言語幽默跨文化傳播的認(rèn)知探究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-03 18:57
【摘要】：作為一種重要的藝術(shù)形式和人際交往方式，幽默普遍存在于社會生活。隨著各國文化交流的日益頻繁，幽默的跨文化傳播勢在必行。幽默往往蘊(yùn)含了豐富的文化內(nèi)涵，因此，它不僅是一種語言概念，更是一種文化現(xiàn)象。 古往今來，有關(guān)幽默的研究汗牛充棟，然而針對幽默的跨文化理解和傳播所進(jìn)行的研究并不多見。因此，本文借助文化圖式理論和最佳新奇假設(shè)理論，擬從認(rèn)知和文化的角度探究異域幽默的解讀和傳播問題。 文化圖式是指人腦通過先前的經(jīng)驗存儲的一種關(guān)于文化的知識結(jié)構(gòu)塊，該圖式一旦被激活，可以用來感知和理解人類社會中的各種文化現(xiàn)象。不同的文化群體會形成各自不同的文化圖式。由于人類擁有一些共同的認(rèn)知和心理機(jī)制，因此他們對于一些事物享有共同的體會和認(rèn)識；通過累計這些共同的認(rèn)識，不同文化群體擁有的文化圖示形成了互相對應(yīng)的部分。然而，不同的民族在許多方面又都擁有各自的特色，這就導(dǎo)致了他們對同一事物可能擁有不同的理解，這些不同的理解就構(gòu)成了其各自文化圖式中相互矛盾的部分。同時，不同文化群體各自特有的文化內(nèi)容又導(dǎo)致了它們文化圖式中存在相互缺失的部分。通過英漢文化圖式間的對比，本文將對異域幽默理解有重要作用的文化圖式劃分為四種不同的類型（相互對應(yīng)的圖式、部分對應(yīng)的圖式、相互矛盾的圖式和缺失的圖式）并運(yùn)用大量英漢幽默例子對其進(jìn)行了闡釋。 幽默的成功解讀需要幽默的創(chuàng)作者和接收者享有相同的文化圖式，這樣才能使接收者通過激活相應(yīng)的圖式部分來識別并填補(bǔ)缺失的文化信息。也就是說，對應(yīng)的文化圖式在恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r機(jī)被成功的激活才能保證幽默的成功解讀。同時，根據(jù)最佳新奇假設(shè)，愉悅感只有在最佳新奇實現(xiàn)的時候才能被體會到，也就是說，接收者必須能識別出某一刺激的新奇性，同時又能完成與該刺激相關(guān)的熟悉性的自動回溯。文化圖式和最佳新奇共同對幽默的解讀做出了解釋。 一旦幽默中包涵了另一文化群體無法理解或無法正確理解的文化內(nèi)涵時，該幽默將無法被異域欣賞者所理解。理解英漢言語幽默各自所需的文化圖式中相互矛盾和空缺的部分導(dǎo)致了彼此幽默異域解讀的失敗，因此，文化專屬類幽默構(gòu)成了解讀異域幽默的主要障礙。為解決這一問題，本研究提出了相應(yīng)的對策：提升跨文化圖式的意識、累積其他文化群體的文化圖式知識以及在欣賞異域幽默時保持寬容的心態(tài)。 全文分為六章。 第一章概括說明了本研究的意義和研究框架。 第二章介紹了前人對幽默所做的相關(guān)研究，，并指出其存在的不足。 第三章提出了本研究的理論基礎(chǔ)：文化圖式理論和最佳新奇假設(shè)，并指出本文采用的主要研究方法。 第四、五兩章是本文論述的重點。旨在對解讀英漢言語幽默各自所需的文化圖式進(jìn)行比較分析，并將其劃分為四種類型，即相互對應(yīng)的圖式、部分對應(yīng)的圖式、相互矛盾的圖式和缺失的圖式。其中相互矛盾和空缺的圖式構(gòu)成了各自幽默異域解讀的主要障礙。這是因為幽默的解讀需要在恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r刻完成相應(yīng)文化圖式的激活；同時，愉悅感的獲得需要最佳新奇的實現(xiàn)，即識別出某一刺激所含的新奇性并完成與該刺激相關(guān)的熟悉性的自動回溯。最后，為應(yīng)對這一障礙，作者提出了相應(yīng)的解決策略。 第六章是全文的總結(jié)，歸納出本研究的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)、啟示和存在的不足，以期豐富幽默的跨文化研究并對促進(jìn)異域幽默的解讀和傳播作出貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:As an important form of art and interpersonal communication, humor prevails in social life. With the increasingly frequent exchange of countries, the cross-cultural communication of humor is imperative. Humor often contains rich cultural connotation, so it is not only a language concept, but also a cultural phenomenon. However, the study on humor in intercultural understanding and communication does not Therefore, with the aid of cultural schema theory and best novel hypothesis theory, this paper intends to explore the interpretation and dissemination of humor humor from the perspective of cognition and culture. "Problem. A cultural schema refers to a knowledge structure of a culture that is stored by the human brain through previous experience. Once activated, it can be used to sense and understand each of the human societies." A cultural phenomenon. Different cultural groups can form different cultures. Because human beings have some common cognition and psychological mechanism, they enjoy common experience and cognition for some things; by integrating these common understandings, the cultural icons owned by different cultural groups form each other. However, different nationalities have their own characteristics in many ways, which leads to the possibility that they have different understandings of the same thing, and these different understandings form each other in their respective cultural patterns At the same time, the unique cultural contents of different cultural groups have led to the existence of each other in their cultural schema. Through the comparison between English and Chinese cultural schemata, this paper divides the cultural schema which plays an important role in the understanding of humor understanding into four different types (schema and part corresponding to each other). the corresponding schema, conflicting schema, and missing schema) and applying a large number of English and Chinese humorous examples to it The successful interpretation of humor requires the author and receiver of humor to enjoy the same cultural schema so that the receiver can identify and fill out by activating the corresponding schema part. Lack of cultural information. That is to say, the corresponding cultural schema is successfully activated at the right time. The successful interpretation of forensic humor. At the same time, according to the best novel hypothesis, the sense of pleasure can only be realized at the time of the best novel realization, that is, the receiver must be able to identify the novelty of a stimulus, and at the same time be able to complete the stimulation related to the stimulus. Familiarity with automatic backtracking. Cultural schemata and best novel common sense of humor When humor includes the cultural connotation that another cultural group can't understand or understand correctly, the humor will It is impossible to understand and understand each other in the cultural schema necessary for understanding English and Chinese speech humor, which leads to a failure to interpret each other's humor. Therefore, the culture-specific humor is composed of humor. In order to solve this problem, this study puts forward corresponding countermeasures: to promote the consciousness of cross-cultural schema, to accumulate the cultural schema knowledge of other cultural groups and to appreciate the difference. Keep a wide range of humor in the domain A state of mind. The full text is divided into six chapters. Chapter II introduces the significance and research framework of this study. Chapter 3 puts forward the theoretical basis of this study: cultural schema theory. The theory and the best novel hypothesis, and point out this text mining The purpose of this paper is to compare and analyze the cultural schema required by English and Chinese speech humor, and divide it into four types, that is, each other. the drawings, parts corresponding to the drawings, conflicting figures, and missing figures. It is because the interpretation of humor needs to complete the activation of the corresponding cultural schema at the right moment. At the same time, the realization of the pleasant feeling needs the best novel realization, that is, the recognition of a certain one. To stimulate the novelty and complete the familiarity with the stimulus. Finally, in order to deal with this obstacle, the author puts forward the corresponding solving strategy. Chapter 6 is the summary of the whole thesis, and concludes the main findings, revelation and deficiencies of this study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H313;H13
本文編號：2308670
[Abstract]:As an important form of art and interpersonal communication, humor prevails in social life. With the increasingly frequent exchange of countries, the cross-cultural communication of humor is imperative. Humor often contains rich cultural connotation, so it is not only a language concept, but also a cultural phenomenon. However, the study on humor in intercultural understanding and communication does not Therefore, with the aid of cultural schema theory and best novel hypothesis theory, this paper intends to explore the interpretation and dissemination of humor humor from the perspective of cognition and culture. "Problem. A cultural schema refers to a knowledge structure of a culture that is stored by the human brain through previous experience. Once activated, it can be used to sense and understand each of the human societies." A cultural phenomenon. Different cultural groups can form different cultures. Because human beings have some common cognition and psychological mechanism, they enjoy common experience and cognition for some things; by integrating these common understandings, the cultural icons owned by different cultural groups form each other. However, different nationalities have their own characteristics in many ways, which leads to the possibility that they have different understandings of the same thing, and these different understandings form each other in their respective cultural patterns At the same time, the unique cultural contents of different cultural groups have led to the existence of each other in their cultural schema. Through the comparison between English and Chinese cultural schemata, this paper divides the cultural schema which plays an important role in the understanding of humor understanding into four different types (schema and part corresponding to each other). the corresponding schema, conflicting schema, and missing schema) and applying a large number of English and Chinese humorous examples to it The successful interpretation of humor requires the author and receiver of humor to enjoy the same cultural schema so that the receiver can identify and fill out by activating the corresponding schema part. Lack of cultural information. That is to say, the corresponding cultural schema is successfully activated at the right time. The successful interpretation of forensic humor. At the same time, according to the best novel hypothesis, the sense of pleasure can only be realized at the time of the best novel realization, that is, the receiver must be able to identify the novelty of a stimulus, and at the same time be able to complete the stimulation related to the stimulus. Familiarity with automatic backtracking. Cultural schemata and best novel common sense of humor When humor includes the cultural connotation that another cultural group can't understand or understand correctly, the humor will It is impossible to understand and understand each other in the cultural schema necessary for understanding English and Chinese speech humor, which leads to a failure to interpret each other's humor. Therefore, the culture-specific humor is composed of humor. In order to solve this problem, this study puts forward corresponding countermeasures: to promote the consciousness of cross-cultural schema, to accumulate the cultural schema knowledge of other cultural groups and to appreciate the difference. Keep a wide range of humor in the domain A state of mind. The full text is divided into six chapters. Chapter II introduces the significance and research framework of this study. Chapter 3 puts forward the theoretical basis of this study: cultural schema theory. The theory and the best novel hypothesis, and point out this text mining The purpose of this paper is to compare and analyze the cultural schema required by English and Chinese speech humor, and divide it into four types, that is, each other. the drawings, parts corresponding to the drawings, conflicting figures, and missing figures. It is because the interpretation of humor needs to complete the activation of the corresponding cultural schema at the right moment. At the same time, the realization of the pleasant feeling needs the best novel realization, that is, the recognition of a certain one. To stimulate the novelty and complete the familiarity with the stimulus. Finally, in order to deal with this obstacle, the author puts forward the corresponding solving strategy. Chapter 6 is the summary of the whole thesis, and concludes the main findings, revelation and deficiencies of this study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H313;H13
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