存在句中處所介詞“在”的隱現(xiàn)
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation results of large-scale corpus, this paper classifies the occult situation of locative prepositions in existential sentences into two categories: one is co-occurrence of existential sentence A and "Ze", and the other is co-occurrence of existential sentence B and "Zai". Among them, the co-occurrence of paragraph A and "in" is divided into "in", "in" can be hidden, "in" must be "and" in "are divided into" in "and" can be hidden "two kinds of situations. Each case corresponds to a different A and B type. In the existential sentence, there are complicated reasons to restrict the invisibility of "Ze". In syntactic terms, the low frequency of "Zai" is closely related to the grammaticalization of existential sentences from textual structure to syntactic structure, The syntactic rules of Chinese make it impossible to appear in the existential sentence in which paragraph A is a verb or other prepositional noun form. "in the existential sentence where there is an adverb" on "before" paragraph A, "Zai" must appear. In addition, the syntactic division of prepositional prepositions and postpositional words reduces the frequency of their use in existential sentences. In terms of semantics, from the microscopic point of view, the typical degree of spatial semantic category with the meaning of "place" and "orientation" as the main members affects the concealment of "being". The higher the typicality of spatial meaning is, the less need it be to use "in" as a spatial mark. At the macro level, the polysemy of existential constructions, the degree of existential relation matching with specific verbs is like the degree of central meaning and the cognitive salience of existential expressions restricts the emergence of "in". In terms of pragmatics, discourse coherence and cognition for communicative purposes highlight two pragmatic needs and the topic of existential sentences. The combination of the three pragmatic functions of acceptance and transfer restricts the appearance of "in" in a specific text. The internal context of the above motivation lies in the fact that the category of existential relation is gradually independent from various categories of relation and expressed by self-sufficient construction. On the one hand, this internal context is a necessary supplement to the common law of Chinese prepositions. On the other hand, we can find the relevant evidence in the typological characteristics of existential sentences. By investigating the appearance of existential sentences and related items in nearly 30 languages, we find that: first, whether the connective items in existential sentences are forced to appear represents two tendencies in expressing spatial relations in human languages: one is the semantic meaning of notional words. One is the function of function words, the other is whether the relation item is compulsory or not, it also represents two tendencies when the existential sentence gives syntactic status to the spatial component, one is to give the subject status, the other is to give the modifier status. These findings confirm the restrictive effect of the Chinese existential construction on the concealment of the relation term.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:H146
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