本文選題：英語致使移動構式 + 中文致使移動構式　； 參考：《江西師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：致使移動構式在許多語言中是一種普遍的現象。世界范圍內已經有許多語言學家從不同的角度對致使移動構式進行了深入的探討和研究。本文基于Goldberg所提出的構式語法框架,嘗試采用“自上而下”和“自下而上”的研究方法,分別對英文致使移動構式和中文致使移動構式進行了分析并進行了對比性的研究。 英語致使移動構式的結構形式可以表示為“[SUBJ [V OBJ OBL]]”（V是一個非靜態(tài)動詞，OBL是一個方向性短語），它的基本語義是“X致使Y移向Z”。其句式表達為“NP1+V+NP2+PP”。在英文中，致使移動構式的意義不能從詞項以及其他的構式中推斷出來，因而表現為獨立于動詞而存在的形式和意義的對應。在本文中，英語致使移動構式中的動詞和構式的融合得倒了系統(tǒng)地分析。此外，對于英語致使移動構式的四個延伸意義也做了一一介紹，同時，英語致使移動構式中存在的語義限制在本文中得到了概括性的介紹。 中文致使移動構式是一個非常復雜的系統(tǒng)，因為中文中存在著多種表達方式可以用來表述致使移動的概念，比如：“把字句”，“使字句”，“得字句”，“使成句”，“使令句”，“動結式”等等，這些句式都具有“X致使Y移向Z”的語義特征。句式上中文致使移動構式表示為“NP1+VP1+NP2+VP2”，其中VP1由特殊動詞“把、使、讓、令、叫等”來擔任，它們對名詞NP2進行控制，使其在NP1所發(fā)出的致使力的作用下沿著指定方向進行位移，并且路徑通常由VP2“動詞+出、進、上、來”來表達。在中文致使移動構式中，動詞和論元的參與者相互作用，其實質表示為動詞與構式的融合，從而表達出致使移動的意義。 根據對中英致使移動構式的分別討論，文章最后通過對兩者的致使概念，語義表達，構式形式進行分析，比較得出了一些兩者異同點。作為一種特殊的構式，致使移動構式是獨立于動詞的形式與意義的匹配，確實存在于英語和漢語中，并且在兩種語言中都有其存在的意義和必要性。英語致使移動構式和中文致使移動構式在語義上大致是相同的，都表示施事論元發(fā)出某種致使力，使其作用于受事物體，，并且致使其沿著指定的方向發(fā)生位移。在概念結構上兩者都包括“致使者”，“受事者”，“致使力”以及“位移”路徑。所不同的是，由于漢語的復雜性，中文致使移動構式中通常會含有特定的標志詞，及所提及的VP1“把、讓、使、叫、令”等。這使得中文致使移動構式中必須存在一個“動-介式結構”或者是“動趨式結構”跟在后面來表示受事的位移路徑。而英語致使移動構式中結構則比較單一，一般都是通過PP介詞短語來表達受事的位移路徑的。
[Abstract]:Causative construction is a common phenomenon in many languages. Many linguists all over the world have studied the causative movement construction from different angles. Based on the framework of construction grammar proposed by Goldberg, this paper attempts to use the methods of "top-down" and "bottom-up" to analyze and compare the English and Chinese causative mobile constructions, respectively. The structural form of the English causative mobile construction can be expressed as "[SUBJ [V OBJ OBL]" V is a non-static verb and OBL is a directional phrase, its basic meaning is "X causes Y to move to Z". Its sentence expression is "NP1 V NP2 PP". In English, the meaning of the moving construction can not be inferred from the word items and other constructions, so it is shown as the correspondence between the form and the meaning which exist independently of the verb. In this paper, the fusion of verbs and constructions in English mobile constructions is systematically analyzed. In addition, the four extended meanings of English causative mobile construction are introduced one by one. At the same time, the semantic limitation in English causative mobile construction is introduced in this paper. The Chinese causative movement construction is a very complex system, because there are many expressions in Chinese that can be used to express the concept of causing movement, such as: "make words", "get words", "make sentences", "make sentences". All of them have the semantic characteristics of "X causes Y to move to Z". "NP1 VP1 NP2 VP2" is the word "NP1 VP1 NP2 VP2," in which the VP1 is controlled by the special verb "," make, order, call, etc. "and they control the noun NP2. Cause it to move in the specified direction under the action of the causative force issued by NP1, and the path is usually expressed by VP2 "the verb out, in, up, come". In Chinese causative movement construction, the participants of verb and argument interact with each other, the essence of which is the fusion of verb and construction, thus expressing the meaning of causative movement. According to the discussion of Chinese and English causative mobile constructions, this paper analyzes the concept of causation, semantic expression and construction form, and draws some similarities and differences between them. As a special construction, it is independent of the matching of verb form and meaning. It does exist in English and Chinese, and has its meaning and necessity in both languages. The English and Chinese causative constructions are almost the same in semantics, which means that the agent argument emits some causative force that acts on the subject and causes it to shift along the specified direction. In conceptual structure, both include causator, acceptor, causative force and displacement path. The difference is that due to the complexity of the Chinese language, the Chinese causative mobile constructions usually contain specific markers, and the VP1 "pass, make, call, order" and so on. This makes it necessary to have a "moving-intermediate structure" or "moving-trend structure" followed by the moving construction to indicate the displacement path of the patient. In English, the structure of the moving construction is relatively simple, and the displacement path of the patient is expressed by the PP prepositional phrase.
【學位授予單位】：江西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H314;H146

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本文編號：1960271