本文選題：高 + 低��； 參考：《云南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：“高”“低”是我們生活中常用的一對(duì)反義形容詞,目前還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)該組反義詞進(jìn)行專門研究。本文在標(biāo)記理論和認(rèn)知語言學(xué)原理的基礎(chǔ)上,從共時(shí)和歷時(shí)相結(jié)合的角度對(duì)“高”“低”這對(duì)反義詞從詞匯、語義和句法三個(gè)方面的不對(duì)稱進(jìn)行描寫和解釋。 本文的主要內(nèi)容包括以下幾個(gè)部分： 第一部分：引論。本部分主要介紹相關(guān)問題的研究狀況；“高”“低”的研究綜述：本論文研究的語料來源及研究方法。 第二部分：詞匯層面的共時(shí)描寫和解釋。從“高”“低”義項(xiàng)、構(gòu)詞數(shù)量、構(gòu)詞形式和使用頻率等方面來進(jìn)行分析,得出“高“低”及其所構(gòu)詞在詞匯層面的總體特點(diǎn)是不對(duì)稱中存在著對(duì)稱性。 第三部分：語義演變的歷時(shí)描寫和解釋。分別梳理“高”“低”的語義演變,從而得出從“高”“低”產(chǎn)生的時(shí)間不對(duì)稱,語義引申的時(shí)間不對(duì)稱,語義演變具體方式不對(duì)稱,語義感情色彩變化不對(duì)稱。 第四部分：語法層面的描寫和解釋。從語法層面來考察“高”“低”分別和名詞、動(dòng)詞、程度副詞、數(shù)量短語搭配的情況,在跟名詞、動(dòng)詞、程度副詞搭配基本上是對(duì)稱的,但也呈現(xiàn)出諸多不對(duì)稱的方面�！案摺蹦芎鸵恍┚唧w名詞和抽象名詞搭配,卻沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)和“低”搭配的句子�！袄�、蠻”等程度副詞傾向于和“高”搭配,很少跟“低”搭配。“高”可以和數(shù)量短語搭配,表示高度,“低”不能搭配�！案摺薄暗汀庇糜诒容^句時(shí),“只有那么高=只有那么低”,“高”表示“高度”,“高”“低”可以互換。 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)“高”出現(xiàn)的環(huán)境多,體現(xiàn)了“高”的無標(biāo)記性和“低”的有標(biāo)記性。
[Abstract]:"Gao" and "low" are a pair of antonyms commonly used in our daily life. On the basis of Markedness Theory and Cognitive Linguistics, this paper describes and interprets the asymmetry of "Gao" and "low" antonyms from three aspects: lexical, semantic and syntactic from the perspective of synchronic and diachronic combination. The main contents of this article are as follows: Part one: introduction. This part mainly introduces the research status of related issues, the review of "Gao" and "low": the corpus source and research methods of this thesis. The second part: synchronic description and explanation of lexical level. Based on the analysis of the meaning of "high" and "low", the quantity of word formation, the form of word formation and the frequency of use, it is concluded that the general characteristics of "high" and "low" and their words are asymmetry in lexical level. The third part: the diachronic description and explanation of semantic evolution. Combing the semantic evolution of "Gao" and "low" respectively, the author draws the conclusion that the time asymmetry, semantic extension time asymmetry, semantic evolution concrete way asymmetry, semantic emotion color change asymmetry from "Gao" and "low". The fourth part: the description and explanation of grammatical level. The collocation of "Gao" and "low" with nouns, verbs, adverbs of degree, and quantitative phrases is studied from the grammatical level. The collocation of nouns, verbs and adverbs of degree is basically symmetrical, but it also presents many asymmetrical aspects. Gao can be collocated with concrete nouns and abstract nouns, but no sentences with low ones are found. Adverbs of degree such as Old, Man tend to go with Gao, rarely with low. "Gao" can be collocated with quantitative phrases, indicating height, and "low" cannot be collocated. "High" "" low "is used in comparative sentences," only so high = only so low "," high "means" height "," high "and" low "can be interchangeable. We find that "Gao" appears in many environments, reflecting the "high" unmarked and "low" marked.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H136

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