要強(qiáng)調(diào)的某種主觀意圖,加強(qiáng)某種屬性特征。 全文共分四章。 第一章,緒論,簡要闡明了本文的研究目的、研究意義、范圍和方法,說明語料的來源,介紹已有研究成果和側(cè)重方向。本文針對人稱代詞和NP組合式進(jìn)行考察,將該結(jié)構(gòu)的兩種類型“人稱代詞+NP”結(jié)構(gòu)和“NP+人稱代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行比較分析。其中“NP+人稱代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)在前人的研究中較少涉及。 第二章是從句法功能平面分析漢語組合式人稱指示的相關(guān)用法,分別從組合式人稱指示結(jié)構(gòu)的類型和句法分布這兩方面入手。 我們首先對人稱代詞和NP結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞性成分NP進(jìn)行分類,分析不同類名詞性成分與人稱代詞的組合特點(diǎn)。而后進(jìn)一步對人稱代詞按照不同人稱加以分類,分析各人稱所體現(xiàn)出的不同規(guī)律,以及該結(jié)構(gòu)在不同人稱之間的不均等分布。 在句法分布方面,按照組合式人稱指示在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)恼Z法成分加以描述。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的NP和人稱代詞可以充當(dāng)主語、賓語等,這與一般的名詞性成分相同。但是在充當(dāng)雙賓語時(shí),體現(xiàn)出一定的限制性,這類組合結(jié)構(gòu)不是我們研究的范圍。 第三章是從語義特征上描寫組合式人稱指示結(jié)構(gòu),對結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞性成分進(jìn)行語義歸類。本文認(rèn)為組合式人稱指示具有強(qiáng)調(diào)某種[+屬性]語義特征的作用,具體在語境中可以表現(xiàn)為[+特指]、[+指別]、[+數(shù)量]等語義。在歸類的基礎(chǔ)上分析該結(jié)構(gòu)中名詞性成分與人稱代詞之間的關(guān)系,其中以復(fù)指關(guān)系和領(lǐng)屬關(guān)系為主。偏正結(jié)構(gòu)表示的領(lǐng)屬關(guān)系占有數(shù)量上的優(yōu)勢。陳述關(guān)系結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)在情況相對特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)中,數(shù)量也不多。 第四章是考察漢語中組合式人稱指示的語用功能。從參與話語活動(dòng)的人物彼此間的地位關(guān)系入手,并分析某些有歧義的組合式人稱指示產(chǎn)生的原因,而后對移情現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行研究,分析不同人稱之間的相互指代現(xiàn)象。 最后是結(jié)語,總結(jié)前四章的研究內(nèi)容,給出結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Deixis is widely used in language. In modern Chinese, pronouns are used to refer to people or things that appear repeatedly, which is very common in spoken and written language, but not necessary. The term can still be reused for people and things that appear again. The repeated use of nouns only makes the language less refined in form. Although this does not accord with the economy of language, sometimes it can emphasize the content of nouns themselves and have its unique expressive effect. Aiming at the combination of personal pronouns and nouns in modern Chinese, according to the different order of combination, the structure is divided into two categories: "personal pronoun NP" structure and "NP personal pronoun" structure. From the three planes of syntax, semantics and pragmatics, this paper analyzes the application characteristics of these two basic structures in discourse activities by using the linguistic methods of description and interpretation, semantic analysis, statistics and substitution. This paper argues that the combined personal deixis can highlight the subjective intention of the speaker and strengthen some attribute features. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter, introduction, briefly explains the purpose, significance, scope and method of the research, explains the source of the corpus, and introduces the existing research results and the direction of emphasis. This paper investigates personal pronouns and NP combinations, and compares the two types of "personal pronouns NP" and "NP personal pronouns" structures. The "NP personal pronouns" structure is less involved in previous studies. The second chapter analyzes the relevant usage of Chinese combined person deixis from the syntactic functional plane, starting with the type and syntactic distribution of the combined personal deixis structure. First, we classify the nominal component NP in personal pronouns and NP structures, and analyze the combination characteristics of different types of nominal elements and personal pronouns. Then, the personal pronouns are classified according to different persons, and the different laws embodied by different persons are analyzed, and the unequal distribution of the structure among different persons is analyzed. In terms of syntactic distribution, the grammatical elements used in the sentence are described according to the combined person deixis. The NP and personal pronouns in this structure can act as subjects, objects, etc. However, when acting as a double object, there are some limitations, this kind of combinatorial structure is not the scope of our study. The third chapter describes the combined personal deixis from the semantic features and classifies the nominal elements in the structure. This paper holds that the combined person deixis has the function of emphasizing the semantic features of a certain [attribute], which can be expressed in the context as "specific", "quantity" and so on. On the basis of classification, the relationship between noun elements and personal pronouns in the structure is analyzed. The positive structure represents the dominance of the relationship in terms of quantity. The declarative relation structure appears in the relatively special structure, and the quantity is not much. Chapter four examines the pragmatic functions of combined personal deixis in Chinese. Starting with the status relationship between the characters involved in discourse activities and analyzing the causes of some ambiguous combined person deixis, this paper studies the phenomenon of empathy and analyzes the phenomenon of mutual reference between different persons. The last part is the conclusion, which summarizes the research contents of the first four chapters and gives the conclusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 彭澎;“名數(shù)量”同位短語及其對外漢語教學(xué)分析[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2013年

2 金瑜琳;漢韓人稱代詞和指人名詞組合式對比[D];延邊大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：2332933