本文選題：交通活動(dòng) + 漢語��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文依據(jù)菲爾墨“場景”的模式理論,就一個(gè)整體事件交通活動(dòng)進(jìn)行分析,根據(jù)參與到透視域中的角色的不同,交通活動(dòng)可以分為交通乘用活動(dòng)、交通駕馭活動(dòng)、交通運(yùn)行活動(dòng)及交通運(yùn)輸活動(dòng)四類。語言對這四類交通活動(dòng)是如何進(jìn)行表達(dá)的,分別采取了哪些理據(jù)類型進(jìn)行表達(dá),四類交通活動(dòng)理據(jù)類型之間存在怎樣的關(guān)系,其間理據(jù)類型異同關(guān)系的原因是什么,以及四類活動(dòng)是怎樣進(jìn)行疊置表達(dá)的等都是本文所要探討的對象。本文綜合采用了統(tǒng)計(jì)、比較研究、整體研究和多維度研究的方法,盡可能呈現(xiàn)語言對交通活動(dòng)的表達(dá)及其運(yùn)籌,并從中探究語言內(nèi)部的運(yùn)行機(jī)制。 語言對交通乘用活動(dòng)的表達(dá)采用了以體姿活動(dòng)、以空間的接觸關(guān)系、上下位移活動(dòng),以及以交通運(yùn)輸活動(dòng)蘊(yùn)含表達(dá)四種理據(jù)類型,“坐”在以體姿活動(dòng)表達(dá)策略中獲勝,“上|下|乘”在以上下位移活動(dòng)表達(dá)策略中獲勝。由于范疇化的作用,人們選用“坐電梯”而非實(shí)時(shí)的“站電梯”進(jìn)行表達(dá)。語言對交通駕馭活動(dòng)的表達(dá)采用了以肢體及物性活動(dòng)、以發(fā)動(dòng)／安置活動(dòng)、以相關(guān)致使義活動(dòng)、以接觸關(guān)系表達(dá),以及用如乘用活動(dòng)“我坐他開的車”蘊(yùn)含表達(dá)駕馭活動(dòng)五種理據(jù)類型。如“踩單車|劃船”“開車|駕車”“卓を怟耘する(開車)”“掌舵”分別是對前四種理據(jù)類型表達(dá)的示例。與駕馭動(dòng)詞“開”和“駕”搭配的交通工具的類型呈現(xiàn)出中心-邊緣的圖式類型。語言對交通運(yùn)行活動(dòng)的表達(dá)采用了以水平位移活動(dòng)“運(yùn)行|飛馳”、以起訖/經(jīng)由活動(dòng)“起航|著陸|穿越”、以發(fā)動(dòng)活動(dòng)“開(著)”以及以交通駕馭活動(dòng)“他在開車”蘊(yùn)含表達(dá)四種理據(jù)類型。存在有以“車在走”“飛機(jī)飛行”等對“行走”“飛行”圖式的模仿,以水平位移活動(dòng)表達(dá)的理據(jù)類型屬于基于相似性的隱喻的認(rèn)知模式,是語言表達(dá)對起點(diǎn)—路徑—目標(biāo)圖式的模仿。語言對交通運(yùn)輸活動(dòng)的表達(dá)則采用了以肢體及物活動(dòng)“拉”、以起訖活動(dòng)“起運(yùn)”、以及以水平位移活動(dòng)的運(yùn)行和使貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)南嚓P(guān)致使的混合義“運(yùn)輸|空運(yùn)”表達(dá)四種理據(jù)類型,采用了轉(zhuǎn)喻和隱喻兩種認(rèn)知模式進(jìn)行表達(dá)。 交通活動(dòng)是一個(gè)由四類活動(dòng)組成的有機(jī)整體,各類活動(dòng)之間存在緊密的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,能夠進(jìn)行疊置表達(dá),在理據(jù)類型相似度上表現(xiàn)出兩兩對應(yīng)的相關(guān)關(guān)系。理據(jù)異同關(guān)系的原因可以從各類交通活動(dòng)的性質(zhì)及區(qū)別性特征上去分析。疊置表達(dá)則受詞匯標(biāo)記、語序、蘊(yùn)含等多種作用因素影響。語言表達(dá)中存在競爭和兼容的雙重狀態(tài),因觀察角度的不同,語言對某一活動(dòng)的表達(dá)存在多種表達(dá)形式,人們可以尋求最優(yōu)的表達(dá)。語言對交通活動(dòng)的表達(dá)與人的認(rèn)知和常規(guī)關(guān)系模式密切相關(guān),且具有自身的系統(tǒng)性、豐富性、理據(jù)性。
[Abstract]:Based on the model theory of "scene", this paper analyzes a whole event traffic activity. According to the different roles involved in perspective domain, traffic activity can be divided into traffic riding activity and traffic driving activity. Traffic operation activity and traffic transportation activity 4 kinds. How these four types of traffic activities are expressed by language, which types of motivations are adopted, what is the relationship between the four types of motivation of traffic activities, and what are the reasons for the similarities and differences between the different types of motivation? Four kinds of activities are discussed in this paper. In this paper, the methods of statistics, comparative study, whole research and multi-dimensional research are used to show the expression of language to traffic activity and its operation as far as possible, and to explore the internal operating mechanism of language. The language uses four kinds of motivations to express traffic activities, such as body-pose activities, spatial contact relations, up-down and up-down displacement activities, and expresses four kinds of motivations by means of transport activities. "sitting" wins in expressing strategies of body-posture activities. "up and down multiply" in the above lower displacement activity expression strategy wins. Because of categorization, people choose "elevator" instead of real-time "station elevator" to express. Language uses physical and physical activities to initiate / place activities, related causative activities, and contact relationships to express traffic control activities. And the use of activities such as riding "I in his car" contains five types of motivation to express driving activities. For example, "cycling", "driving", "driving" and "steering" are examples of the first four types of motivation. The types of vehicles combined with the driving and driving verbs show a central-edge pattern. The expression of traffic movement in the language is to use the horizontal displacement activity to "run the force", and to start / pass through the activity "to set sail and land through", It expresses four kinds of motivations by initiating activities "driving" and using "he is driving". There are imitation of "walking" and "flying" by "car in motion" and "flying", and the motivation types expressed by horizontal displacement activities belong to the cognitive model of metaphor based on similarity. Is the language expression of the starting point-path-goal schema imitation. On the other hand, the expression of language for traffic and transportation activities is "pulling" with body and material activities, and "starting" with "transportation" by means of "starting" activities. As well as the mixed meaning of "transport by air" in terms of the movement of horizontal displacement activities and the related causes of cargo transport, four types of motivation are expressed, which are metonymy and metaphorical cognitive models. Traffic activity is an organic whole composed of four kinds of activities. There is a close internal relation between each kind of activity, which can be expressed in overlay, and the similarity of motivation type shows a pairwise correlation. The reasons for the similarities and differences of motivation can be analyzed from the nature and distinguishing characteristics of various traffic activities. Superposition expressions are influenced by lexical markers, word order, implication and other factors. There is a dual state of competition and compatibility in language expression. Because of different observation angles, there are many forms of expression of a certain activity in language, so people can seek the best expression. The expression of language to traffic activities is closely related to the cognitive and conventional patterns of human beings, and has its own systematicness, richness and motivation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H030

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