本文選題：手語(yǔ) + 認(rèn)知�。� 參考：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：手語(yǔ)是世界各國(guó)聾人使用的語(yǔ)言,是聾人交流思想、表達(dá)情感、獲取信息、參與社會(huì)活動(dòng)和進(jìn)行日常生活的主要工具。認(rèn)知科學(xué)的發(fā)展為手語(yǔ)詞匯的研究提供了新的、系統(tǒng)的和較為有力的視角。 語(yǔ)言既是符號(hào)系統(tǒng)又是人類思維的反映和認(rèn)知的工具。對(duì)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行象似性、隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻研究是認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究的一個(gè)重要組成部分,其研究成果同樣適用于手語(yǔ)。由于手語(yǔ)是一種視覺(jué)性的語(yǔ)言,所以一切非視覺(jué)概念的表達(dá)不可避免地以視覺(jué)意象作為歸宿。人們往往通過(guò)已知的認(rèn)知域去認(rèn)識(shí)和理解未知的認(rèn)知域,從而創(chuàng)造新的概念,這便是隱喻的過(guò)程。此外,人們還會(huì)借助于同一認(rèn)知域中概念間的相互映射,用一個(gè)概念實(shí)體來(lái)理解和表達(dá)另一個(gè)概念實(shí)體,這一過(guò)程被稱之為轉(zhuǎn)喻。但是,由于地域、民族的不同、思維方式的差異,人們的認(rèn)知既有相似之處也有不同之處。因此,反映在中、美手語(yǔ)之間也產(chǎn)生了諸多相似之處和不同之處。 本文以中國(guó)手語(yǔ)和美國(guó)手語(yǔ)手形詞典為研究基礎(chǔ),構(gòu)建三十六組中、美手語(yǔ)詞匯圖庫(kù),基于認(rèn)知視角,運(yùn)用象似性理論,分別從直接表達(dá)、數(shù)字表達(dá)、手形表達(dá)等六個(gè)方面對(duì)中國(guó)手語(yǔ)和美國(guó)手語(yǔ)進(jìn)行比較和分析。此外,運(yùn)用隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻理論對(duì)中國(guó)手語(yǔ)和美國(guó)手語(yǔ)詞匯詞義演變進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究,旨在展示兩者之間的異同點(diǎn),并進(jìn)一步闡明了對(duì)中、美手語(yǔ)進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究的意義。研究結(jié)果表明,象似性在手語(yǔ)詞匯的生成方面,以及以象似性為基礎(chǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)喻和隱喻在手語(yǔ)語(yǔ)義的發(fā)展方面都起到非常重要的作用。他們是手語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言生成和變化,尤其是手語(yǔ)詞匯方面的語(yǔ)義生成和變化的主要構(gòu)成方式。手語(yǔ)詞匯的語(yǔ)義發(fā)展和變化存在著一定的理?yè)?jù)性而非任意性。這一點(diǎn)可以通過(guò)手語(yǔ)詞匯的語(yǔ)義如何實(shí)現(xiàn)擴(kuò)展這一過(guò)程加以說(shuō)明,而此過(guò)程是以轉(zhuǎn)喻和隱喻為基礎(chǔ)魄。本文以認(rèn)知為視角創(chuàng)新性地對(duì)中、美手語(yǔ)詞匯的語(yǔ)義生成及變化進(jìn)行了象似性、轉(zhuǎn)喻、隱喻三方面的對(duì)比分析,此研究有別于傳統(tǒng)語(yǔ)言學(xué)對(duì)手語(yǔ)的研究,并且將手語(yǔ)詞匯與人的認(rèn)知思維方式聯(lián)系起來(lái),對(duì)中、美手語(yǔ)所表現(xiàn)的思維方式差異進(jìn)行闡釋。最后,本文提出了本研究的主要研究?jī)r(jià)值,即對(duì)中、美手語(yǔ)對(duì)比研究的啟示以及提出相應(yīng)的建議,旨在促進(jìn)中國(guó)手語(yǔ)研究的進(jìn)程,推動(dòng)中國(guó)手語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言地位的確立。鑒于此,本文的研究結(jié)果對(duì)中國(guó)手語(yǔ)研究及手語(yǔ)翻譯的教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)具有理論上的和應(yīng)用上的雙重價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Sign language is the language used by deaf people all over the world. It is the main tool for deaf people to exchange ideas, express emotions, obtain information, participate in social activities and carry out daily life. The development of cognitive science provides a new, systematic and powerful perspective for the study of sign language vocabulary. Language is not only a symbolic system but also a reflection and cognitive tool of human thinking. The study of iconicity, metaphor and metonymy is an important part of cognitive linguistics. Because sign language is a kind of visual language, the expression of all non-visual concepts inevitably depends on visual image. It is a metaphorical process that people often recognize and understand unknown cognitive domains through known cognitive domains to create new concepts. In addition, one conceptual entity can be used to understand and express another conceptual entity by means of the mapping between concepts in the same cognitive domain. This process is called metonymy. However, due to the difference of region, nationality and mode of thinking, people's cognition has both similarities and differences. Therefore, reflected in Chinese, there are also many similarities and differences between American sign language. Based on the Chinese sign language and American sign language hand dictionaries, this paper constructs a map library of 36 groups of American sign language lexicon. Based on the cognitive perspective and using iconicity theory, we use the theory of iconicity to express directly and numerically, respectively. The comparison and analysis of Chinese sign language and American sign language are made in six aspects such as hand expression. In addition, a comparative study on the lexical meaning evolution of Chinese sign language and American sign language is carried out by using metaphor and metonymy theory in order to show the similarities and differences between them, and further clarify the significance of the comparative study between Chinese and American sign language. The results show that iconicity plays an important role in the generation of sign language vocabulary, as well as metonymy and metaphor based on iconicity in the development of sign language semantics. They are the main composition of sign language language generation and change, especially the semantic generation and change of sign language vocabulary. There are some motivations rather than arbitrariness in the semantic development and change of sign language vocabulary. This can be explained by how the semantics of sign language words can be extended, which is based on metonymy and metaphor. From the perspective of cognition, this paper makes a comparative analysis of semantic generation and change of Chinese and American sign language vocabulary in three aspects: iconicity, metonymy and metaphor. This study is different from the traditional linguistic research on sign language. In addition, the differences between Chinese and American sign language thinking modes are explained by connecting sign language vocabulary with human cognitive thinking style. Finally, this paper puts forward the main research value of this study, that is, the enlightenment to the contrastive study of Chinese and American sign language and the corresponding suggestions, in order to promote the process of Chinese sign language research and promote the establishment of the status of Chinese sign language. In view of this, the results of this study are of both theoretical and practical value for the study of Chinese sign language and the teaching and learning of sign language translation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H126.3;H312

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