【摘要】：漢語(yǔ)“吃”與博茨瓦納語(yǔ)“Ja”是各自語(yǔ)言里一個(gè)很常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞,因此漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)家很早開(kāi)始就從三個(gè)平面角度對(duì)“吃”進(jìn)行的研究。漢語(yǔ)“吃”和博茨瓦納語(yǔ)的“Ja”帶賓語(yǔ)是很復(fù)雜的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象。 本文對(duì)漢語(yǔ)“吃”和博茨瓦納語(yǔ)“Ja”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)的基本義、派生義、隱喻、轉(zhuǎn)喻等現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行考察與研究。全文主要內(nèi)容如下： 一、在句法功能方面,“吃”與“Ja”都作謂語(yǔ),是句子的核心,分析二者在兩種語(yǔ)言中的搭配功能,如“吃”與名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞的組合。在兩種語(yǔ)言中“吃”與名詞搭配頻率比較高,“吃”與動(dòng)詞搭配頻率比較低。接下來(lái)分析“吃”作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)主語(yǔ)的選擇機(jī)制。這些名詞性成分哪些能作主語(yǔ),哪些能作賓語(yǔ)是由語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用者選擇的主觀視點(diǎn)決定的。 二、漢語(yǔ)“吃+0”與博茨瓦納語(yǔ)“Ja+O”的基本義和派生義考察。根據(jù)詞典分類(lèi)描寫(xiě)漢語(yǔ)“吃”的基本義和派生義,歸納博茨瓦納語(yǔ)“Ja”的基本義和派生義,并對(duì)比分析漢語(yǔ)“吃”與博茨瓦納語(yǔ)“Ja”基本義和派生義的共性和區(qū)別。 三、對(duì)漢語(yǔ)“吃+0”與博茨瓦納語(yǔ)“Ja+O”的隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻用法分進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,總結(jié)漢語(yǔ)“吃+0”與博茨瓦納語(yǔ)“Ja+0”隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻用法的共同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)。 文章最后一章為結(jié)語(yǔ),總結(jié)全文內(nèi)容并指出文章存在的不足。
[Abstract]:Chinese "eat" and "Ja" are very common verbs in their respective languages. Chinese "eat" and "Ja" in Botswana with object are very complicated grammatical phenomena. This paper investigates and studies the basic meaning, derivative meaning, metaphor and metonymy of the verb-object structure made up of Chinese "eating" and "Ja" in Botswana. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first, in syntactic function, "eat" and "Ja" are predicates, which are the core of the sentence. The collocation functions of the two languages are analyzed, such as the combination of "eat" and nouns, adjectives and verbs. In the two languages, "eat" and noun collocation are higher, and "eat" and verb collocation are lower. Then it analyzes the selection mechanism of the subject when eating is the predicate. Which of these nominal elements can be used as subject and which can be used as object is determined by the subjective point of view chosen by the language user. Second, the basic meaning and derivative meaning of Chinese "eat 0" and Botswana language "Ja O". This paper describes the basic meaning and derivative meaning of "eat" in Chinese according to the dictionary classification, sums up the basic meaning and derivative meaning of "Ja" in Botswana, and compares and analyzes the commonness and difference between the basic meaning and derivative meaning of "eat" in Chinese and "Ja" in Botswana. Thirdly, a comparative analysis of metonymy and metonymy between "eat 0" and "Ja O" in Chinese and Botswana is made, and the similarities and differences between Chinese "eating 0" and "Ja 0" in metaphor and metonymy are summarized. The last chapter is the conclusion, which summarizes the content of the article and points out the shortcomings of the article.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H04

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本文編號(hào)：2273684