【摘要】：隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展、國際地位的提高，世界各國對漢語的需求越來越大�！皾h語熱”在全球范圍內(nèi)興起并持續(xù)升溫。語言，作為一種交際工具和文化的載體，跟人們的社會結(jié)構(gòu)和價(jià)值觀念等密切相關(guān)。人們對其使用的語言的社會價(jià)值所形成的認(rèn)識和評價(jià)實(shí)際上是一種語言態(tài)度。來華留學(xué)生的漢語態(tài)度將直接影響到漢語學(xué)習(xí)的效率和質(zhì)量，從而影響到其漢語使用情況。 本研究以社會語言學(xué)語言態(tài)度研究為指導(dǎo)，采用問卷調(diào)查法對來華外國留學(xué)生的漢語語言態(tài)度及其漢語使用情況進(jìn)行了考察。調(diào)查對象來自于湖南四所高校的留學(xué)生。調(diào)查者與上述學(xué)校的漢語任課教師協(xié)商，經(jīng)許可，利用課間休息時(shí)間，對留學(xué)生逐班發(fā)放調(diào)查問卷。然后運(yùn)用數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)方法，借助SPSS（16.0）和EXCEL（2003）軟件對調(diào)查所得的所有數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，來華留學(xué)生對漢語的語言態(tài)度較積極。他們對漢語學(xué)習(xí)有著極高的熱情，認(rèn)為漢語學(xué)習(xí)很重要，并表示將來會繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)漢語，，希望能講一口流利的中文。他們對中國文化大都感到好奇和有趣，覺得中文好聽，喜歡中國的電視、歌曲、文學(xué)和藝術(shù)等。他們對中國人民也表現(xiàn)出友好態(tài)度，認(rèn)為中國人很熱情、友好、真誠，并希望能更多地了解中國人。留學(xué)生的漢語態(tài)度受其年齡、漢語學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間、漢語水平、學(xué)歷、所屬國家或地區(qū)的影響，但與其性別因素?zé)o關(guān)。年齡上，21-25歲這一年齡組的漢語學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度比其他兩組要好。漢語學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間長短對漢語學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度和文化態(tài)度產(chǎn)生影響。學(xué)歷越高的留學(xué)生對中國文化的態(tài)度越好。漢語水平越高的對漢語學(xué)習(xí)的熱情也越高。在日常生活中，留學(xué)生的漢語使用頻率相對較高，尤其是在商店或飯館。在與老師或陌生人交流時(shí)他們更傾向于使用漢語。而在話題方面，他們談?wù)搶W(xué)習(xí)和生活使用漢語的頻率比談?wù)搳蕵泛凸ぷ鲿r(shí)相對較高。漢語學(xué)習(xí)中，留學(xué)生普遍反映漢字和發(fā)音是最困難的。語速和方言等問題是他們最大的交流障礙。面對這些困難，半數(shù)以上留學(xué)生仍然保持著積極的態(tài)度，決心通過各種途徑多聽，多讀，多說來克服困難，從而提高漢語水平。語言態(tài)度和語言使用有一定的相關(guān)性，且相互影響。語言態(tài)度越好，人們使用該語言的頻率也相應(yīng)較高；而語言使用頻率又通過語言使用的效果改變著人們的語言態(tài)度。 研究留學(xué)生漢語語言態(tài)度及漢語使用情況將有利于留學(xué)生漢語學(xué)習(xí)效率的提高，同時(shí)對漢語的教學(xué)及漢語的推廣也有十分重要的意義。
[Abstract]:With the development of Chinese economy and the improvement of international status, the demand for Chinese is increasing all over the world. Mandarin fever rises and continues to heat up all over the world. As a communication tool and a carrier of culture, language is closely related to people's social structure and values. People's understanding and evaluation of the social value of the language they use is actually a linguistic attitude. The attitude of Chinese students in China will directly affect the efficiency and quality of Chinese learning, thus affecting the use of Chinese. Under the guidance of sociolinguistic linguistic attitudes, the present study investigated the attitudes and usage of Chinese language among foreign students in China. The subjects are students from four colleges and universities in Hunan province. With the permission of the Chinese teachers in the above schools, the investigators sent out questionnaires to the overseas students on a class by class basis. Then all the data obtained from the survey are analyzed with the help of SPSS (16.0) and EXCEL (2003). The survey shows that Chinese students have a positive attitude towards Chinese. They have a high enthusiasm for learning Chinese, think Chinese learning is very important, and said they will continue to learn Chinese in the future, hope to speak fluent Chinese. Most of them are curious and interesting about Chinese culture, they think Chinese is good to listen to, like Chinese TV, songs, literature and art. They also showed a friendly attitude towards the Chinese people, saying that the Chinese people are warm, friendly, sincere and hope to know more about the Chinese people. Students' attitude to Chinese is influenced by their age, time of learning Chinese, level of Chinese, educational background, country or region, but it has nothing to do with gender. The Chinese learning attitude of the 21-25 age group is better than that of the other two groups. The length of learning time has an effect on Chinese learning attitude and cultural attitude. The higher the degree, the better the attitude toward Chinese culture. The higher the level of Chinese, the higher the enthusiasm for learning Chinese. In daily life, students use Chinese more frequently, especially in shops or restaurants. They are more likely to use Chinese when communicating with teachers or strangers. On topics, they talk about learning and living using Chinese more frequently than about entertainment and work. In learning Chinese, it is most difficult for foreign students to reflect Chinese characters and pronunciation. Problems such as speaking speed and dialects are their biggest barriers to communication. In the face of these difficulties, more than half of the students still maintain a positive attitude, determined to listen, read and speak through various ways to overcome the difficulties, so as to improve the level of Chinese. Language attitude and language use have certain correlation and influence each other. The better the language attitude, the higher the frequency of language use, and the more the language use frequency changes the language attitude. The study of the attitude and usage of Chinese language among foreign students will be beneficial to the improvement of the learning efficiency of Chinese for foreign students. At the same time, it is of great significance to the teaching of Chinese and the popularization of Chinese.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H195

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 沈依青;語言態(tài)度初探[J];清華大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);1997年02期

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