本文選題：原型范疇理論 + 委婉語　； 參考：《南昌航空大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：委婉語作為一種特殊的語言現(xiàn)象，在社會(huì)交際與交流中充當(dāng)“潤滑劑”的作用，調(diào)節(jié)并改善人與人、國與國之間的關(guān)系。委婉語的使用可以有效避免因一些不愉快的詞匯而導(dǎo)致社會(huì)交際中出現(xiàn)的尷尬情景。通過對(duì)這些詞匯的語義擴(kuò)展和美化，可順應(yīng)交際雙方的心理需求，從而達(dá)到一種良好的交際效果。正是基于這些特征，委婉語一直是國內(nèi)外專家學(xué)者競相研究的熱門話題之一。 語言與模因是密不可分的，謝朝群、何自然認(rèn)為：“語言本身就是一種模因，模因也寓于語言之中”。研究語言模因，，不僅能揭示話語流傳和語言傳播的規(guī)律，還有助于促進(jìn)語言的進(jìn)化和發(fā)展。因此，本文嘗試性地將委婉語視為一種語言模因，通過對(duì)委婉語模因的研究和分析，找出委婉語的發(fā)展及變化規(guī)律。經(jīng)筆者研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，目前對(duì)委婉語語言模因的研究大多是從語義學(xué)、修辭學(xué)、文體學(xué)等角度進(jìn)行分析和研究，而未能從認(rèn)知的角度對(duì)其進(jìn)行深入探討。認(rèn)知語言學(xué)作為一門新興的學(xué)科，為委婉語的探討和研究提供了新的視角及方法。本文選取認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的重要理論之一——原型范疇理論作為文章的理論基礎(chǔ)，嘗試通過原型范疇理論對(duì)委婉語進(jìn)行深層次地認(rèn)知分析。旨在加深人們對(duì)委婉語的認(rèn)識(shí)與了解，在一定度上為委婉語的研究提供新的視角與途徑。 基于原型范疇理論，文章首先從認(rèn)知角度對(duì)委婉語模因進(jìn)行重新分類。根據(jù)委婉語模因原型特征，筆者將委婉語模因分為傳統(tǒng)類與新興類，并且分別討論了這兩大類委婉語模因與其原型的關(guān)系。最后通過對(duì)一些典型的委婉語模因范疇進(jìn)行深入分析，本文得出以下結(jié)論： 第一，傳統(tǒng)類委婉語模因的原型為其相對(duì)應(yīng)的禁忌語，禁忌語隸屬基本層次范疇即原型范疇，委婉語模因?qū)儆诮烧Z的上位范疇；第二，新興類委婉語模因的原型則是一些需要被美化和拔高的詞匯，與傳統(tǒng)類模因的原型對(duì)比，其凸顯性較弱，因此，新興類委婉語模因的范疇成員較易變化；第三，在這兩類委婉語模因中，強(qiáng)勢模因與范疇的原型距離較近，直接或間接具備部分相關(guān)原型的屬性。因此，強(qiáng)勢模因能歷經(jīng)時(shí)間的洗禮，最終被保留下來并得以傳播，而其他弱勢模因則漸漸淡化并退出歷史舞臺(tái)；第四，委婉語強(qiáng)勢模因具有簡約性和動(dòng)態(tài)性這兩個(gè)基本特征。
[Abstract]:As a special linguistic phenomenon, euphemism acts as a "lubricant" in social communication and communication to regulate and improve the relationship between people and countries. The use of euphemism can effectively avoid awkward situations in social communication caused by unpleasant words. By extending and beautifying the semantic meaning of these words, we can adapt to the psychological needs of both sides of communication and achieve a good communicative effect. On the basis of these characteristics, euphemism has always been one of the hot topics of domestic and foreign experts and scholars. Language and meme are inseparable. Xie Chaoqun, he naturally thinks: "language itself is a meme. Memes are also found in language. The study of language memes can not only reveal the rules of language spreading and language dissemination, but also promote the evolution and development of language. Therefore, this paper tries to regard euphemism as a language meme, and through the research and analysis of euphemism, find out the development and change law of euphemism. The author finds that most of the researches on the linguistic memes of euphemism are mainly from the perspectives of semantics, rhetoric and stylistics, but not from the perspective of cognition. As a new subject, cognitive linguistics provides a new perspective and method for the study of euphemism. This paper selects prototype category theory, one of the most important theories of cognitive linguistics, as the theoretical basis of this paper, and attempts to make a deep cognitive analysis of euphemism through prototype category theory. In order to deepen the understanding and understanding of euphemism and to provide a new perspective and approach to the study of euphemism to a certain extent, based on the prototype category theory, this paper first reclassifies the memes of euphemism from the perspective of cognition. According to the prototype characteristics of euphemism, the author divides euphemism into traditional and emerging categories, and discusses the relationship between these two categories of euphemism and its prototype. Finally, through the in-depth analysis of some typical categories of euphemism memes, this paper draws the following conclusions: first, the prototype of traditional euphemism memes is its corresponding taboo language, and the taboo words belong to the category of prototype at the basic level. Euphemism meme belongs to the upper category of taboo words. Secondly, the prototype of emerging euphemism memes is some words that need to be beautified and elevated. The category members of emerging euphemism memes are easy to change. Thirdly, in these two kinds of euphemism memes, the strong memes are close to the prototype of the category, and directly or indirectly possess the attributes of some related prototypes. Therefore, the strong meme can be preserved and propagated after time baptism, while the other weak memes gradually fade down and withdraw from the historical stage. Fourthly, the strong meme of euphemism has the two basic characteristics of simplicity and dynamic.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌航空大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H030

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 嚴(yán)慧娟;張U

本文編號(hào)：2006203