【摘要】：本文旨在從關(guān)聯(lián)理論的視角研究社會(huì)文化因素在言語交際話語理解過程中的作用。 交際話語理解的研究上溯到亞里士多德的時(shí)代，語言哲學(xué)家們沿著兩條不同的思路，開辟出了言語交際對(duì)話理解的兩種模式：代碼模式，認(rèn)為言語理解的過程即編碼和解碼的過程；推理模式，認(rèn)為言語的理解是一個(gè)推理過程，必須有非語言信息因素的參與。 人們所交流的并非總是等同于他們所說的，語言字面意義之和與交際內(nèi)容之間總存在偏差，這一事實(shí)證明言語交際過程中的話語理解絕不簡單地等同于語言符號(hào)的編解碼，，而是一個(gè)更為復(fù)雜的理解推理過程。 本文以Dan Sperber和Deirdre Wilson建立的關(guān)聯(lián)理論為理論基礎(chǔ)，目的在于研究社會(huì)文化因素在此理論所提出的言語理解推理機(jī)制中的角色作用。關(guān)聯(lián)理論延續(xù)了言語交際的語用學(xué)研究傳統(tǒng)。與其前言語行為理論學(xué)者所提出的規(guī)范性交際模式不同，關(guān)聯(lián)理論乃是基于關(guān)聯(lián)原則這一解釋性原則。他們以明示推理重新定義人類的言語交際，并賦予說話者兩個(gè)基本意圖——信息意圖和交際意圖，他們認(rèn)為言語交際的成功在于聽話者利用其所擁有的所有信息通過推理成功識(shí)別這兩種意圖，在這一推理過程中，關(guān)聯(lián)原則不僅決定了信息的選取和語境的構(gòu)成，并且決定了推理過程中的信息處理過程。 但是關(guān)聯(lián)理論兩位學(xué)者的認(rèn)知語言觀和理論研究方法引起了許多批評(píng)，認(rèn)為其理論缺乏社會(huì)文化維度。本文的重點(diǎn)則在于分析關(guān)聯(lián)理論下言語交際會(huì)話含義理解過程中的社會(huì)文化因素的參與的作用。借助于從《紅樓夢》中選取的豐富的人物對(duì)話實(shí)例分析，本文旨在闡明Dan Sperber和Deirdre Wilson所建立的關(guān)聯(lián)理論本身蘊(yùn)含了社會(huì)文化因素的考量，并且能夠有力地解釋社會(huì)文化因素在言語理解推理機(jī)制中參與的特點(diǎn)、過程及產(chǎn)生的影響。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the role of sociocultural factors in the process of utterance comprehension from the perspective of relevance theory. The study of communicative discourse understanding dates back to the time of Aristotle, when language philosophers developed two modes of understanding of verbal communication: code mode, along two different lines of thinking. The author holds that the process of speech comprehension is the process of coding and decoding, and the inference mode is that the comprehension of speech is a process of reasoning, and that there must be the participation of non-linguistic information factors. The fact that what people communicate is not always the same as what they say, and there is always a deviation between the sum of the literal meaning of language and the content of communication, which proves that the understanding of discourse in the process of verbal communication is not simply equivalent to the codec of language symbols. It is a more complex process of understanding and reasoning. Based on the relevance theory established by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson, the purpose of this paper is to study the role of sociocultural factors in the inference mechanism of speech comprehension proposed by the theory. Relevance theory continues the pragmatic tradition of verbal communication. The relevance theory is based on the explanatory principle of relevance principle, which is different from the normative communication model proposed by the former speech act theorists. They redefine human verbal communication with ostensive-inferential reasoning and give the speaker two basic intents-information intention and communicative intention. They believe that the success of verbal communication lies in the hearer using all the information he has to successfully identify the two intentions through inference. In this reasoning process, the principle of relevance not only determines the selection of information and the composition of context. It also determines the process of information processing in the process of reasoning. However, the cognitive language views and theoretical research methods of relevance theory have aroused much criticism, and their theories lack social and cultural dimensions. The focus of this paper is to analyze the role of sociocultural factors in the comprehension of conversational implicature in verbal communication under relevance theory. With the help of the rich examples of character dialogue selected from A Dream of Red Mansions, this paper aims to clarify that the relevance theory established by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson contains the consideration of social and cultural factors. And it can explain the characteristics, process and influence of sociocultural factors in the inference mechanism of speech comprehension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H030

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