本文選題：因果關(guān)系 + 單句��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代漢語中，復(fù)合詞、短語、單句、復(fù)句、句群乃至篇章等語言單位都可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系。現(xiàn)代漢語學(xué)界對(duì)能夠表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的語言單位進(jìn)行了廣泛的研究，尤以復(fù)句方面的研究最為深入，，而對(duì)其他語言單位的研究則比較淺顯。單句是語言運(yùn)用的基本單位，是使用頻率較高的一級(jí)語言單位，所以，研究現(xiàn)代漢語單句表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的功能及解析表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的單句句義具有重要意義。目前，對(duì)單句中因果關(guān)系的研究?jī)H散見于通論性的現(xiàn)代漢語著作或某個(gè)具體的句子類型的一般研究中，主要處在觀察、描寫階段，對(duì)因果關(guān)系在句內(nèi)如何實(shí)現(xiàn)、能表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的形式之間的分工和聯(lián)系、表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的不同形式之間是否具有轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系等問題的研究還很少見�？偟膩碚f，單句中因果關(guān)系的研究還相對(duì)薄弱，全面、系統(tǒng)的研究表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的單句的專論尚未問世。 本文細(xì)致考查了范曉歸納的現(xiàn)代漢語單句的所有類型，發(fā)現(xiàn)有九種單句可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系。它們是：以因果關(guān)系詞為標(biāo)示的可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的單句；可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的動(dòng)賓謂語句；可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的述補(bǔ)謂語句；可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的連動(dòng)句；可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的兼語句；可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的“把”字句；可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的“被”字句；可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的“是……的”句以及句首狀語參與表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的單句。 本文以真實(shí)文本為依據(jù)，主要從句法結(jié)構(gòu)、語義特征等方面著手研究這九種可以表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的單句。由于漢語句子內(nèi)的因果關(guān)系主要表現(xiàn)在動(dòng)詞謂語句上，因而，本文主要研究表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的動(dòng)詞謂語句。同時(shí)，對(duì)這些表達(dá)因果關(guān)系的單句中的原因項(xiàng)和結(jié)果項(xiàng)分別進(jìn)行了具體的分析，包括原因項(xiàng)和結(jié)果項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)、原因項(xiàng)和結(jié)果項(xiàng)的語義特征以及原因項(xiàng)和結(jié)果項(xiàng)之間的語義選擇等，得出原因項(xiàng)和結(jié)果項(xiàng)的語義特征為：原因項(xiàng)[±積極]結(jié)果項(xiàng)[+變化]、[+終點(diǎn)]、[±積極]原因項(xiàng)和結(jié)果項(xiàng)的語義選擇的四種情況： A.原因項(xiàng)[+積極]+結(jié)果項(xiàng)[+積極] B.原因項(xiàng)[+積極]+結(jié)果項(xiàng)[-積極] C.原因項(xiàng)[-積極]+結(jié)果項(xiàng)[-積極] D.原因項(xiàng)[-積極]+結(jié)果項(xiàng)[+積極]
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, compound words, phrases, simple sentences, complex sentences, sentence groups and even text can express causality. Modern Chinese scholars have carried out extensive research on linguistic units capable of expressing causality, especially in complex sentences, while other linguistic units have been studied more easily. Single sentence is the basic unit of language use and the first class language unit with higher frequency. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the function of expressing causality in modern Chinese single sentence and to analyze the meaning of single sentence expressing causality. At present, the study of causality in a single sentence is only scattered in the general study of modern Chinese works or a specific sentence type. It is mainly in the stage of observation and description, and how to realize the causality in the sentence. It is rare to study the division of labor and relationship between forms of causality and whether there is a conversion relationship between different forms of causality. In general, the study of causality in single sentence is relatively weak. This paper examines all types of modern Chinese single sentences induced by Fan Xiao, and finds that there are nine simple sentences which can express causality. They are: single sentence which can express causality, verb-object predicate sentence that can express causality, predicate sentence that can express causality, continuous verb sentence that can express causality. A concurrent statement that can express causality; a "Ba" sentence that can express causality; a sentence that can express causality; a sentence that can express causality; a "is" that can express causality. The "sentence" and the adverbial of the sentence are involved in the expression of causality. Based on the true text, this paper studies the nine single sentences which can express causality from the aspects of syntactic structure, semantic features and so on. As the causality in Chinese sentences is mainly manifested in verb predicate sentences, this paper mainly studies verb predicate statements that express causality. At the same time, the cause item and the result item in these simple sentences expressing causality are analyzed respectively, including the characteristics of the cause item and the result item. The semantic features of cause item and result item, and the semantic choice between cause item and result item, The semantic characteristics of cause item and result item are as follows: cause item [鹵positive] result item [change], [end point], [鹵positive] cause item and result item semantic selection. a. Cause item [positive] result item [positive] b. Cause item [positive] result item [- positive] c. Cause item [- positive] result item [- positive] d. Cause item [- positive] result item [positive]
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H146


本文編號(hào)：1837114