本文選題：漢語反實條件句 + 語義預設(shè)��； 參考：《湘潭大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：預設(shè)一直是人們關(guān)注的熱點，但對預設(shè)觸發(fā)語的研究相對較少，而針對某一類預設(shè)觸發(fā)語預設(shè)的微觀研究仍未見于文獻。本文在可能世界語義理論的框架下，對漢語有標記反實條件句的預設(shè)進行多角度的研究，包括對漢語有標記反實條件句預設(shè)的具體過程進行解讀，對反實條件句的預設(shè)及其真值條件的關(guān)系進行分析及對反實條件句的預設(shè)與反事實思維之間的關(guān)系進行分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)如下： 首先，無論漢語有標記反實條件句的前后件時間是否一致，其預設(shè)均由以下四個因素共同觸發(fā)，即，“如果”的語義，條件句前件的時間，漢語有標記反實條件句前件的肯定與否定形式的語義互補關(guān)系，“存在”和“不存在”的語義互補關(guān)系�？梢姖h語有標記反實條件句預設(shè)的觸發(fā)與其前件關(guān)系更為密切。 其次，漢語有標記反實條件句的真值條件句可總結(jié)為以下三點：前件在其上為真的可能世界；與現(xiàn)實世界最相似的可能世界；后件在其上為真的可能世界。漢語有標記反實條件句的預設(shè)與第二個真值條件密切相關(guān)，為幫助區(qū)分與現(xiàn)實世界最相似的可能世界的最重要因素。 再次，Bloom (20-98)認為由于漢語中缺乏虛擬式，，所以說漢語的人不善于反事實思維，本研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)與Bloom的觀點相左。漢語中沒有虛擬式，但和英語條件句一樣，漢語條件句也分為真實條件句和反實條件句，且反實條件句所觸發(fā)的預設(shè)與相應(yīng)的英語反實條件句的預設(shè)完全相同，英漢條件句在語義上完全對等，由此說明是否善于反事實思維與語言中是否有虛擬式并無直接聯(lián)系。本研究也從一個側(cè)面支持了語言相對論假說弱式。
[Abstract]:Presupposition has always been the focus of attention, but the research on presupposition triggers is relatively few, while the microscopic research on presupposition is still not seen in the literature. Under the framework of the theory of possible world semantics, this paper studies the presupposition of Chinese marked anti-real conditionals from various angles, including the interpretation of the specific process of the presupposition of Chinese marked anti-real conditionals. This paper analyzes the relationship between the presupposition and the truth condition of the anti-real conditional sentence and the relationship between the presupposition of the anti-real conditional sentence and the counterfactual thinking. The study found the following: First of all, regardless of whether the time before and after the sentence is the same or not, the presupposition is triggered by the following four factors, namely, the semantics of "if" and the time of the preceding part of the conditional sentence. The semantic complementary relationship between positive and negative forms of positive and negative forms, and the semantic complementation between "existence" and "non-existence". It can be seen that the presupposition trigger of Chinese marked contractile conditional sentence is more closely related to its antecedents. Secondly, the truth conditional sentence of Chinese marked anti-reality conditional sentence can be summed up as follows: the former piece is the real possible world on it; the possible world most similar to the real world; and the latter part is the real possible world on it. The presupposition of Chinese marked anti-real conditionals is closely related to the second truth condition, which is the most important factor to help distinguish the possible world, which is most similar to the real world. Again, Bloom 20-98) argues that Chinese speakers are not good at counterfactual thinking due to the lack of virtual form in Chinese. The findings of this study are contrary to Bloom's view. There is no virtual form in Chinese, but like English conditional sentence, Chinese conditional sentence is divided into real conditional sentence and anti-real conditional sentence, and the presupposition triggered by the anti-real conditional sentence is exactly the same as that of the corresponding English counterfactual conditional sentence. English and Chinese conditional sentences are semantically equivalent, which shows that there is no direct connection between whether they are good at counterfactual thinking and whether there is a virtual form in the language. This study also supports the weak form of linguistic relativity hypothesis.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

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本文編號：1956828