【摘要】：殘疾人是社會(huì)的特殊群體。長(zhǎng)期以來，，殘疾人群體受到生理因素的制約和影響，難以正常參與社會(huì)，生活水平較低，就業(yè)困難。因此，殘疾人群體也就成為了各級(jí)黨委政府和社會(huì)各界關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)對(duì)象。在幫助殘疾人實(shí)現(xiàn)融入社會(huì)這個(gè)目標(biāo)的過程中，除了要采取教育、康復(fù)、培訓(xùn)等手段以外，還需要為殘疾人搭建與社會(huì)進(jìn)行信息溝通的平臺(tái)和橋梁，特別是對(duì)于聽力殘疾人來說，這是尤為重要的。 按照現(xiàn)代語言翻譯學(xué)的分類方式，手語翻譯是一種視覺語言翻譯方式，即綜合運(yùn)用和調(diào)動(dòng)手勢(shì)、肢體動(dòng)作、表情等要素，為聽力殘疾人提供信息編碼和譯碼的過程。對(duì)于聽力殘疾人來說，手語是他們連接外部世界的紐帶和橋梁。為了更好地為聽力殘疾人提供服務(wù)，迫切需要全社會(huì)構(gòu)建手語信息翻譯支持系統(tǒng)，為這部分殘障人士提供獲取外部信息的渠道。 2012年，大連市為進(jìn)一步推廣和普及手語培訓(xùn)工作，將手語翻譯員列入大連市統(tǒng)一規(guī)范的新職業(yè)鑒定工種，此舉填補(bǔ)了大連市手語翻譯專業(yè)（工種）鑒定的空白，推進(jìn)了無障礙環(huán)境建設(shè)，為殘疾人平等參與社會(huì)生活提供有力的保障。同時(shí)，大連市也成為東三省首家開展五級(jí)手語翻譯員職業(yè)技能鑒定工作的城市。 大連市手語培訓(xùn)工作由市殘疾人職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)中心負(fù)責(zé)，主要經(jīng)歷了兩個(gè)發(fā)展階段，第一各階段在2012年之前，主要以普及型手語培訓(xùn)和專業(yè)型手語培訓(xùn)為主。第二個(gè)階段是2012年至今，手語培訓(xùn)則以普及型手語培訓(xùn)、專業(yè)型手語培訓(xùn)以及手語翻譯員認(rèn)證培訓(xùn)三種形式并存。目前大連市手語培訓(xùn)主要存在著聽力殘疾人對(duì)培訓(xùn)總體情況不滿意、培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)專業(yè)化水平較低、手語翻譯員鑒定工作社會(huì)認(rèn)知度嚴(yán)重不足、手語翻譯員職業(yè)技能鑒定經(jīng)費(fèi)制度尚未建立、社會(huì)公共手語服務(wù)的覆蓋面嚴(yán)重不足等一系列問題。為了有效解決這些問題，本研究提出了進(jìn)一步提高各類手語培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)的專業(yè)化水平、加強(qiáng)手語培訓(xùn)師資隊(duì)伍培養(yǎng)力度、加大手語培訓(xùn)經(jīng)費(fèi)投入、完善手語翻譯員認(rèn)證制度、全面優(yōu)化社會(huì)環(huán)境等對(duì)策和建議，為相關(guān)部門提供借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:The disabled are a special group in society. For a long time, the disabled group is restricted and influenced by physiological factors, it is difficult to participate in the society normally, the living standard is low, and the employment is difficult. Therefore, the disabled groups have become the focus of attention at all levels of party committees and governments and social sectors. In the process of helping persons with disabilities to achieve the goal of social integration, in addition to education, rehabilitation, training and other means, it is also necessary to build platforms and bridges for persons with disabilities to communicate with society. This is especially important for people with hearing disabilities. According to the classification of modern language translation, sign language translation is a visual language translation method, that is, the comprehensive use and mobilization of gestures, body movements, expressions and other elements to provide information coding and decoding process for the hearing disabled. For the hearing disabled, sign language is the link and bridge for them to connect to the outside world. In order to better provide services for persons with hearing disabilities, there is an urgent need for the entire society to build sign language information translation support systems to provide access to external information for this group of disabled persons. In 2012, In order to further promote and popularize sign language training in Dalian City, sign language interpreters have been included in the new standardized new professional appraisal work in Dalian City, which has filled the gap in the identification of sign language interpretation major (job types) in Dalian City. Promote the construction of barrier-free environment and provide a strong guarantee for the equal participation of disabled people in social life. Dalian has also become the first city in the three eastern provinces to carry out five-level sign language translator vocational skills appraisal. Dalian sign language training center is responsible for the training of vocational skills of the disabled, which has experienced two stages of development. The first stage is before 2012, mainly by the popular sign language training and professional sign language training. The second stage is from 2012 to present. The three forms of sign language training include universal sign language training, professional sign language training and sign language interpreter certification training. At present, there are major problems in sign language training in Dalian, such as people with hearing disabilities are not satisfied with the overall situation of the training, the level of specialization of training institutions is relatively low, and the social recognition of sign language interpreter identification work is seriously inadequate. There are a series of problems such as lack of coverage of social public sign language services and so on. In order to solve these problems effectively, this study proposed to further improve the professional level of all kinds of sign language training institutions, strengthen the training of sign language teachers, increase the funding for sign language training, and improve the certification system of sign language translators. Comprehensive optimization of the social environment and other countermeasures and suggestions for relevant departments to provide reference and reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H126.3

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