本文選題：“得”字句 + 最簡方案　； 參考：《中南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：“得”字句是漢語中一種獨(dú)特的句法結(jié)構(gòu),其形式復(fù)雜多變。以往的研究從句法、語義、語用角度對(duì)“得”字句進(jìn)行了深入研究,取得了不少成績,有助于人們深入了解“得”字句。但以往的句法研究多關(guān)注該結(jié)構(gòu)中各個(gè)成分的性質(zhì),因而不能完整地描述概括“得”字句的結(jié)構(gòu),也不能對(duì)其各種形式進(jìn)行合理地解釋。 喬姆斯基的最簡方案為“得”字句的句法分析提供了新的方法。本文旨在在最簡方案框架下,將其重新分類,并對(duì)幾類“得”字句的生成進(jìn)行重新分析。 我們將“得”字句按照結(jié)構(gòu)分為DP+V+de+XP, DP1+V1+de+DP2+XP和DP1+V1+DP2+V1+de+XP三類。根據(jù)其語義特征,我們將第一類細(xì)分為使役結(jié)構(gòu)和描述結(jié)構(gòu)。第二類包含兼語結(jié)構(gòu)和動(dòng)補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),動(dòng)補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)能夠再根據(jù)其中各成分間的關(guān)系進(jìn)一步細(xì)分。第三類結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種形式：DP1+V1+DP2+V1+AP/VP2和DP1+V1+DP2+V1+de+DP3+VP2。我們認(rèn)為,“得”字句中的“得”字是輕動(dòng)詞,具有潛在的使役義,它可以在結(jié)構(gòu)推導(dǎo)的過程中被激發(fā)。因?yàn)椤暗谩弊值淖饔?DP+V+de+XP中的使役類、DP1+V1+dP2+XP的大部分細(xì)分結(jié)構(gòu)以及DP1+V1+DP2+V1+de+DP3+VP2均為使役結(jié)構(gòu)。使役結(jié)構(gòu)中的XP在低層的VP中生成,并激發(fā)“得”字的使役義,而非使役結(jié)構(gòu)的XP在輕動(dòng)詞v的投射中生成,“得”字的使役義不被激發(fā)。 本文的研究結(jié)果一方面可以驗(yàn)證最簡方案的解釋力,另一方面也對(duì)“得”字句的理解及對(duì)外漢語教學(xué)中“得”字句的教學(xué)提供一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:"de" sentence is a unique syntactic structure in Chinese, and its form is complex and changeable. Previous studies have made a thorough study of "de" from syntactic, semantic and pragmatic perspectives, and have made a lot of achievements, which is helpful for people to understand the word "de" in depth. However, previous syntactic studies have paid more attention to the nature of each component of the structure, so it is not possible to describe the structure of the word "de" in a complete way and to explain its various forms reasonably. Chomsky's minimalist scheme provides a new method for the syntactic analysis of the word de. The purpose of this paper is to reclassify it under the framework of the simplest scheme, and to reanalyze the generation of several types of "de" sentences. We divide the word "de" into three categories according to its structure: DP V de XP, DP1 V1 de DP2 XP and DP1 V1 DP2 V1 de XP. According to its semantic features, we subdivide the first category into causative structure and description structure. The second kind includes the adjunct structure and the verb-complement structure, which can be further subdivided according to the relationship between the components. The third type has two forms: DP1V1 DP2 V1 AP/VP2 and DP1 V1 DP2 V1 de DP3 VP2. We think that the word "de" in the word "de" is a light verb with a latent causative meaning and can be stimulated in the process of structure derivation. Because of the function of the word "de", most of the subdivision structures of DP1 V1 dP2 XP and DP1 V1 DP2 V1 de DP3 VP2 in DP V de XP are causative structures. XP in the causative structure is generated in the VP of lower level, and the causative meaning of the word "get" is stimulated, but XP of the non-causative structure is generated in the projection of the light verb v, and the causative meaning of the word "get" is not stimulated. On the one hand, the research results of this paper can verify the explanatory power of the simplest scheme, on the other hand, it can also provide some reference for the comprehension of "de" and the teaching of "de" in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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