《南齊書》雙音述賓結(jié)構(gòu)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-04 19:38
【摘要】：《南齊書》是中古時期的正史作品,語言典雅簡練,還有不少生動活潑的口語。它成書于南朝齊梁年間,是中古漢語書面語的代表。 《南齊書》中的雙音述賓結(jié)構(gòu)可分為雙音述賓短語和述賓式雙音詞。雙音述賓短語的述語由四類詞充當(dāng)：動詞、名詞、形容詞、方位詞。其中,動詞述語最多。在動詞述語中又以強(qiáng)動作性的動作行為動詞為多數(shù)。趨向動詞、感官動詞、弱動作性動詞、無動作性動詞、形容詞述語和名詞述語、方位詞述語都較少。不過,無動作性的存現(xiàn)動詞在書中復(fù)現(xiàn)率很高。名詞和形容詞作述語都屬于詞類活用,方位詞述語則正處于向趨向動詞過渡的階段。賓語以體詞性賓語為主,其中又以名詞為大多數(shù)。數(shù)詞、代詞、區(qū)別詞賓語較少。謂詞性賓語涉及兩種詞性：動詞、形容詞。它們在進(jìn)入詞匯層面時都轉(zhuǎn)為了名詞性語素。述賓語義關(guān)系非常豐富,以受事關(guān)系為多。 《南齊書》中述賓式雙音詞按詞性可分為動詞、形容詞、名詞、副詞四類。其中,動詞最多。構(gòu)成動詞的兩個語素可以含有動詞性語素也可以不含有,但以“動+名→動”式最常見。名詞在數(shù)量上位居第二,但成詞方式很單一。形容詞和副詞的數(shù)量都較少。形容詞的構(gòu)成方式中可以含有形語素也可以不含有,但副詞的成詞方式都不含有副詞性語素。雙音詞中最有特色的是歷史詞,不僅數(shù)量眾多,而且詞義的覆蓋范圍及其廣泛,以祭祀類的為多數(shù)。從詞性上看,雙音述賓式歷史詞以動詞為主。 述賓式雙音詞大多是由短語凝固而來的,但它的詞匯化也是有一定條件的。通過對《南齊書》述賓式雙音詞的考察發(fā)現(xiàn),雙音述賓短語詞匯化必須弱化述語的動作性,使賓語模糊化、虛指化。由于轉(zhuǎn)喻和隱喻機(jī)制的存在,使這一條件成為了現(xiàn)實(shí)。在《南齊書》中有許多述賓式雙音詞都是通過這兩種手段成詞的。述賓短語的詞匯化是語言內(nèi)部因素跟語言外部因素同時作用的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:The book of the Southern Qi Dynasty is a historical work of the Middle Ancient period, with elegant and concise language and lively oral language. It was written in the Qi and Liang dynasties of the Southern Dynasty and was the representative of the written language in the Middle Ancient Chinese. The structure of double syllable and object in the Book of Nanqi can be divided into two types: double syllable object phrase and object type double syllable word. Double-syllable object phrases are represented by four types of words: verbs, nouns, adjectives, and locales. Among them, verbs are the most. In the verb predicate, the strong action verb is the majority. There are few directional verbs, sensory verbs, weak action verbs, non-action verbs, adjective and noun descriptors, and orientation words. However, non-action existential verbs are highly reproducible in the book. Both nouns and adjectives are used in parts of speech, while locative words are at the stage of transition to directional verbs. The object is mainly the body-of-speech object, in which the noun is the majority. Numerals, pronouns, and differentiating objects are few. Predicate objects involve two parts of speech: verbs and adjectives. When they enter the lexical level, they all turn into nominal morphemes. In the book of the Southern Qi Dynasty, the two syllable words can be divided into four categories according to their parts of speech: verbs, adjectives, nouns and adverbs. Among them, the verb is the most. The two morphemes that make up a verb may or may not contain a verb morpheme, but the "verb noun" pattern is the most common. Nouns rank second in number, but in a single way. There are fewer adjectives and adverbs. Adjectives may or may not contain morphemes, but adverbs do not contain adverbial morphemes. The most characteristic of dicyllabic words is historical words, which not only has a large number, but also covers a wide range of meanings, most of which are sacrificial words. In terms of part of speech, two-syllable object-object historical words are mainly verbs. Most of the declarative disyllabic words come from the solidification of phrases, but their lexicalization also has certain conditions. Through the investigation of the two syllable words in the book of the Southern Qi Dynasty, it is found that the lexicalization of the double syllable and the object phrase must weaken the action of the predicate and make the object vague and fictitious. Due to the existence of metonymy and metaphor mechanism, this condition has become a reality. In the book of the Southern Qi Dynasty, many declarative and object disyllabic words are formed by these two methods. Lexicalization of predicate phrases is the result of both internal and external factors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H141
本文編號：2223139
[Abstract]:The book of the Southern Qi Dynasty is a historical work of the Middle Ancient period, with elegant and concise language and lively oral language. It was written in the Qi and Liang dynasties of the Southern Dynasty and was the representative of the written language in the Middle Ancient Chinese. The structure of double syllable and object in the Book of Nanqi can be divided into two types: double syllable object phrase and object type double syllable word. Double-syllable object phrases are represented by four types of words: verbs, nouns, adjectives, and locales. Among them, verbs are the most. In the verb predicate, the strong action verb is the majority. There are few directional verbs, sensory verbs, weak action verbs, non-action verbs, adjective and noun descriptors, and orientation words. However, non-action existential verbs are highly reproducible in the book. Both nouns and adjectives are used in parts of speech, while locative words are at the stage of transition to directional verbs. The object is mainly the body-of-speech object, in which the noun is the majority. Numerals, pronouns, and differentiating objects are few. Predicate objects involve two parts of speech: verbs and adjectives. When they enter the lexical level, they all turn into nominal morphemes. In the book of the Southern Qi Dynasty, the two syllable words can be divided into four categories according to their parts of speech: verbs, adjectives, nouns and adverbs. Among them, the verb is the most. The two morphemes that make up a verb may or may not contain a verb morpheme, but the "verb noun" pattern is the most common. Nouns rank second in number, but in a single way. There are fewer adjectives and adverbs. Adjectives may or may not contain morphemes, but adverbs do not contain adverbial morphemes. The most characteristic of dicyllabic words is historical words, which not only has a large number, but also covers a wide range of meanings, most of which are sacrificial words. In terms of part of speech, two-syllable object-object historical words are mainly verbs. Most of the declarative disyllabic words come from the solidification of phrases, but their lexicalization also has certain conditions. Through the investigation of the two syllable words in the book of the Southern Qi Dynasty, it is found that the lexicalization of the double syllable and the object phrase must weaken the action of the predicate and make the object vague and fictitious. Due to the existence of metonymy and metaphor mechanism, this condition has become a reality. In the book of the Southern Qi Dynasty, many declarative and object disyllabic words are formed by these two methods. Lexicalization of predicate phrases is the result of both internal and external factors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H141
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 劉紅妮;;詞匯化與語法化[J];當(dāng)代語言學(xué);2010年01期
2 駱曉平;魏晉六朝漢語詞匯雙音傾向三題[J];古漢語研究;1990年04期
3 冷國儉;談古漢語述賓結(jié)構(gòu)的語義關(guān)系[J];佳木斯師專學(xué)報;1994年02期
4 徐時儀;漢語雙音詞的衍生和發(fā)展探論[J];柳州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報;2005年01期
5 劉兆沿;;原型范疇理論的進(jìn)步與局限[J];寧波工程學(xué)院學(xué)報;2011年02期
6 李進(jìn)學(xué);;動賓復(fù)合詞的詞匯化的原因和機(jī)制分析[J];社會科學(xué)論壇(學(xué)術(shù)研究卷);2007年10期
7 顏紅菊;;動賓結(jié)構(gòu)詞匯化的獨(dú)立性解釋[J];武漢理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2008年04期
8 王洪涌;近10余年漢語歷史詞匯研究概述[J];江漢大學(xué)學(xué)報(人文科學(xué)版);2004年01期
9 楊尚貴,劉清亭;談古漢語述賓關(guān)系的特點(diǎn)[J];雁北師范學(xué)院學(xué)報;1999年04期
10 董秀芳;;漢語的句法演變與詞匯化[J];中國語文;2009年05期
，本文編號：2223139
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/wenyilunwen/hanyulw/2223139.html
最近更新
教材專著
