認知語境對隱喻理解的影響研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-13 06:06
【摘要】：作為一種語言現象,隱喻普遍存在于我們的生活之中,形成我們的概念系統,在人類的思維和認知活動中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。在隱喻的研究中,隱喻理解是重要的一個部分,而隱喻的理解離不開語境的參與。本文在評述前人對隱喻研究的基礎上,運用斯珀伯和威爾森關聯理論中認知語境的理論來研究認知語境在隱喻理解過程中的作用。 傳統的語境觀把一切語境因素歸納為具體的語境,并認為語境在交際行為發(fā)生之前已經給定了,是一種靜態(tài)的語境觀。關聯理論突破了傳統的語境觀,把語境看成是一個心理結構體,交際者通過經驗或思維把相關的具體語境內在化、認知化,即形成認知語境。根據關聯理論,隱喻的理解過程是聽話者根據相關原則,以最小的加工努力在自己的認知語境中選擇出最具語境效應的假設,以此來推導出說話者隱含的信息意圖,也就是說隱喻的理解過程實際是認知語境的選擇過程。 本文首先對隱喻的研究作了簡要的回顧,進而展現了關聯理論在闡釋隱喻方面的獨特視角。在理論框架的部分,論文重點論述了關聯理論的隱喻觀。認知語境與隱喻理解的研究部分則詳細探討了認知語境的構成要素和主要特征及隱喻理解的機制。本文重點分析了認知語境對隱喻理解的影響,其中把認知語境分為語言知識、情景知識、背景知識、文化知識和認知能力五個部分。在語言知識的介紹中,論文分析并闡釋了如何運用其中的詞匯知識和語篇知識來理解隱喻。關于情景知識,本文主要分析了場景和話題對于隱喻理解的影響。背景知識,特別是專業(yè)知識,在科技隱喻中起的關鍵作用在文中也被詳細闡釋。文化知識部分主要闡述了時代特征、動物形象、宗教影響三個方面對隱喻理解的作用。認知能力雖然不能直接參與認知語境的選擇,但它直接影響了人類認知語境的構成,因此在隱喻理解過程中起到了很重要的作用。結合實例,論文分別分析了認知語境各個構成要素對隱喻理解的影響。通過認知語境對隱喻理解影響的分析,本文還得到了在閱讀教學中提高文化感知和辨識能力的啟示。 本文以關聯理論為框架,結合豐富的實例,通過認知語境各個要素對于隱喻理解的影響研究,旨在說明認知語境的選擇過程決定了隱喻的理解過程,同時認知語境的感知程度決定了隱喻的理解程度。認知語境有助于隱喻研究的深化,可以使我們更好的了解交際者之間是如何表達和理解隱喻的,同時論文也進一步驗證了關聯理論強大的解釋力。
[Abstract]:As a linguistic phenomenon metaphor generally exists in our lives and forms our conceptual system which plays an important role in human thinking and cognitive activities. In the study of metaphor, the understanding of metaphor is an important part, and the understanding of metaphor can not be separated from the participation of context. On the basis of a review of previous studies on metaphor, this paper uses the cognitive context theory in Sperber's and Wilson's relevance Theory to study the role of cognitive context in the process of metaphorical understanding. The traditional view of context classifies all contextual factors into concrete context and holds that context is a static context view given before the occurrence of communicative behavior. Relevance theory breaks through the traditional view of context, regards context as a psychological structure, and communicators internalize and cognize the specific context through experience or thinking, that is, to form a cognitive context. According to relevance theory, the process of understanding metaphor is that the hearer, in accordance with the relevant principles, makes a minimum effort to select the hypothesis with the most contextual effect in his cognitive context, so as to deduce the implied information intention of the speaker. That is to say, the process of understanding metaphor is actually the process of choosing cognitive context. This paper first reviews the study of metaphor and then reveals the unique perspective of relevance theory in the interpretation of metaphor. In the theoretical framework, the thesis focuses on the metaphorical view of relevance theory. In the part of cognitive context and metaphorical understanding, the elements and main features of cognitive context and the mechanism of metaphorical understanding are discussed in detail. This paper focuses on the impact of cognitive context on metaphorical understanding. The cognitive context is divided into five parts: language knowledge, situational knowledge, background knowledge, cultural knowledge and cognitive ability. In the introduction of linguistic knowledge, the thesis analyzes and explains how to use the lexical knowledge and textual knowledge to understand metaphor. As for situational knowledge, this paper mainly analyzes the influence of scene and topic on metaphor understanding. Background knowledge, especially professional knowledge, plays a key role in science and technology metaphor. In the part of cultural knowledge, the author expounds the influence of times, animal image and religion on metaphor understanding. Cognitive ability can not directly participate in the choice of cognitive context, but it directly affects the formation of human cognitive context, so it plays an important role in the process of metaphor understanding. Combined with examples, the paper analyzes the influence of cognitive context on metaphor understanding. Through the analysis of the influence of cognitive context on metaphorical understanding, this paper also gets the enlightenment of improving cultural perception and identification ability in reading teaching. Based on the theory of relevance and the abundant examples, this paper aims to explain that the process of cognitive context determines the process of metaphorical understanding through the study of the influence of each element of cognitive context on metaphorical understanding. At the same time, the perception of cognitive context determines the understanding of metaphor. Cognitive context is helpful to the study of metaphor, which can help us to better understand how metaphors express and understand metaphor among communicators. Meanwhile, the thesis further verifies the powerful explanatory power of relevance theory.
【學位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H05
本文編號：2240302
[Abstract]:As a linguistic phenomenon metaphor generally exists in our lives and forms our conceptual system which plays an important role in human thinking and cognitive activities. In the study of metaphor, the understanding of metaphor is an important part, and the understanding of metaphor can not be separated from the participation of context. On the basis of a review of previous studies on metaphor, this paper uses the cognitive context theory in Sperber's and Wilson's relevance Theory to study the role of cognitive context in the process of metaphorical understanding. The traditional view of context classifies all contextual factors into concrete context and holds that context is a static context view given before the occurrence of communicative behavior. Relevance theory breaks through the traditional view of context, regards context as a psychological structure, and communicators internalize and cognize the specific context through experience or thinking, that is, to form a cognitive context. According to relevance theory, the process of understanding metaphor is that the hearer, in accordance with the relevant principles, makes a minimum effort to select the hypothesis with the most contextual effect in his cognitive context, so as to deduce the implied information intention of the speaker. That is to say, the process of understanding metaphor is actually the process of choosing cognitive context. This paper first reviews the study of metaphor and then reveals the unique perspective of relevance theory in the interpretation of metaphor. In the theoretical framework, the thesis focuses on the metaphorical view of relevance theory. In the part of cognitive context and metaphorical understanding, the elements and main features of cognitive context and the mechanism of metaphorical understanding are discussed in detail. This paper focuses on the impact of cognitive context on metaphorical understanding. The cognitive context is divided into five parts: language knowledge, situational knowledge, background knowledge, cultural knowledge and cognitive ability. In the introduction of linguistic knowledge, the thesis analyzes and explains how to use the lexical knowledge and textual knowledge to understand metaphor. As for situational knowledge, this paper mainly analyzes the influence of scene and topic on metaphor understanding. Background knowledge, especially professional knowledge, plays a key role in science and technology metaphor. In the part of cultural knowledge, the author expounds the influence of times, animal image and religion on metaphor understanding. Cognitive ability can not directly participate in the choice of cognitive context, but it directly affects the formation of human cognitive context, so it plays an important role in the process of metaphor understanding. Combined with examples, the paper analyzes the influence of cognitive context on metaphor understanding. Through the analysis of the influence of cognitive context on metaphorical understanding, this paper also gets the enlightenment of improving cultural perception and identification ability in reading teaching. Based on the theory of relevance and the abundant examples, this paper aims to explain that the process of cognitive context determines the process of metaphorical understanding through the study of the influence of each element of cognitive context on metaphorical understanding. At the same time, the perception of cognitive context determines the understanding of metaphor. Cognitive context is helpful to the study of metaphor, which can help us to better understand how metaphors express and understand metaphor among communicators. Meanwhile, the thesis further verifies the powerful explanatory power of relevance theory.
【學位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H05
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