本文選題：否定 + 簡(jiǎn)省句��； 參考：《浙江師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中產(chǎn)生了很多形式簡(jiǎn)單、語(yǔ)義自足、常帶語(yǔ)氣詞且?guī)в蟹穸ㄐ灾饔^表義功能的口語(yǔ)句。本文從功能和語(yǔ)義視角出發(fā),按照否定功能表義的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)約二十個(gè)日�？谡Z(yǔ)句式進(jìn)行劃分,形成了“否定性簡(jiǎn)省句”的大致框架。本文分為六個(gè)部分： 第一部分通過(guò)與“省略句”、“半截話”的定義對(duì)比,我們對(duì)“簡(jiǎn)省句”的含義重新作了界定：結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、語(yǔ)氣完整；語(yǔ)義自足、有固定格式義；很難填補(bǔ)；表層結(jié)構(gòu)與深層語(yǔ)義不對(duì)等。而“否定性簡(jiǎn)省句”除了具備簡(jiǎn)省句的特點(diǎn)外,還兼具了否定表達(dá)的功能,并且這種否定表義并不等同于消極情感義表達(dá)。 第二部分首先分析了現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)否定性簡(jiǎn)省句的整體特征：語(yǔ)音上,短小精悍；詞類上,常用語(yǔ)氣詞；句法上,具有反常規(guī)性；語(yǔ)義功能上,有規(guī)約性、不可推導(dǎo)性和交叉性的特征；語(yǔ)用場(chǎng)合上,交際雙方地位對(duì)等。在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)否定功能和來(lái)源劃定否定性簡(jiǎn)省句的功能類別,包括三大層級(jí)五大類：行為否定類、意愿否定類、推測(cè)否定類、預(yù)期否定類、評(píng)價(jià)否定類。同一否定性簡(jiǎn)省句在不同語(yǔ)境中可以出現(xiàn)不同的否定功能。 第三、四部分分別對(duì)兩種典型否定性簡(jiǎn)省句進(jìn)行逐一分析,主要從語(yǔ)義、否定來(lái)源和主觀化等方面對(duì)“又來(lái)了!”、“至于嗎?”進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的探討。行為否定類簡(jiǎn)省句“又來(lái)了!”,其消極情緒義是由語(yǔ)義焦點(diǎn)“又”引發(fā)的。從外部環(huán)境來(lái)看,語(yǔ)境壓制與認(rèn)知理?yè)?jù)上的影響進(jìn)一步促使其否定義的生成�！爸劣趩�?”有行為否定義與意愿否定義兩種含義表達(dá),隨著語(yǔ)境的轉(zhuǎn)換會(huì)有所變化。我們認(rèn)為,“至于嗎?”否定義的生成與“至于”語(yǔ)義的演變以及“甚至于”的出現(xiàn)有很大關(guān)系。它可能是由“至于……嗎?”簡(jiǎn)省固化產(chǎn)生而來(lái),但這兩種句式仍有所差別。 第五節(jié)為結(jié)論部分。首先對(duì)本文的主要內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了大致概括,其次對(duì)本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)作了分析。
[Abstract]:In recent years, modern Chinese has produced many colloquial sentences with simple form, semantic self-sufficiency, often with modal words and negative subjective semantic functions. From the perspective of function and semantics, this paper classifies about 20 daily spoken sentence patterns according to the criterion of negative functional table meaning, and forms the general frame of "negative simplified sentence saving". This paper is divided into six parts: In the first part, by contrasting with the definitions of "ellipsis sentence" and "half sentence", we redefine the meaning of "simple sentence": simple structure, complete tone, self-sufficient semantics, fixed form meaning, difficult to fill; The surface structure is not equal to the deep semantic. In addition to the features of the simplified sentence, the negative simplified sentence also has the function of negative expression, which is not equal to negative emotional expression. The second part first analyzes the overall characteristics of the negative simple sentence in modern Chinese: phonetic, short, concise; part of speech, commonly used mood words; syntactic, has anti-conventional, semantic function, there are rules, The indeductible and intersecting features; in pragmatic situations, the communicative parties are of equal status. On this basis, according to the negative function and source, the functional categories of negative simple sentence are classified, including three levels and five categories: behavior negation, willingness negation, conjecture negation, expected negation, and evaluation negation. The same negative simple sentence can have different negative functions in different contexts. The third and fourth parts analyze the two typical negative simple sentences one by one, mainly from the semantic, negative sources and subjective aspects of "again!", "as for?" A detailed discussion was made. The negative emotional meaning of behavioral negation is triggered by semantic focus. From the external environment, the influence of contextual repression and cognitive motivation further promotes the formation of its definition. "as for it?" The definition of behavior and intention will change with the change of context. We thought, "as for that?" The formation of the definition of "no" is closely related to the evolution of the semantics of "as" and the appearance of "even". It may be by "as for." "?" Simplex solidification came into being, but the two sentence patterns are still different. Section V is the concluding part. Firstly, the main contents of this paper are summarized, and then the innovation of this paper is analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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