發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-10 16:13

  本文選題：隱喻 + 關(guān)聯(lián)理論�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隱喻是一種重要的語言現(xiàn)象,在我們的日常交際中隨處可見。隱喻對(duì)詩歌、小說、戲劇等文學(xué)及藝術(shù)作品的理解起著舉足輕重的作用。電視劇作為一種綜合的藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)形式也隨處可見隱喻的巧妙運(yùn)用。本研究從斯珀伯和威爾森所提出的關(guān)聯(lián)理論角度對(duì)電視劇中的隱喻進(jìn)行了分析,旨在探索隱喻在交流中的多層次語用功能以及在隱喻解釋過程中影響語境假設(shè)建立的因素。 本研究從三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了探索性分析：語境延伸和激活共有假設(shè)的重要性,隱喻理解中的不同個(gè)體及隱喻解釋中誤解的不可避免性。 此次研究的語料全部來自電視劇《士兵突擊》中的真實(shí)臺(tái)詞。這些語料分別從詞,句,篇三個(gè)層面進(jìn)行分析。詞匯層面的分析主要從隱喻的新奇性及規(guī)約性角度展開,以此來研究語境假設(shè)構(gòu)建的不同；在句法層面,通過對(duì)兩個(gè)隱喻片段的分析,突出不同個(gè)體在隱喻理解過程中的重要性；篇章隱喻則用來強(qiáng)調(diào)誤解在隱喻交流中的不可避免性。 通過對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的分析,得出了以下發(fā)現(xiàn)：首先,隱喻在交流中的多層次語用功能分別從詞,句,篇三個(gè)層面體現(xiàn)出來。隱喻可以通過激活指稱,指稱關(guān)系和經(jīng)驗(yàn)等背景信息來激活共有假設(shè)。而且,不同聽話人對(duì)同一隱喻有不同理解。不同的個(gè)體具有不同的認(rèn)知因素,動(dòng)機(jī)因素及特定領(lǐng)域因素。其次,隱喻依賴語境,語境是隱喻理解不可分割的一部分。為尋求最佳關(guān)聯(lián),語境不斷延伸以建構(gòu)合適的假設(shè)。最后,隱喻的特點(diǎn)引導(dǎo)聽話人根據(jù)本體和喻體的相似性及差異性達(dá)到最佳關(guān)聯(lián)。 本研究對(duì)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的隱喻能力有重要的教學(xué)啟示。由于隱喻性質(zhì)的復(fù)雜性,本研究在影響語境假設(shè)建立的因素方面還有待進(jìn)一步探索。論文最后指出了本研究的不足之處并對(duì)隱喻后續(xù)研究提出了建議。
[Abstract]:Metaphor is an important linguistic phenomenon, which can be seen everywhere in our daily communication. Metaphor plays an important role in understanding literary and artistic works such as poetry, fiction, drama and so on. As a comprehensive form of artistic expression, TV plays can also be seen everywhere the clever use of metaphor. From the perspective of relevance theory proposed by Sperber and Wilson, this study aims to explore the multi-level pragmatic functions of metaphor in communication and the factors that influence the establishment of contextual assumptions in the process of metaphor interpretation. The present study makes an exploratory analysis from three aspects: the importance of contextual extension and activation of shared assumptions, the different individuals in metaphor understanding and the inevitability of misunderstanding in metaphor interpretation. The data from the study all came from the real lines of the TV series Soldier assault. These data are analyzed from three aspects: word, sentence and text. The lexical analysis is mainly carried out from the perspective of novelty and convention of metaphor to study the differences in the construction of contextual hypotheses, and at the syntactic level, through the analysis of two metaphorical fragments. The importance of different individuals in the process of metaphorical understanding is highlighted, while textual metaphor is used to emphasize the inevitability of misunderstanding in metaphorical communication. Through the analysis of the data, the following conclusions are obtained: firstly, the multi-level pragmatic functions of metaphor in communication are reflected from three levels: word, sentence and text. Metaphor can activate common hypotheses by activating referential, referential and empirical background information. Moreover, different hearers have different interpretations of the same metaphor. Different individuals have different cognitive factors, motivational factors and specific domain factors. Secondly, metaphor depends on context, which is an integral part of metaphorical understanding. To seek the best relevance, context continues to extend to construct appropriate assumptions. Finally, the characteristics of metaphor lead the hearer to achieve the best relevance according to the similarities and differences between the ontology and the vehicle. This study has important implications for the cultivation of students'metaphorical competence. Due to the complexity of metaphorical nature, the factors that influence the establishment of contextual hypothesis need to be further explored. Finally, the thesis points out the shortcomings of this study and puts forward some suggestions for the further study of metaphor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：J905;H05

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