卡西爾語言觀評析
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-21 11:06
【摘要】：自哲學誕生以來，語言問題一直都是困擾著哲學家們的斯芬克斯之謎，雖然歷代先哲窮其一生試圖解開這一謎團，但都無功而返。傳統(tǒng)哲學把語言當作一種實體去探討，并因此把語言當作阻礙認識得以可能的迷霧。直至當代語言哲學的轉向，語言問題更是被看成了哲學問題本身，語言被放在了哲學的首位，越來越受到哲學家們的重視。但是對于語言問題的解決卻呈現(xiàn)了兩條道路，一條道路是英美分析哲學，他們追求語言意義的精確性，從而主張采用邏輯分析的方式使語言科學化。另一條道路是歐陸人文哲學，他們突出語言的本體論地位，竭盡全力試圖消除語言的邏輯功能，把語言從邏輯規(guī)則的壓迫下解放出來。而在這些歐陸人文哲學中，卡西爾的語言哲學尤有特色。 在卡西爾看來，我們解決語言的謎題應該像俄狄浦斯解決斯芬克斯之謎所使用的方法一樣：認識你自己。于是卡西爾誠心誠意地接受了康德的哥白尼革命的理論思想，認為對于語言問題同樣需要從人出發(fā)去考察。卡西爾通過對傳統(tǒng)哲學的批判，認為語言絕不是一種實體性存在，語言是一種先于邏輯的存在，語言問題不可能憑借邏輯的分析得到揭示，語言只有從其本身出發(fā)才能得到真正的揭示。卡西爾認為只有對語言問題進行這樣一番探究，我們才能回答語言的統(tǒng)一性問題，才能對哲學上關于存在與現(xiàn)象、主體與客體的二元分立問題找到解決的出路，只有通過語言我們才能真正揭示出人類特有的精神本質，也只有通過語言才能揭示出人與世界關系的真正面貌。因此，本文擬從以下幾個方面對卡西爾的語言哲學展開分析，以展示當代語言哲學解決語言問題的獨特風貌。 論文第一部分首先通過卡西爾對傳統(tǒng)語言哲學的批判，揭示出傳統(tǒng)語言哲學所面臨的各種問題，繼而論述了康德、洪堡等人對于這些問題的解決以及自身所面臨的問題，最后卡西爾通過對上述理論的批判繼承提出了自己的語言哲學。 論文的第二部分揭示出對語言是什么的問題的解決,首先應該解決的是存在是什么的問題，而對形式概念的論述可以看出，，解決語言問題的出發(fā)點就是形式原則，最后對表達之感知的論述揭示出語言的源出狀態(tài)。 論文的第三部分通過對語言概念和邏輯概念的區(qū)別以及語言的隱喻特性進行論述，揭示出卡西爾如何把語言從傳統(tǒng)邏輯的束縛中解放出來，以及為何語言的邏輯對于傳統(tǒng)邏輯具有優(yōu)先性。 論文的第四部分通過對卡西爾語言現(xiàn)象學的論述，語言作為中介的觀念也就被提了出來。進而論述語言作為中介是如何架起人與世界的橋梁的。 論文的最后則重點論述了卡西爾語言哲學的理論意義以及其局限性。
[Abstract]:Since the birth of philosophy, the problem of language has been a mystery to philosophers. Traditional philosophy regards language as a kind of entity to explore, and therefore regards language as a fog that hinders the possibility of cognition. Until the turn of contemporary philosophy of language, the question of language is regarded as the question of philosophy itself, language is put in the first place of philosophy, and is paid more and more attention by philosophers. However, there are two ways to solve the language problem, one is Anglo-American analytical philosophy, which pursues the accuracy of language meaning, and thus advocates the use of logical analysis to make language scientific. The other way is European humanistic philosophy. They stress the ontological status of language, try their best to eliminate the logical function of language and liberate language from the oppression of logical rules. In these European humanistic philosophy, Cassier's philosophy of language has its own characteristics. In Cassier's view, we should solve language puzzles the way Oedipus solved the Sphinx riddle: know yourself. Cassirer accepted Kant's theory of the Copernican Revolution and believed that language should also be examined from the point of view of man. By criticizing traditional philosophy, Cassier thinks that language is not a kind of entity existence, language is a kind of existence before logic, language problems can not be revealed by the analysis of logic. Language can only be revealed from its own point of view. Cassier believes that only by making such an inquiry into language can we answer the question of the unity of language and find a way to solve the dualistic problem of existence and phenomenon, subject and object in philosophy. It is only through language that we can truly reveal the unique spiritual essence of human beings, and that only through language can we reveal the true face of the relationship between man and the world. Therefore, this paper analyzes Cassier's philosophy of language from the following aspects in order to show the unique features of contemporary philosophy of language in solving language problems. In the first part of the thesis, through Cassier's criticism of traditional language philosophy, it reveals the various problems faced by traditional language philosophy, and then discusses the solutions to these problems and the problems faced by Kant, Humboldt and others. Finally, Cassirer puts forward his own philosophy of language through the criticism and inheritance of the above theory. The second part of the thesis reveals that the solution to the problem of what language is, the first thing should be solved is what the existence is, and the discussion of the concept of form can see that the starting point of solving the problem of language is the principle of form. Finally, the discourse on the perception of expression reveals the source state of language. The third part of the thesis discusses the differences between the concepts of language and logic and the metaphorical characteristics of language, and reveals how Cassier liberates language from the shackles of traditional logic. And why language logic has priority over traditional logic. In the fourth part of the thesis, the concept of language as an intermediary is raised through the exposition of Cassier's linguistic phenomenology. Then it discusses how language, as an intermediary, builds the bridge between man and the world. At the end of the thesis, the theoretical significance and limitations of Cassier's philosophy of language are discussed.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H0-05
本文編號：2135324
[Abstract]:Since the birth of philosophy, the problem of language has been a mystery to philosophers. Traditional philosophy regards language as a kind of entity to explore, and therefore regards language as a fog that hinders the possibility of cognition. Until the turn of contemporary philosophy of language, the question of language is regarded as the question of philosophy itself, language is put in the first place of philosophy, and is paid more and more attention by philosophers. However, there are two ways to solve the language problem, one is Anglo-American analytical philosophy, which pursues the accuracy of language meaning, and thus advocates the use of logical analysis to make language scientific. The other way is European humanistic philosophy. They stress the ontological status of language, try their best to eliminate the logical function of language and liberate language from the oppression of logical rules. In these European humanistic philosophy, Cassier's philosophy of language has its own characteristics. In Cassier's view, we should solve language puzzles the way Oedipus solved the Sphinx riddle: know yourself. Cassirer accepted Kant's theory of the Copernican Revolution and believed that language should also be examined from the point of view of man. By criticizing traditional philosophy, Cassier thinks that language is not a kind of entity existence, language is a kind of existence before logic, language problems can not be revealed by the analysis of logic. Language can only be revealed from its own point of view. Cassier believes that only by making such an inquiry into language can we answer the question of the unity of language and find a way to solve the dualistic problem of existence and phenomenon, subject and object in philosophy. It is only through language that we can truly reveal the unique spiritual essence of human beings, and that only through language can we reveal the true face of the relationship between man and the world. Therefore, this paper analyzes Cassier's philosophy of language from the following aspects in order to show the unique features of contemporary philosophy of language in solving language problems. In the first part of the thesis, through Cassier's criticism of traditional language philosophy, it reveals the various problems faced by traditional language philosophy, and then discusses the solutions to these problems and the problems faced by Kant, Humboldt and others. Finally, Cassirer puts forward his own philosophy of language through the criticism and inheritance of the above theory. The second part of the thesis reveals that the solution to the problem of what language is, the first thing should be solved is what the existence is, and the discussion of the concept of form can see that the starting point of solving the problem of language is the principle of form. Finally, the discourse on the perception of expression reveals the source state of language. The third part of the thesis discusses the differences between the concepts of language and logic and the metaphorical characteristics of language, and reveals how Cassier liberates language from the shackles of traditional logic. And why language logic has priority over traditional logic. In the fourth part of the thesis, the concept of language as an intermediary is raised through the exposition of Cassier's linguistic phenomenology. Then it discusses how language, as an intermediary, builds the bridge between man and the world. At the end of the thesis, the theoretical significance and limitations of Cassier's philosophy of language are discussed.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H0-05
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