【摘要】：萊考夫和約翰遜認為,隱喻無處不在,它不僅存在于我們的語言中,也存在我們的思維和行為中。漢英語言中存在著許多動物隱喻。一些學者通過一些文化現(xiàn)象把動物作為始源域映射到其他的目標域,即從文化和認知角度,來研究動物隱喻,但很少有學者從認知隱喻的角度把某一具體的動物形象作為研究對象。本文選取“�！边@一與人類生活密切相關(guān)的動物作為研究對象,以認知隱喻、大鏈條隱喻、跨域映射、隱喻凸顯等理論為依據(jù),研究英漢語言中牛隱喻的異同,試圖分析其中的原因。 本文收集英漢語言中表達“牛”的語料,根據(jù)“�！彪[喻的語言現(xiàn)象,從隱喻和認知角度將對其分為四個類型：第一,“�！钡膭游镄蜗笥成涞饺祟惖奈锢韺傩�,即“�！钡耐庥^和身體特征,性格特征,行為特征映射到人類的對應特征；第二,“�！钡膭游镄蜗笥成涞角楦蓄I域,包括褒義和貶義的情感；第三,“�！钡膭游镄蜗笥成涞绞挛�,例如a papal bull喻指教皇的訓令,“執(zhí)牛耳”喻指在某一方面居最有權(quán)威的地位；第四,“�！钡膭游镄蜗笥成涞焦砩�、神明領域。 在此基礎上,本文進一步分析英漢語言“�！彪[喻的異同點,從不同角度闡釋兩種語言中“�！彪[喻異同及其成因。一方面,兩種語言均凸顯了“�！饼嫶蟮耐庑偷壬硖卣�,“牛”笨拙的行為特征,“�！惫虉�(zhí)的性格特征以及表達褒義情感的傾向。另一方面,英漢語言的“�！彪[喻的差異主要源自不同的宗教信仰、民族風俗和政治背景。本研究的意義是,通過“牛”隱喻的研究促進英語學習者理解詞匯隱喻的特點和表達,增進跨文化交流。本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于：以某一具體動物的隱喻研究豐富了動物隱喻的內(nèi)涵,提高了“牛”隱喻的應用價值。
[Abstract]:Lakoff and Johnson believe that metaphor is everywhere, not only in our language, but also in our thinking and behavior. There are many animal metaphors in Chinese and English. Some scholars study animal metaphors from cultural and cognitive perspectives by mapping animals as source domains to other target domains through some cultural phenomena. However, few scholars regard a specific animal image as the object of study from the perspective of cognitive metaphor. Based on the theories of cognitive metaphor, big chain metaphor, cross-domain mapping and metaphorical protruding, this paper studies the similarities and differences of cattle metaphors in English and Chinese, which are closely related to human life. Try to analyze the reasons. According to the linguistic phenomenon of "cow" metaphor, this paper collects the data of "cow" in English and Chinese, and divides it into four types from the perspective of metaphor and cognition: first, the animal image of "cow" is mapped to the physical attributes of human beings. That is, the appearance and body characteristics, personality and behavior characteristics of "cattle" are mapped to the corresponding characteristics of human beings; second, the animal image of "cattle" is mapped to the field of emotion, including positive and derogatory feelings; third, The animal image of "cow" is mapped to things, for example, a papal bull refers to the instruction of the pope, "executive ear" refers to the most authoritative position in a certain aspect; fourth, the animal image of "cow" is mapped to the realm of ghosts, gods and gods. On this basis, this paper further analyzes the similarities and differences of "cow" metaphors in English and Chinese, and explains the similarities and differences of "cattle" metaphors in the two languages from different angles and their causes. On the one hand, both languages highlight the physiological characteristics of the "cow", such as the huge appearance of the cow, the clumsy behavior of the "cow", the stubborn character of the "cow" and the tendency to express positive feelings. On the other hand, the differences of cow metaphors in English and Chinese mainly come from different religious beliefs, ethnic customs and political backgrounds. The purpose of this study is to promote English learners' understanding of the characteristics and expressions of lexical metaphors and enhance cross-cultural communication through the study of "cow" metaphors. The innovation of this paper is that the study of a specific animal metaphor enriches the connotation of animal metaphor and improves the application value of cow metaphor.
【學位授予單位】：福建師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H13;H313

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