發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-13 20:25

【摘要】：呼吸對人類生存和言語交流起著至關(guān)重要的作用,目前,言語生理的研究已成為語音學(xué)研究的一個(gè)重要方面。本文以藏語拉薩話新聞為研究對象,用呼吸帶、麥克風(fēng)和喉頭儀采集男女各20篇新聞朗讀的語音信號(hào)和胸腹呼吸信號(hào),通過MATLAB編寫“言語呼吸韻律分析平臺(tái)”并進(jìn)行參數(shù)設(shè)置、標(biāo)注和提取,最后進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析。 主要用到的語音韻律參數(shù)有：靜音段時(shí)長,語音段時(shí)長：句子、韻律短語、韻律詞和音節(jié)時(shí)長；呼吸參數(shù)有：呼吸周期時(shí)長,吸氣相時(shí)長,吸氣相幅度,吸氣相斜率,呼氣相時(shí)長,呼氣相幅度,呼氣相斜率。研究內(nèi)容主要分為新聞朗讀的韻律特征、新聞朗讀的呼吸特征以及新聞朗讀的呼吸和韻律關(guān)系三大部分。對1007個(gè)呼吸周期和13940個(gè)韻律單元的各項(xiàng)參數(shù)進(jìn)行研究,得到以下結(jié)論： (1)男聲韻律單元時(shí)長集中且穩(wěn)定性好,男聲朗讀中韻律處理比女聲稍顯細(xì)膩。韻律短語和韻律詞包含音節(jié)的跨度比漢語的研究結(jié)果略大,韻律等級越高,包含韻律數(shù)量越不穩(wěn)定。 (2)根據(jù)胸呼吸參數(shù)將呼吸類型分為十六種,并進(jìn)行各個(gè)參數(shù)分析；根據(jù)胸呼吸周期的標(biāo)注,將腹呼吸也標(biāo)出1007個(gè)周期,并根據(jù)腹呼吸的走勢將其分為四種趨勢,最終將胸腹呼吸關(guān)系歸納為49種,并對胸腹呼吸關(guān)系從參數(shù)上進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 (3)呼吸周期包含的韻律單元級別越高,數(shù)據(jù)變化越少,也越穩(wěn)定。由于新聞和藏語本身的特點(diǎn),有些情況下會(huì)造成呼吸周期包含的音節(jié)數(shù)較多,在不同位置的呼吸周期中,包含的韻律單元的語音韻律和呼吸參數(shù)都會(huì)有不同的特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Respiration plays an important role in human survival and speech communication. At present, the study of speech physiology has become an important aspect of phonetics. This paper takes Tibetan Lhasa dialect news as the research object, collects the speech signals and chest and abdominal respiratory signals of 20 articles of news reading by men and women with respiratory tape, microphone and laryngometer, and compiles "speech breath prosody analysis platform" through MATLAB and sets the parameters. Label and extract, and finally carry on the statistics and analysis of the data. The main phonetic prosodic parameters are: the duration of the mute segment, the duration of the speech segment: sentences, prosodic phrases, prosodic words and syllable duration; The respiratory parameters are: duration of respiratory cycle, amplitude of inspiratory phase, slope of inspiratory phase, duration of expiratory phase, amplitude of expiratory phase, slope of expiratory phase. The research contents are divided into three parts: prosodic characteristics of news reading, breathing characteristics of news reading and relationship between breathing and prosody of news reading. The parameters of 1007 breathing cycles and 13940 prosodic units were studied. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the prosody unit of male voice is concentrated and stable, and the prosodic processing of male voice is slightly more delicate than that of female voice. The span of syllable in prosodic phrases and prosodic words is slightly larger than that in Chinese, and the higher the prosodic grade is, the more unstable the quantity of included prosody is. (2) 16 types of respiration were classified according to the parameters of chest respiration, and each parameter was analyzed. According to the label of chest breathing cycle, 1007 cycles of abdominal and abdominal respiration were marked, and they were divided into four trends according to the trend of abdominal respiration. Finally, the relationship between chest and abdomen was classified into 49 kinds, and the relationship between chest and abdomen was statistically analyzed in terms of parameters. (3) the higher the level of prosodic unit included in respiratory cycle, the less change and stability of the data. Because of the characteristics of news and Tibetan language, in some cases the breathing cycle contains more syllable, and in different positions, the phonetic prosody and the breathing parameters of the included prosodic unit will have different characteristics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H214

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