本文選題：威妥瑪 + 《尋津錄》��； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：《尋津錄》(The Hsin Ching Lu or Book of Experiments:being the First of a Series of Contribution to the Study of Chinese,1859)是19世紀(jì)英國(guó)外交官威妥瑪針對(duì)來(lái)華翻譯生的第一本漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)教材。本文考訂《尋津錄》的成書背景及選材編排,分析該書中第一次呈現(xiàn)的威妥瑪式拼音方案,研究書中出現(xiàn)頻率較高的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)——虛字“的”和“了”,以期推進(jìn)對(duì)威妥瑪漢語(yǔ)成就的研究。共分五章： 第一章緒論,說(shuō)明選題意義,對(duì)學(xué)界關(guān)于威妥瑪?shù)臐h學(xué)研究進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單述評(píng),介紹所采用的理論、方法和文獻(xiàn)來(lái)源。 第二章對(duì)威妥瑪?shù)纳阶骱?jiǎn)單介紹,論述威氏的漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí),認(rèn)為從1841年1861年這二十年是其漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重要階段,奠定了其漢語(yǔ)觀,即北京官話是中國(guó)通行官話,掌握北京官話,特別是口語(yǔ),是非常必要的；并對(duì)《尋津錄》的編纂進(jìn)行考略,《尋津錄》是威妥瑪對(duì)來(lái)華翻譯生漢語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃的產(chǎn)物,它對(duì)漢語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)音、詞匯以及語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了一次實(shí)驗(yàn)性探索,其選材也頗為用心,第一部分《天類》選自《御制增訂清文鑒》,第二部分是對(duì)王又樸《圣諭廣訓(xùn)衍說(shuō)》第 一章的翻譯及講解。書中選取了大量的北京話口語(yǔ)詞匯 第三章考察《尋津錄》中的威妥瑪式拼音方案的緣起,分析該方案的聲韻調(diào)特點(diǎn)：記錄了27個(gè)聲母和39個(gè)韻母,共397個(gè)音節(jié),見精組聲母腭化,尖團(tuán)合流,疑微兩母消失,并入零聲母；四呼齊全,入聲韻消失。判斷北京話聲韻調(diào)在19世紀(jì)中期基本定型。并嘗試梳理《尋津錄》之后威妥瑪式拼音的發(fā)展,首先,兩版《語(yǔ)言自邇集》(1867/1886)對(duì)《尋津錄》的聲韻調(diào)進(jìn)行改訂,包括增加了23個(gè)音節(jié)、聲母附加符號(hào)的簡(jiǎn)化、增加iai韻和uo韻、對(duì)輕聲和兒化韻的認(rèn)識(shí)更為深入;其次,在翟理斯的兩版《華英字典》(1892/1912)中,翟理斯簡(jiǎn)化符號(hào)設(shè)置,取消lun音,增加jua (rua)音,威—翟式拼音體系(Wade-Giles System)形成。 第四章探究《尋津錄》中虛字“的”、“了”的用法,論述評(píng)價(jià)威妥瑪?shù)恼J(rèn)知及處理方式,“的”涵蓋了現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)“的”、“地”、“得”的語(yǔ)法功能,既可以作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)標(biāo)記,也可以作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)標(biāo)記。北京話中虛字“的”的用法在19世紀(jì)可能基本定型,并且“的”的用法可能受到滿語(yǔ)的影響。虛字“了”在《尋津錄》中的語(yǔ)音分布為liao3、liao1、la1、lo,推斷“了”從動(dòng)態(tài)助詞向語(yǔ)氣詞虛化的過(guò)程中,可能存在過(guò)渡音lo和la,語(yǔ)音虛化軌跡為liao→lo/la→le�！傲恕钡腶套和。套音變韻,可能也是滿語(yǔ)發(fā)音的滲透。 第五章總結(jié)《尋津錄》的內(nèi)容,討論其可能價(jià)值。這是一本綜合性的實(shí)驗(yàn)性讀本,真實(shí)地反映了19世紀(jì)北京話口語(yǔ)的面貌。第一次系統(tǒng)地提出了威妥瑪式拼音方案,此后的《語(yǔ)言自邇集》基本沿用了該方案。
[Abstract]:The Hsin Ching Lu or Book of perimeters: being the first of a Series of contribution to the study to Chinese 1859 is the first Chinese translation textbook of the 19th-century British diplomat Wade. This paper examines the background and material arrangement of the book, analyzes the Wade phonetic scheme presented for the first time in the book, and studies the frequent grammatical point of the book, namely "the sum" of the "empty character". In order to promote the study of Wade Chinese achievements. It is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is an introduction to the significance of the topic, a brief review of the academic research on Wade Sinology, the introduction of the theory, methods and sources of literature. The second chapter makes a brief introduction to Wade's life, discusses Wei's Chinese learning, and holds that the 20 years from 1861 to 1841 is an important stage of his Chinese learning, which lays the foundation of his view of Chinese, that is, Beijing Mandarin is the official language in China and master the Beijing Mandarin. In particular, spoken language is very necessary, and the compilation of "seek Jin Lu" is a product of Wade's Chinese training program for translation students coming to China. The lexical and grammatical features were explored in an experimental way, and the material was chosen with great care. The first part is about the translation and explanation of the first chapter of Wang Youpu, the second part is about the translation and explanation of the first chapter of Wang Youpu. In chapter three, a large number of oral vocabulary of Beijing dialect are selected to investigate the origin of the Wade phonetic scheme, and the phonological characteristics of the scheme are analyzed: 27 initials and 39 vowels are recorded, and a total of 397 syllables are recorded. There was palatation of the consonants, confluence of the sharp clusters, disappearance of the two female suspects, incorporation of zero consonants, complete intonation and disappearance of the entering rhyme. It is judged that the tone and rhyme of Beijing dialect were basically fixed in the middle of the 19 th century. And try to sort out the development of Wade Pinyin after "seek Jin Lu". First, two editions of "language since you" (1867 / 1886) have modified the tone of "seeking Jinlu", including the addition of 23 syllables, the simplification of initial symbols, and the addition of iai rhyme and uo rhyme. Secondly, in Zelis's two editions of "Hua Ying Dictionary" (1892 / 1912), Zhai Li simplifies the symbol setting, cancels the lun sound, increases the jua (rua) sound, and forms the Wade-Giles system. The fourth chapter explores the usage of the empty words "," in "seek Jin Lu", and discusses the cognitive and processing methods of evaluating Wade. The grammatical functions of "covering modern Chinese", "land" and "de" can be used as attributives. Adverbial markers can also be used as complement marks. The usage of the empty word in Beijing dialect may have been basically fixed in the 19 th century, and its usage may be influenced by Manchu. The phonetic distribution of the empty word "Huo" in "seeking Jin Lu" is liao3 / liao1 / la1 / loo. It is inferred that there may be a transition sound lo and la. the track of phonetic vacualization is liao / lo/la / L / L during the process from dynamic auxiliary to modal word. A sum of "already". Set sound change rhyme, may also be the penetration of Manchu pronunciation. The fifth chapter summarizes the content of "seek Jin Lu" and discusses its possible value. This is a comprehensive experimental book, a true reflection of the 19 th century Beijing dialect oral appearance. In this paper, Wade Pinyin is proposed for the first time, and since then, the scheme has been basically used in the Collection of languages from you.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H195

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張衛(wèi)東;論19世紀(jì)中外文化交往中的漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)[J];北京大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2000年04期

2 張衛(wèi)東;威妥瑪氏《語(yǔ)言自邇集》所記的北京音系[J];北京大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1998年04期

3 鄭夢(mèng)娟;;19世紀(jì)上半葉西方漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法研究成果簡(jiǎn)評(píng)[J];長(zhǎng)江學(xué)術(shù);2008年01期

4 姚小平;西方人眼中的中國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)史[J];國(guó)外語(yǔ)言學(xué);1996年03期

5 郭銳;表述功能的轉(zhuǎn)化和“的”字的作用[J];當(dāng)代語(yǔ)言學(xué);2000年01期

6 朱德熙;北京話、廣州話、文水話和福州話里的“的”字[J];方言;1980年03期

7 崣元任;;北京助詞[J];方言;1992年02期

8 齊滬揚(yáng);張秋杭;;“是……的”句研究述評(píng)[J];廣播電視大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2005年04期

9 于昕;史言;;華語(yǔ)教學(xué)與語(yǔ)言學(xué)的結(jié)晶——威妥瑪《語(yǔ)言自邇集》及《北京話異讀字表》評(píng)議[J];國(guó)際漢語(yǔ)學(xué)報(bào);2011年01期

10 魯健驥;;《踐約傳》——19世紀(jì)中葉中國(guó)人編寫的漢語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)易讀物[J];國(guó)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)動(dòng)態(tài);2004年04期

，

本文編號(hào)：2078621