本文選題：關(guān)聯(lián)理論 + 口譯��； 參考：《上海外國語大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：由Sperber和Wilson提出的關(guān)聯(lián)理論提供了一種解釋人類交際的新視角。他們認(rèn)為言語交際是一種明示一推理交際,明示和推理是交際的兩個方面。明示就是說話人明確地向聽話人表達(dá)意圖的一種行為。推理就是聽眾通過關(guān)聯(lián)明示手段所提供的信息和語境推斷出說話人的意圖。較集中傳遞的信息可分為信息意圖和交際意圖兩種。根據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)理論,交際雙方的行為都是設(shè)想該行為具有最佳關(guān)聯(lián)性為前提的,也就是假定信息在特定語境中能產(chǎn)生最佳語境效果,為達(dá)到這種效果所需的努力最小。 在關(guān)聯(lián)理論被提出后,它不僅被用于解釋交際活動也被應(yīng)用其它相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究中。由于口譯是交際活動的一種,用于解釋普遍交際的理論也可以被用來解釋口譯現(xiàn)象。由于英漢兩種語言在語法、邏輯及文化方面的差異,要在口譯中獲得與原文對等的語言明晰度,口譯員應(yīng)該遵循顯化的方法。因此,在口譯過程中,顯化是一個不可避免的現(xiàn)象,也是一個非常重要的問題。近幾十年來,許多學(xué)者致力于研究翻譯中的顯化現(xiàn)象,并且從多個角度對顯化進(jìn)行了分類。但是,顯化在口譯中的應(yīng)用卻鮮有研究,而對此系統(tǒng)的理論研究尚未形成。 眾所周知,與筆譯不同,交替?zhèn)髯g中的口譯員要面臨口譯中的許多壓力,比如筆記、短期記憶、壓力和時間限制等,因此口譯員要顯化出原語中所有的隱含信息是相當(dāng)困難的。譯員選擇顯化與發(fā)言者的意圖和聽眾的期望有很大關(guān)聯(lián)。能讓聽眾獲得最佳的信息和交際意圖而花費最小努力的顯化,是最有效的顯化。 在關(guān)聯(lián)理論最佳關(guān)聯(lián)的框架下,作者嘗試性地提出口譯員需要在能減少聽眾獲得最佳語境效果付出的努力的地方進(jìn)行合適的顯化,達(dá)到最佳關(guān)聯(lián)。最后在此基礎(chǔ)上本文將關(guān)聯(lián)理論應(yīng)用到口譯教學(xué)中,建議加強(qiáng)學(xué)生聽力理解、文化意識和非言語信息的把握的能力,期望能促進(jìn)口譯教學(xué)質(zhì)量的提高。
[Abstract]:Relevance theory proposed by Sperber and Wilson provides a new perspective to explain human communication. They think that verbal communication is a kind of ostensive-inferential communication, ostensive-inferential communication is two aspects of communication. Express is a kind of behavior that the speaker clearly expresses his intention to the hearer. Inference is that the audience infer the speaker's intention through the information and context provided by the relevant explicit means. The information can be divided into two types: information intention and communicative intention. According to relevance theory, the behavior of both communicators is based on the assumption that the behavior has the best relevance, that is, it is assumed that information can produce the best contextual effect in a specific context, and the effort to achieve this effect is minimal. Since relevance theory was proposed, it has been used not only to explain communicative activities but also in other related fields. As interpreting is a kind of communicative activity, the theory used to explain universal communication can also be used to explain the phenomenon of interpreting. Due to the differences in grammar, logic and culture between English and Chinese, the interpreter should follow the explicit method in order to obtain the language clarity equivalent to the original text in interpretation. Therefore, in the process of interpretation, manifesting is an inevitable phenomenon and a very important issue. In recent decades, many scholars have devoted themselves to the study of explicit phenomena in translation and classified them from several angles. However, the application of manifesting in interpreting is seldom studied, and the theoretical study of this system has not yet been formed. It is well known that, unlike translators, interpreters in consecutive interpretation have to face many pressures in interpretation, such as notes, short-term memory, pressure and time constraints. Therefore, it is very difficult for interpreters to manifest all the implicit information in the source language. The interpreter's choice of manifestation is closely related to the speaker's intention and the audience's expectations. It is the most effective manifestation that can give the audience the best information and communication intention with minimal effort. Under the framework of the best relevance of relevance theory, the author tries to suggest that interpreters need to make appropriate representations in places where the effort to reduce the audience's effort to achieve the best contextual effects can be reduced to achieve optimal relevance. Finally, the relevance theory is applied to the teaching of interpreting, and it is suggested that the students' ability of listening comprehension, cultural awareness and non-verbal information should be strengthened so as to improve the teaching quality of interpreting.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H059

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