中韓常用漢字詞比較分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-20 11:19
【摘要】：中韓兩國(guó)同處于漢字文化圈內(nèi)，在韓國(guó)無論是人名、地名，還是政府公文、國(guó)號(hào)憲法都能看到漢字的存在。那么中國(guó)漢字和韓國(guó)漢字是否一樣，又有著什么樣的淵源？漢字是從什么時(shí)候開始進(jìn)入朝鮮半島，又經(jīng)歷了怎樣的變化和發(fā)展？韓國(guó)的常用漢字詞和中國(guó)的常用漢字詞之間有著怎樣的異同，這種異同對(duì)兩國(guó)語言學(xué)習(xí)者有那些利與弊？本論文將針對(duì)這些問題展開對(duì)中韓兩國(guó)常用漢字詞的比較分析。中韓兩國(guó)的漢字屬同宗同源，韓國(guó)之所以借用中國(guó)的漢字主要是由于古代朝鮮半島沒有自己真正意義上的文字，加之兩國(guó)特殊的地理、歷史關(guān)系，漢字就東渡傳到朝鮮半島。但是漢字進(jìn)入韓國(guó)以后發(fā)生了很多變化，在歷史的洗滌、社會(huì)的變遷、語言自身的演變過程中，漢字已經(jīng)深入到了韓國(guó)社會(huì)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，為廣大韓國(guó)民眾所接受。與此同時(shí)，韓國(guó)人在長(zhǎng)久的使用漢字的歷史中，也根據(jù)自身對(duì)漢字的掌握創(chuàng)造了韓國(guó)特有的漢字、漢字詞。而中國(guó)的漢字也經(jīng)歷了幾千年的演變，現(xiàn)代漢語中的漢字無論在形態(tài)上還是意義上都與古代漢字有些許的差異。因此，從語言的共時(shí)層面上看，現(xiàn)代漢語中的漢字詞和現(xiàn)代韓語中的漢字又會(huì)有著各自的特征。 本論文一共分為四個(gè)章節(jié)。在第一章“緒論”中，對(duì)中韓常用漢字研究的目的和意義等內(nèi)容作了簡(jiǎn)要的介紹。并系統(tǒng)的闡釋了以往研究的成果,指出了關(guān)于該課題日后需要研究的方向，，概述了本論文的研究范圍和研究方法。 在第二章“韓國(guó)使用漢字歷史的考察”中對(duì)韓國(guó)使用漢字的歷史和現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了比較系統(tǒng)的論述。首先從歷時(shí)的角度上對(duì)漢字進(jìn)入韓國(guó)的各個(gè)歷史發(fā)展階段進(jìn)行了概括，然后對(duì)漢字進(jìn)入韓國(guó)之后的變化從漢字的固有化、韓源漢字的衍生和日源漢字的借用三方面進(jìn)行論述，最后簡(jiǎn)要概述了韓國(guó)漢字的使用現(xiàn)狀。本章在研究方法的創(chuàng)新之處在于，從歷史角度入手分析韓國(guó)漢字的演變歷程，以引出漢字變異的原因。 第三章“中韓常用漢字的比較”是本論文的研究重點(diǎn)。漢字作為形、音、義的結(jié)合體傳入韓國(guó)并作為一種標(biāo)記語言在歷史上存在了很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，而韓國(guó)語言本身作為一種黏著語言將漢字納入自己的語言體系中必然會(huì)使得漢字從形態(tài)和意義等方面發(fā)生變化。本章從選定的863個(gè)漢字詞匯從形態(tài)和意義兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分類。并從中韓同形同義詞、同形異義詞、異形詞三個(gè)方面對(duì)兩國(guó)常用漢字詞的形態(tài)和意義進(jìn)行比較，歸納總結(jié)出漢字進(jìn)入韓國(guó)之后變化的特點(diǎn)，即意義上的擴(kuò)大、縮小、轉(zhuǎn)移；形態(tài)上的完全異形、部分異形。本章在研究方法上的創(chuàng)新之處在于，在對(duì)中韓常用漢字的比較分析中，嘗試尋找背后隱藏的共同特征，即韓國(guó)漢字變異的特點(diǎn)；此外本章通過對(duì)比研究希望為兩國(guó)外語學(xué)習(xí)者提供一定有建設(shè)性的建議。
[Abstract]:Both China and South Korea are in the cultural circle of Chinese characters. In South Korea, whether it is a person's name, a place name, or a government document, the existence of Chinese characters can be seen in the constitution of the state name. So whether Chinese characters and Korean characters are the same, and what kind of origin? When did the Chinese characters enter the Korean Peninsula and what changes and developments did they experience? What are the similarities and differences between the commonly used Chinese characters in South Korea and in China, and what are the advantages and disadvantages for the learners of the two languages? This thesis aims at these problems and makes a comparative analysis of Chinese characters used in China and South Korea. The Chinese characters of China and South Korea belong to the same lineage. The reason why South Korea borrows Chinese characters from China is mainly because the ancient Korean Peninsula did not have its own real characters, coupled with the special geographical and historical relationship between the two countries, and the Chinese characters passed eastward to the Korean Peninsula. However, many changes have taken place since the Chinese characters entered Korea. In the process of historical washing, social change and language itself evolution, Chinese characters have been deeply penetrated into various fields of Korean society and accepted by the majority of Korean people. At the same time, Korean people in the long history of using Chinese characters, but also according to their grasp of Chinese characters to create Korean unique Chinese characters, Chinese words. Chinese characters have also undergone thousands of years of evolution, modern Chinese characters in both form and meaning are somewhat different from ancient Chinese characters. Therefore, from the perspective of synchronic language, Chinese words in modern Chinese and Chinese characters in Korean have their own characteristics. This paper is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, "introduction", the purpose and significance of the study of Chinese characters in common use in China and South Korea are briefly introduced. It also systematically explains the previous research results, points out the direction of future research on this subject, and summarizes the research scope and research methods of this paper. In the second chapter, the history and present situation of using Chinese characters in Korea are systematically discussed. At first, the author generalizes the historical development stages of Chinese characters entering Korea from a diachronic point of view, and then discusses the changes of Chinese characters after entering Korea from three aspects: the inherent character of Chinese characters, the derivation of Hanyuan Chinese characters and the borrowing of Japanese characters. At last, the present situation of using Korean Chinese characters is briefly summarized. The innovation of the research method in this chapter is to analyze the evolution of Korean Chinese characters from the historical point of view, in order to elicit the reasons for the variation of Chinese characters. The third chapter, the comparison of Chinese characters in common use in China and South Korea, is the focus of this thesis. Chinese characters, as a combination of form, sound and meaning, were introduced into Korea and existed as a marker language for a long time in history. The Korean language itself, as a kind of adhesive language, will bring Chinese characters into its own language system, which will inevitably change the form and meaning of Chinese characters. This chapter classifies 863 Chinese characters in terms of form and meaning. And the Chinese and Korean homomorphic synonyms, isomorphic words, heteromorphic words, the two countries commonly used in the form and meaning of Chinese characters were compared, summed up the characteristics of changes after the Chinese character entered Korea, that is, the meaning of expansion, reduction, transfer; A complete or partial anomaly in form. The innovation of the research method in this chapter is that in the comparative analysis of common Chinese characters in China and South Korea, we try to find the common characteristics hidden behind them, that is, the characteristics of variation of Korean Chinese characters. In addition, this chapter hopes to provide some constructive suggestions for both foreign language learners through a comparative study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H55
本文編號(hào)：2283007
[Abstract]:Both China and South Korea are in the cultural circle of Chinese characters. In South Korea, whether it is a person's name, a place name, or a government document, the existence of Chinese characters can be seen in the constitution of the state name. So whether Chinese characters and Korean characters are the same, and what kind of origin? When did the Chinese characters enter the Korean Peninsula and what changes and developments did they experience? What are the similarities and differences between the commonly used Chinese characters in South Korea and in China, and what are the advantages and disadvantages for the learners of the two languages? This thesis aims at these problems and makes a comparative analysis of Chinese characters used in China and South Korea. The Chinese characters of China and South Korea belong to the same lineage. The reason why South Korea borrows Chinese characters from China is mainly because the ancient Korean Peninsula did not have its own real characters, coupled with the special geographical and historical relationship between the two countries, and the Chinese characters passed eastward to the Korean Peninsula. However, many changes have taken place since the Chinese characters entered Korea. In the process of historical washing, social change and language itself evolution, Chinese characters have been deeply penetrated into various fields of Korean society and accepted by the majority of Korean people. At the same time, Korean people in the long history of using Chinese characters, but also according to their grasp of Chinese characters to create Korean unique Chinese characters, Chinese words. Chinese characters have also undergone thousands of years of evolution, modern Chinese characters in both form and meaning are somewhat different from ancient Chinese characters. Therefore, from the perspective of synchronic language, Chinese words in modern Chinese and Chinese characters in Korean have their own characteristics. This paper is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, "introduction", the purpose and significance of the study of Chinese characters in common use in China and South Korea are briefly introduced. It also systematically explains the previous research results, points out the direction of future research on this subject, and summarizes the research scope and research methods of this paper. In the second chapter, the history and present situation of using Chinese characters in Korea are systematically discussed. At first, the author generalizes the historical development stages of Chinese characters entering Korea from a diachronic point of view, and then discusses the changes of Chinese characters after entering Korea from three aspects: the inherent character of Chinese characters, the derivation of Hanyuan Chinese characters and the borrowing of Japanese characters. At last, the present situation of using Korean Chinese characters is briefly summarized. The innovation of the research method in this chapter is to analyze the evolution of Korean Chinese characters from the historical point of view, in order to elicit the reasons for the variation of Chinese characters. The third chapter, the comparison of Chinese characters in common use in China and South Korea, is the focus of this thesis. Chinese characters, as a combination of form, sound and meaning, were introduced into Korea and existed as a marker language for a long time in history. The Korean language itself, as a kind of adhesive language, will bring Chinese characters into its own language system, which will inevitably change the form and meaning of Chinese characters. This chapter classifies 863 Chinese characters in terms of form and meaning. And the Chinese and Korean homomorphic synonyms, isomorphic words, heteromorphic words, the two countries commonly used in the form and meaning of Chinese characters were compared, summed up the characteristics of changes after the Chinese character entered Korea, that is, the meaning of expansion, reduction, transfer; A complete or partial anomaly in form. The innovation of the research method in this chapter is that in the comparative analysis of common Chinese characters in China and South Korea, we try to find the common characteristics hidden behind them, that is, the characteristics of variation of Korean Chinese characters. In addition, this chapter hopes to provide some constructive suggestions for both foreign language learners through a comparative study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H55
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