委婉語研究的心智哲學(xué)視角
[Abstract]:Euphemism is a ubiquitous linguistic phenomenon, which means to substitute a mild form of expression for a less "pleasant" one. Since its inception, it has assumed the responsibility of "lubricating" communication. In daily social communication activities, euphemism has not only become an important means of communication for people to express their thoughts and feelings. It plays an important role in the construction of a harmonious society.
Early scholars mostly made descriptive or prescriptive researches on euphemism from the aspects of definition, classification and aesthetic effect. There are many schools of linguistics, many scholars, especially semantics, pragmatists, cognitive linguists, etc. borrowed the corresponding theories and put forward different explanatory schemes for euphemism, which have strong explanatory power and innovation. Sex also leaves a valuable legacy for the study of euphemism in the future. However, they seldom touch on the generation and understanding of euphemism. The collected corpus is also about some very old-fashioned topics, such as death, disease, sex, body parts and so on, which have been discussed many times. This paper summarizes many scholars'opinions on Euphemism in China. On the basis of many viewpoints in the study of euphemism, this paper attempts to explain why euphemism is possible within the framework of psycho-philosophical theory of linguistic study, starting from the emergence of euphemism in the new era.
Philosophy of mind is the first philosophy in the 21st century, which studies the relationship between body and mind. Unlike philosophy of language, philosophy of mind no longer regards language activities as the object of study directly confronted by philosophy, but regards language activities as the reflection of mental activities, which is the object of philosophy of mind; language is the "window" to observe mind. Through this window we can see how the human mind works. There is a intersection point between the philosophy of mind and the study of language. Therefore, we can draw on the positive results that can be used in the study of language in the philosophy of mind, and make the study of language take on a new look.
In the exploration of philosophy of mind and language research, Xu Shenghuan put forward three hypotheses for language use.
(1) the most basic character of language is that language is based on mind.
(2) expression of sensory perception is the basis of language use.
(3) language representation is mental representation.
Based on these three hypotheses, this paper, from the perspective of philosophy of mind, describes the mental activities involved in the process of euphemism generation and comprehension under the framework of philosophy of mind in the study of euphemism. From the mental level, it reveals that euphemism can be responded to mainly by means of the concepts of intentionality, Mind-Matter attachment and feeling quality. This study is divided into two parts: the generation process and the understanding process. The generation process is divided into the referential process and the selection process.
The whole process is as follows:
First, intentionality plays a very important guiding role in the use of language, and it is undoubtedly the same with euphemism. It is the starting point of a series of mental activities in the speaker's mind, which determines the speaker's intentional attitude (for example, when using euphemism is taboo) and intentional content (physical events that need to be tabooed). Otherwise, we will not be able to proceed. Not to mention the activities of world involvement, not to mention euphemistic communication.
Secondly, it is well known that there may be more than one euphemism to replace the same "real word", but the speaker usually chooses only one alternative word to achieve the purpose of euphemism. The key role? This answer has a lot to do with Mind-Matter attachment. Mind-matter attachment is an important mental process in people's minds. Under the influence of the speaker's free will, a new expression with euphemism emerges in the speaker's mind, that is, euphemism.
Thirdly, how does the listener understand these "euphemisms"? What kind of feelings can he get from such words? The answers to these questions need to rely on the receptivity. The receptivity is a state of mind, which is based on the psychological process of Mind-Matter attachment. The listener has a certain sense of feeling, triggering some positive affirmation and upward feeling.
In a word, intentionality, attachment and feeling are the theoretical basis of this thesis. With these theories, we can give a clear explanation of the mechanism of euphemism production and understanding in the framework of philosophy of mind.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:H030
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