【摘要】：起初，幽默的研究只限于美學(xué)、心理學(xué)、社會學(xué)及哲學(xué)領(lǐng)域。隨著時代的進(jìn)步，幽默在交際中起著越來越重要的作用，，不少語言學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)可以借助語言學(xué)理論解釋幽默的生成機(jī)制。近年來，隨著全球化的發(fā)展，世界各國之間的交流越來越頻繁。不同的國家有不同的文化背景，由此帶來的文化沖突與碰撞也越來越明顯。由于文化背景的不同，中西方幽默也往往大異其趣。幽默不僅是一種娛樂手段，也是文化的一種特殊載體。它覆蓋了社會生活的方方面面，在人際交往中發(fā)揮著無可替代的作用。然而，目前對幽默的研究，很少從文化的視角切入。著名學(xué)者林語堂曾指出：幽默能帶我們進(jìn)入文化理解的深層境界。中文幽默背后蘊(yùn)含的是中國文化，而英文幽默承載的是西方文化。對于幽默的文化研究顯得日益迫切。 本研究正是從文化的視角研究幽默，旨在研究文化對幽默理解的影響，以及中英文言語幽默背后的文化蘊(yùn)含。在跨文化交流中，人們之所以不能有效地理解幽默，除卻某些語言因素外，更大的原因在于沒有接收到幽默背后的文化信息。 幽默已滲透到人們社會生活的方方面面，所以本研究的語料來源廣泛，包括書籍、雜志、報(bào)紙、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等。本研究選取了有代表性的中英文言語幽默各15篇進(jìn)行對比分析，主要探討了幽默產(chǎn)生的原因、文化因素對幽默理解的影響、中英文言語幽默背后的文化因素的不同點(diǎn)以及幽默的作用等問題，旨在揭示幽默的文化內(nèi)涵及其在幽默理解中的作用。 本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)幽默效果的產(chǎn)生跟文化有很大關(guān)聯(lián)，文化是幽默的來源，文化因素對幽默的理解有很大的影響，這些影響主要表現(xiàn)在文字的技巧性應(yīng)用、傳統(tǒng)信仰、歷史事件、民族心理和社會習(xí)俗五個方面。幽默具有娛樂、社會和文化的功能。娛樂功能是幽默最基本的功能，即幽默向人們提供快樂，使人發(fā)笑和放松。幽默的社會功能，即在社會交往中幽默充當(dāng)潤滑劑的作用縮短人們之間的距離，促進(jìn)人際交往，營造和諧的人際關(guān)系。幽默的文化功能，即幽默能向人們傳遞文化信息，能作為學(xué)習(xí)文化的途徑，促進(jìn)國家之間的文化交流。 本研究的研究意義在于幽默中的文化因素對跨文化交際、外語教學(xué)及外語學(xué)習(xí)的作用。文化交流的發(fā)展要求人們學(xué)習(xí)更多其他國家的文化知識，言語幽默作為一種特殊的閱讀材料，能夠在外語教學(xué)及外語學(xué)習(xí)中起到特殊的作用。它能夠活躍課堂氣氛，提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和主動性，幫助學(xué)生在輕松愉快的環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)到文化知識。
[Abstract]:Initially, the study of humor was confined to the fields of aesthetics, psychology, sociology and philosophy. With the development of the times, humor plays a more and more important role in communication. Many linguists find that humor can be explained by linguistic theory. In recent years, with the development of globalization, exchanges between countries in the world are becoming more and more frequent. Different countries have different cultural backgrounds, the resulting cultural conflicts and collisions are becoming more and more obvious. Due to the different cultural backgrounds, Chinese and Western humor is often very different. Humor is not only a means of entertainment, but also a special carrier of culture. It covers all aspects of social life and plays an irreplaceable role in interpersonal communication. However, the current study of humor, rarely from a cultural perspective. Lin Yutang, a famous scholar, once pointed out that humor can lead us into the deep realm of cultural understanding. Chinese humor contains Chinese culture, while English humor carries western culture. It is increasingly urgent to study the culture of humor. The purpose of this study is to study the influence of culture on the understanding of humor and the cultural implication behind verbal humor in both Chinese and English. In cross-cultural communication, the reason why people can not understand humor effectively, apart from some linguistic factors, is that they do not receive the cultural information behind humor. Humor has permeated all aspects of people's social life, so the corpus of this study is from a wide range of sources, including books, magazines, newspapers, the Internet and so on. In this study, 15 typical Chinese and English verbal humor were selected for comparative analysis. The main purpose of this study was to explore the causes of humor and the influence of cultural factors on the understanding of humor. In order to reveal the cultural connotation of humor and its role in the understanding of humor, the cultural factors behind the verbal humor in English and Chinese are different and the functions of humor are discussed. This study finds that the effect of humor is closely related to culture. Culture is the source of humor, and cultural factors have a great influence on the understanding of humor. These influences are mainly reflected in the technical application of words, traditional beliefs, historical events, etc. National psychology and social customs in five aspects. Humor has entertainment, social and cultural functions. Entertainment is the most basic function of humor, that is, humor provides happiness, makes people laugh and relax. The social function of humor, that is, the role of humor as lubricant in social communication, shortens the distance between people, promotes interpersonal communication, and builds harmonious interpersonal relationship. The cultural function of humor, that is, humor can convey cultural information to people, as a way to learn culture and promote cultural exchange between countries. The significance of this study lies in the effects of cultural factors in humor on intercultural communication, foreign language teaching and foreign language learning. The development of cultural exchange requires people to learn more cultural knowledge from other countries. As a special reading material, verbal humor can play a special role in foreign language teaching and learning. It can enliven classroom atmosphere, enhance students' interest and initiative in learning, and help students to learn cultural knowledge in a relaxed and pleasant environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H0-05

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