本文選題：對(duì)外漢字教學(xué) + 漢字特點(diǎn)�。� 參考：《西北大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)日益提高的國(guó)際地位帶動(dòng)了全世界學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的浪潮。學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)成為一種不可阻擋的趨勢(shì)。對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)同樣取得了非常不錯(cuò)的效果。留學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一段時(shí)間的漢語(yǔ)后,大都能用漢語(yǔ)交流,不存在“啞巴漢語(yǔ)”的現(xiàn)象。然而對(duì)外漢字教學(xué)的效果并不理想。漢字相對(duì)于其它語(yǔ)言的文字來(lái)說(shuō)比較復(fù)雜,沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)漢字的留學(xué)生對(duì)漢字學(xué)習(xí)更是不知所措。這一問(wèn)題的出現(xiàn)不僅和我們的教學(xué)方法有關(guān)也和漢字本身的特點(diǎn)有關(guān)。 本論文采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的方法對(duì)中亞留學(xué)生在書(shū)寫(xiě)漢字時(shí)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的偏誤進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析,并在前人研究的理論基礎(chǔ)上,分別從漢字的構(gòu)造方式到結(jié)構(gòu)單位(筆畫(huà)和部件)等方面對(duì)漢字教學(xué)提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。最后以《三字經(jīng)》為例設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)外漢字教學(xué)。筆者希望本文的一些觀點(diǎn)能對(duì)以后的對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)有所幫助。 本論文由五部分組成。第一章是概括對(duì)外漢字教學(xué)。介紹了我國(guó)目前對(duì)外漢字教學(xué)的研究現(xiàn)狀及它在對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的地位。 第二章是漢字知識(shí)。漢字和表音的拼音文字不同,它是表意文字。本章主要介紹了漢字的特點(diǎn)和結(jié)構(gòu)方式,并重點(diǎn)分析了漢字的結(jié)構(gòu)單位。 第三章是分析留學(xué)生在書(shū)寫(xiě)漢字時(shí)出現(xiàn)的偏誤。中亞留學(xué)生以前沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)漢字,書(shū)寫(xiě)漢字時(shí)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)增減部件,部件變形、錯(cuò)位等偏誤。 第四章是主要講如何進(jìn)行漢字教學(xué),本章是該論文的重點(diǎn)。對(duì)外漢字教學(xué)應(yīng)該以筆畫(huà)和部件教學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)并逐步擴(kuò)展到獨(dú)體字和合體字的教學(xué)。對(duì)外漢字教學(xué)也會(huì)涉及一定的中國(guó)文化,這也是個(gè)值得討論的問(wèn)題。 第五章是實(shí)踐部分。筆者根據(jù)自身的實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)歷并結(jié)合對(duì)外漢字教學(xué)的實(shí)際情況,設(shè)計(jì)了一節(jié)以《三字經(jīng)》為教學(xué)內(nèi)容的教案。
[Abstract]:China's growing international position has led to a wave of learning Chinese around the world. Learning Chinese has become an irresistible trend. The teaching of Chinese as a foreign language has also achieved very good results. After studying Chinese for a period of time, most students can communicate with each other in Chinese, and there is no phenomenon of "mute Chinese". However, the effect of teaching Chinese characters in foreign countries is not ideal. Chinese characters are more complicated than other languages, and students who have not come into contact with Chinese characters are at a loss to learn Chinese characters. The emergence of this problem is not only related to our teaching methods but also to the characteristics of Chinese characters themselves. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the errors that often occur in the writing of Chinese characters by the students of Central Asia by means of a questionnaire survey, and on the basis of the previous studies. Some suggestions on the teaching of Chinese characters are put forward from the construction of Chinese characters to structural units (strokes and components). Finally, take the three characters Classic as an example to design the external Chinese character teaching. The author hopes that some of the views of this paper can be helpful to the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language in the future. This paper consists of five parts. The first chapter is to summarize the teaching of foreign Chinese characters. This paper introduces the present situation of Chinese character teaching and its status in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The second chapter is the knowledge of Chinese characters. Chinese characters are different from phonetic characters. They are ideographic characters. This chapter mainly introduces the characteristics and structure of Chinese characters, and focuses on the structural units of Chinese characters. The third chapter is to analyze the errors that appear when students write Chinese characters. The students of Central Asia have not come into contact with Chinese characters before. The fourth chapter is mainly about how to teach Chinese characters, this chapter is the focus of this paper. The teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries should be based on the teaching of strokes and components and be gradually extended to the teaching of single and combined characters. The teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries also involves certain Chinese culture, which is also an issue worth discussing. The fifth chapter is the practice part. According to my own practice experience and the actual situation of the teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries, the author designs a teaching plan in which the three characters Classic is taken as the teaching content.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H195

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