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【摘要】：現(xiàn)代漢語中有一種特殊構(gòu)式“X什么X”，，如“看什么看”。本文在對該構(gòu)式的特征進(jìn)行考察的基礎(chǔ)上，探討該構(gòu)式的構(gòu)式義與一些句法與語用的特征，并且進(jìn)一步論證該構(gòu)式與相關(guān)構(gòu)式的異同。 第一章通過對以往相關(guān)研究的回顧明確本文的研究對象、意義和研究設(shè)想。 第二章對構(gòu)式本身進(jìn)行分析，展示其組成的構(gòu)式語塊，該構(gòu)式有兩個構(gòu)式語塊“什么”與“X”，構(gòu)式中的“X”主要由謂詞充當(dāng)，但是經(jīng)過考察我們發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著構(gòu)式的發(fā)展其他的詞類也有資格進(jìn)入該構(gòu)式。還研究了構(gòu)式前后的“NP”對構(gòu)式義的影響，最后把該構(gòu)式的構(gòu)式一總結(jié)為“說話人基于對他人行為、觀點(diǎn)的主觀性否定，通過移情轉(zhuǎn)化為在言語行為上對對方的行為、觀點(diǎn)實(shí)施否定性祈使�！� 第三章考察該構(gòu)式的演變，說明其典型成員與非典型成員�！癤什么X”構(gòu)式的典型構(gòu)式是“X”為謂詞，“X”為其他的詞類都屬于該構(gòu)式的非典型構(gòu)式，如果“什么”前后兩個“X”不相同就是該構(gòu)式最不典型的構(gòu)式。關(guān)于該構(gòu)式的演變軌道是來自“X什么”構(gòu)式的重疊形式“X什么X什么”�！癤什么”重疊后就實(shí)現(xiàn)一種強(qiáng)調(diào)的語氣，而后“什么”省略后就實(shí)現(xiàn)一種“語言經(jīng)濟(jì)性”的原則。 第四章通過和相關(guān)構(gòu)式—“什么X”、“什么X不X”與“有什么A的”說明雖然構(gòu)式義比較接近但是不能說完全是相同，也就證明“X什么X”構(gòu)式的構(gòu)式義并不是“什么”賦予的。 第五章介紹“X什么X”構(gòu)式和“別X”構(gòu)式在語義、語用和句法上的異同。兩者都屬于祈使句的范疇，我們認(rèn)為它屬于該范疇的非典型成員，而“別X”構(gòu)式是該范疇的一個典型成員。 第六章作為本文的結(jié)余
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, there is a special construction "X what X", such as "what to look at". On the basis of investigating the characteristics of the construction, this paper discusses the construction meaning and some syntactic and pragmatic features of the construction, and further demonstrates the similarities and differences between the construction and the related construction. The first chapter clarifies the research object, significance and research assumption by reviewing the previous related research. The second chapter analyzes the construction itself and shows the construction chunks which consist of two constructions: what and X, in which "X" is mainly used by predicates. However, after investigation, we find that other parts of speech are qualified to enter the construction with the development of construction. The influence of "NP" before and after construction on the construction meaning is also studied. Finally, the construction of the construction is summed up as "the speaker based on the behavior of others, the subjective negation of the point of view, which is transformed by empathy into the behavior of the other person in the speech act." A point of view carries out a negative imperative. " In chapter 3, the evolution of the construction is investigated, and it is shown that the typical construction of "X what X" construction is "X" as predicate, and "X" belongs to the non-typical construction of this construction. If "what" before and after two "X" is not the same is the construction of the most atypical construction. The evolution orbit of the construction is derived from the overlapping form of the "X what" construction "X what". After the "X what" overlap, the tone of emphasis is achieved. Then the "what" is omitted and the principle of "language economy" is realized. The fourth chapter, through and related constructions "what X", "what X not X" and "what A", although the construction meaning is relatively close, can not be said to be exactly the same. It is proved that the construction meaning of X-what-X-construction is not given by "what". Chapter five introduces the semantic, pragmatic and syntactic similarities and differences between X and X constructions. Both belong to the category of imperative sentence. We think that it belongs to the atypical member of this category, and the "different X" construction is a typical member of this category. Chapter VI as balance in this article
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

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