【摘要】：非常規(guī)VO式復(fù)合動詞是現(xiàn)代漢語詞匯系統(tǒng)中比較特殊的一類,它們在語法結(jié)構(gòu)上都屬于動賓式復(fù)合詞,但在深層語義關(guān)系上,名語素的語義角色不是常規(guī)上的VN構(gòu)式義直接賦予的[+受事],不是動語素直接支配和關(guān)涉的人或事物,而表現(xiàn)為[+時間]、[+工具]、[+結(jié)果]、[+施事]等,體現(xiàn)了動賓關(guān)系的復(fù)雜性。本文結(jié)合定量和定性的方法,從語法和語義角度,結(jié)合變換分析、詞匯化和輕動詞移位等現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)理論,對非常規(guī)VO式復(fù)合動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)屬性進(jìn)行多角度論證,對其語義類型進(jìn)行詳細(xì)描寫,并解釋其構(gòu)詞理據(jù)和形成機(jī)制。本文研究重點是非常規(guī)VO式復(fù)合動詞的語義類型和構(gòu)詞理據(jù)。本文首次對《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》第5版中的非常規(guī)VO式復(fù)合動詞進(jìn)行窮盡分析,通過詞典釋義中的介詞和運用同義變換的方法描寫語義類型,并從句法層面上的輕動詞移位理論研究了其形成機(jī)制。這兩點也是本文的創(chuàng)新之處,全文共分四章。 第一章緒論中,主要介紹了本文的研究對象和思路以及語料的來源,并重點對相關(guān)的VO式復(fù)合動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)屬性、動賓關(guān)系的語義類型、非常規(guī)動賓式的構(gòu)詞理據(jù)的研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了綜述,以說明本文的研究目的。 第二章首先明確了非常規(guī)VO式復(fù)合動詞的范圍,指出結(jié)構(gòu)類型的歸屬困境,然后用正反論證和變換分析證明了漢語中復(fù)合詞可以比附短語的結(jié)構(gòu)分析,所以非常規(guī)VO式復(fù)合動詞屬于動賓式,而不是動狀式。 第三章主要從詞典釋義中的介詞切入,結(jié)合各種語義類型的典型變換式,對非常規(guī)VO式復(fù)合動詞的語義類型進(jìn)行描寫和分析,將其分為“動+原因”、“動+目的”、“動+結(jié)果”、“動+處所”、“動+時間”、“動+工具”、“動+施事”、“動+方式”八種語義類型。對介詞在理解復(fù)合動詞語義關(guān)系的作用進(jìn)行了探討,認(rèn)為介詞具有鑒定語義關(guān)系的作用。 第四章對非常規(guī)VO式復(fù)合動詞的構(gòu)詞理據(jù)進(jìn)行解釋,首先從詞匯化角度,認(rèn)為是古漢語在發(fā)展過程中由短語逐漸凝固而成；其次,對輕動詞和介詞進(jìn)行比較和鑒定,認(rèn)為漢語中介詞和輕動詞一樣具有促發(fā)核心詞移位的功能,從而在詞匯系統(tǒng)中出現(xiàn)了表層結(jié)構(gòu)是動賓式,深層語義上卻不是行為動作和受事的關(guān)系的非常規(guī)VO式復(fù)合動詞。它們在語法和語義上的不對應(yīng)性是正常句法運作的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Unconventional VO compound verbs are special in modern Chinese lexical system. They belong to verb-object compound words in grammatical structure, but they have deep semantic relationship. The semantic role of the nominal morpheme is not directly endowed by the conventional VN construction, not the person or thing directly controlled and concerned by the action morpheme, but manifested in [time], [tool], [result], [agent] and so on, which reflects the complexity of the verb-object relationship. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods, from the perspective of grammar and semantics, combining with modern linguistic theories, such as transformation analysis, lexicalization and shift of light verbs, this paper demonstrates the structural attributes of unconventional VO compound verbs from various angles. Its semantic types are described in detail, and its word-formation motivation and formation mechanism are explained. This paper focuses on the semantic types and word-formation motivation of unconventional VO compound verbs. This paper, for the first time, makes an exhaustive analysis of the unconventional VO compound verbs in the 5th edition of the Modern Chinese Dictionary, and describes the semantic types by means of prepositions in the dictionary and the method of synonym transformation. The formation mechanism of light verb shift theory is studied from syntactic level. These two points are also the innovation of this paper, the full text is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, the author introduces the research object, the thought and the source of the corpus, and focuses on the structure attribute of the VO compound verb and the semantic type of the verb-object relation. This paper summarizes the research status of unconventional verb-object formation motivation in order to explain the purpose of this paper. In the second chapter, the scope of the unconventional VO compound verbs is defined, and the attribution dilemma of the structural types is pointed out. Then, it is proved that the compound words in Chinese can be compared with the structural analysis of the appended phrases by positive and negative argument and transformation analysis. So unconventional VO compound verbs belong to verb-object rather than verb-object. In the third chapter, the semantic types of unconventional VO compound verbs are described and analyzed from the prepositions in the lexicographic interpretation, combining with the typical transformations of various semantic types, which are divided into "the reason of the action" and "the purpose of the action". "moving result", "moving place", "moving time", "moving tool", "moving agent" and "moving mode" are eight semantic types. This paper probes into the role of prepositions in understanding the semantic relations of compound verbs, and holds that prepositions have the function of identifying semantic relations. The fourth chapter explains the motivation of word-formation of unconventional VO compound verbs. Firstly, from the perspective of lexicalization, it is considered that ancient Chinese is gradually solidified by phrases in the process of development, and secondly, the comparison and identification of light verbs and prepositions are carried out. It is believed that prepositions and light verbs in Chinese have the function of promoting the shift of core words, so that in the lexical system, the surface structure is verb-object type, but the deep semantic is not the unconventional VO compound verb which is not the relation between action and suffering. Their grammatical and semantic incompatibility is the result of normal syntactic operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

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本文編號：2121998