本文選題：漢語智障兒童 + 論元結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜性　； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：動詞論元結(jié)構(gòu)研究是現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)研究中的一個重要課題,但是對智障兒童這一特殊群體的研究還相當缺乏。本研究通過MLU匹配,各選取了21名智障兒童被試和21名典型發(fā)展兒童被試,采用圖畫描述任務(wù),從論元結(jié)構(gòu)表征和論元結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜性這兩個角度對智障兒童動詞論元結(jié)構(gòu)加工進行了研究。 本文首先分離出了長度因素的影響,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)長度因素無論對典型發(fā)展兒童還是智障兒童都沒有產(chǎn)生顯著影響,說明由于年齡的增長,智障兒童的加工能力已經(jīng)超越了句子長度因素的限制。另外研究發(fā)現(xiàn)年齡、句子長度和兒童加工能力之間存在一定的關(guān)系。 在排除了句子長度因素影響的基礎(chǔ)上,本研究從論元結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜性角度對智障兒童進行了研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)論元數(shù)量是影響智障兒童主語省略的一個重要因素,說明論元數(shù)量影響具有跨語言的普遍性。雖然實驗結(jié)果呈現(xiàn)出一定程度的論元結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜性效應(yīng),但沒有像動詞論元結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜性效應(yīng)所預(yù)測的那樣呈現(xiàn)出嚴格的梯度等級變化,這說明論元結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜性效應(yīng)在不同的語言中作用方式是不同的。 為了探討論元結(jié)構(gòu)表征對智障兒童論元結(jié)構(gòu)加工的影響,本文分別從可選主語時期和論元結(jié)構(gòu)句法-語義表征角度進行了探討,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)可選主語時期對漢語智障兒童和典型發(fā)展兒童論元結(jié)構(gòu)加工沒有影響,說明可選主語時期在不同語言中不具有普遍性,它存在于英語這一類語言中,而在漢語中不存在。 通過對論元結(jié)構(gòu)不當使用的比較分析發(fā)現(xiàn),智障兒童動詞論元結(jié)構(gòu)表征不準確或不完整,尤其是三元動詞,說明智障兒童可能在詞庫里存儲了錯誤的動詞意義、句法子范疇框架和論元框架,并且不能將論元的句法和語義信息正確地連接,因此論元結(jié)構(gòu)的不規(guī)則使用十分頻繁。 在上面討論的基礎(chǔ)上我們發(fā)現(xiàn),論元數(shù)量和論元結(jié)構(gòu)表征在智障兒童語言加工中并不是相互獨立的因素,而是共同作用導(dǎo)致了智障兒童論元結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷,也反映了語言加工能力和語言知識表征共同影響了兒童的語言加工。另外通過和典型發(fā)展兒童比較發(fā)現(xiàn),智障兒童相比于典型發(fā)展兒童在動詞論元結(jié)構(gòu)加工上存在嚴重損傷。
[Abstract]:The study of verb argument structure is an important subject in modern linguistics, but the research on the special group of children with mental retardation is still lacking. In this study, 21 children with intellectual disabilities and 21 children with typical development were selected by MLU matching, and the task of picture description was used. In this paper, the argument structure processing of verbs in children with intellectual disabilities is studied from two angles: representation of argument structure and complexity of argument structure. In this paper, the influence of length factors is first separated. The results show that the length factors have no significant effect on the typical developed children or children with intellectual disabilities. The processing ability of children with mental retardation has exceeded the limit of sentence length. In addition, it is found that there is a certain relationship between age, sentence length and children's processing ability. On the basis of excluding the influence of sentence length, this study studies children with intellectual disabilities from the point of view of the complexity of argument structure. It is found that the number of arguments is an important factor affecting the omission of subjects of children with intellectual disabilities. It shows that the influence of argument quantity is universal across languages. Although the experimental results show a certain degree of argument structure complexity effect, it does not show a strict gradient change as predicted by the verb argument structure complexity effect. This shows that the complexity effect of argument structure is different in different languages. In order to explore the influence of argument meta-structural representation on the processing of argument structure in children with intellectual disabilities, this paper discusses the syntactic and semantic representation of argument meta-structure from the perspective of the period of optional subject and the syntactic and semantic representation of argument structure. The results show that the period of optional subject has no effect on the processing of argument structure in Chinese children with intellectual disabilities and children with typical development, indicating that the period of optional subject is not universal in different languages, and it exists in such languages as English. But it doesn't exist in Chinese. Through the comparative analysis of improper use of argument structures, it is found that the representation of argument structures of verbs in children with intellectual disabilities is inaccurate or incomplete, especially the ternary verbs, which indicates that children with mental disabilities may have stored wrong verb meanings in the lexicon. The grammatical subcategory framework and argument meta-frame can not correctly link the syntactic and semantic information of argument, so the irregular use of argument structure is very frequent. On the basis of the above discussion, we find that the number of arguments and the representation of argument structure are not independent factors in language processing of children with intellectual disabilities, but the joint action leads to the defects of argument structure of children with intellectual disabilities. It also reflects that language processing ability and language knowledge representation affect children's language processing together. In addition, compared with the typical developing children, the children with mental retardation have serious damage in the processing of verb argument structure compared with the typical developmental children.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周統(tǒng)權(quán);漢語動詞配價理論及其神經(jīng)心理機制研究[D];華中師范大學(xué);2004年

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本文編號：2113941