發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-08 06:40

【摘要】：隱喻研究一直吸引著語(yǔ)言學(xué)家的關(guān)注。在傳統(tǒng)研究中，隱喻僅僅被認(rèn)作一種語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象，一種用于修飾語(yǔ)言的修辭手段。后起的認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)則認(rèn)為，隱喻不僅是一種語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象，還是人類普遍存在的一種認(rèn)知現(xiàn)象。1980年萊柯夫和約翰遜提出概念隱喻理論，認(rèn)為隱喻的本質(zhì)是利用一種事物來(lái)理解另一事物。他們認(rèn)為，隱喻是從始源域到目標(biāo)域的映射，是基于身體體驗(yàn)的認(rèn)知工具，普遍存在于人類的日常生活和語(yǔ)言中。但是，詩(shī)歌中的隱喻通常被當(dāng)作一種修辭手段來(lái)研究。本文選取新的認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)視角，對(duì)詩(shī)歌中的花隱喻進(jìn)行研究。 本文在回顧相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)后，以概念隱喻理論和認(rèn)知范疇化理論為依據(jù)，，嘗試對(duì)英漢詩(shī)歌中的花隱喻做一個(gè)對(duì)比研究。作者從400首漢語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌和400首英語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌中分別選取大量包含花意象的詩(shī)句，以此為研究語(yǔ)料。目的是系統(tǒng)分析花隱喻的跨域映射，并且總結(jié)英漢詩(shī)歌中花隱喻的異同及原因。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：1)人們?cè)趯?duì)具體事物、抽象概念甚至是人類自身的概念化過(guò)程中花隱喻起到重要的作用，因此花隱喻常常應(yīng)用于英漢詩(shī)歌中。在花隱喻的幫助下，讀者更容易理解抽象概念，比如對(duì)悲傷和愛(ài)情的理解。2)英漢詩(shī)歌中的花隱喻既有相似之處，又有不同之處�；ㄏ蛉祟愑成鋾r(shí)，英語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌和漢語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌共享目標(biāo)域主要有人的外貌、生命或青春。然而，英語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌通常以玫瑰花、茉莉花、雛菊和紫羅蘭等為始源域，而漢語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌則通常以桃花、荷花、梨花、牡丹等為始源域。3)受到中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)思想“天人合一”的影響，漢語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌比英語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌更擅用花意象。英語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌特有的一個(gè)概念隱喻是“愿望是花”，而漢語(yǔ)詩(shī)歌則比較傾向于用花來(lái)隱喻人類的品格。英漢詩(shī)歌中花隱喻的共同點(diǎn)源于人類的認(rèn)知共性，而不同點(diǎn)則源于文化差異。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)英漢詩(shī)歌中花隱喻的認(rèn)知對(duì)比研究，一方面為概念隱喻理論和范疇化理論提供了跨語(yǔ)言的證據(jù)，另一方面本研究將會(huì)有助于英漢詩(shī)歌的學(xué)習(xí)及理解。
[Abstract]:The study of metaphor has always attracted the attention of linguists. In traditional studies, metaphor is considered only as a linguistic phenomenon, a rhetorical device used to modify language. Later cognitive linguistics holds that metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a universal cognitive phenomenon. Lakoff and Johnson put forward conceptual metaphor theory in 1980. The essence of metaphor is to use one thing to understand another. They believe that metaphor is a mapping from the origin domain to the target domain, and it is a cognitive tool based on physical experience, which is widely used in human daily life and language. However, metaphor in poetry is usually studied as a rhetorical device. This paper studies flower metaphors in poetry from a new perspective of cognitive linguistics. Based on the theories of conceptual metaphor and cognitive categorization, this paper attempts to make a comparative study of flower metaphors in English and Chinese poetry. From 400 Chinese poems and 400 English poems, the author selects a large number of poems containing flower images as the research corpus. The purpose is to systematically analyze the cross-domain mapping of flower metaphors and to summarize the similarities and differences of flower metaphors in English and Chinese poetry and their causes. The study finds that flower metaphors play an important role in the process of conceptualization of concrete things abstract concepts and even human beings. Therefore flower metaphors are often used in English and Chinese poetry. With the help of flower metaphors, it is easier for readers to understand abstract concepts, such as sadness and love. 2) there are similarities and differences in flower metaphors in English and Chinese poetry. When flowers map to human beings, English poetry and Chinese poetry share the main target domain of people's appearance, life or youth. However, English poetry is usually originated from roses, jasmine, daisy and violet, while Chinese poetry usually takes peach blossom, lotus flower, pear flower and peony as the origin domain. 3) it is influenced by the traditional Chinese philosophy thought of "the unity of nature and man". Chinese poetry is better at using flower imagery than English poetry. One of the unique conceptual metaphors in English poetry is "wish is flower", while Chinese poetry tends to use flowers to metaphor human character. The common denominator of flower metaphors in English and Chinese poetry originates from the cognitive commonness of human beings, while the difference stems from cultural differences. Based on the cognitive contrastive study of flower metaphors in English and Chinese poetry, this thesis provides cross-linguistic evidence for conceptual metaphor theory and categorization theory, on the other hand, this study will contribute to the study and understanding of English and Chinese poetry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H05

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