本文選題：漢語態(tài)度語音 + 韓國學(xué)生　； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,對態(tài)度的定義和分類沒有統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文從研究目標(biāo)和實際出發(fā)選取日常生活中使用頻率較高且被普遍認(rèn)可的兩類態(tài)度：禮貌和友好作為研究對象。本文旨在進(jìn)一步考察不同語言使用者在態(tài)度表達(dá)上的差異,了解不同文化背景對態(tài)度表達(dá)的影響,找出規(guī)律,為二語學(xué)習(xí)者提供更便捷的學(xué)習(xí)渠道,使他們能夠說出地道的第二語言。 本文的研究思路和方法： 1.設(shè)計文本,錄制語音,進(jìn)而建立本文的語料庫。在基于語料研究的基礎(chǔ)上運用Praat軟件對語料進(jìn)行切分、標(biāo)注,提取基頻、時長等聲學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)。 2.組織感知實驗。主要是針對中韓兩國的錄音文件進(jìn)行聽辨,考察兩國人在態(tài)度表達(dá)時在禮貌度、友好度以及流利度上的差異性。同時考察句型和句子長度對態(tài)度感知的影響。 3.韻律特征分析。在提取出相關(guān)的聲學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)后,運用SPSS進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義的考察。之后具體對比分析中韓兩國發(fā)音人在態(tài)度語音聲學(xué)特征上的差異,比如基頻(最大值、最小值、均值和基頻范圍)、音節(jié)時長和句時長等聲學(xué)信息。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于：在態(tài)度語音本體研究的基礎(chǔ)上,增加了對二語者的研究,實現(xiàn)了對漢語普通話態(tài)度本體和二語使用者的研究。其次,本文采用感知實驗和聲學(xué)分析相結(jié)合的研究方法,較詳細(xì)具體地對比分析了中韓發(fā)音人的聲學(xué)特征差異,以及禮貌和友好兩種態(tài)度之間的差異性。 本文的研究結(jié)果是： 1.在禮貌類語音中,中韓兩國人在基頻、音節(jié)時長等方面存在顯著的差異。中國人的基頻值明顯高于韓國人,基頻起伏較大、起點較高,基頻范圍也比較寬；中國發(fā)音人的音節(jié)時長小于韓國發(fā)音人,中國人表達(dá)漢語時的語速整體要快于韓國人；其次在流利度方面,中國人的表達(dá)都很流利,但韓國人在表達(dá)的流暢性上遜色于中國人；中國人重音基頻在禮貌和中性語音中都大于韓國人；在聲調(diào)方面,中韓陰平和去聲的調(diào)型保持較好,在陽平和上聲調(diào)型上差異較大。 2.在友好類語音中,中韓兩國人的聲學(xué)特征差異也很明顯。中國人的基頻最大值、最小值、音節(jié)時長均不同于韓國人。中國人的基頻走勢高于韓國人,基頻起點較高、范圍也比較廣；中國人的音節(jié)時長小于韓國人,中國人的語速要比韓國人語速快；此外,韓國人表達(dá)友好的流暢性也遜色于中國人。中國人重音基頻在友好及中性語音中均大于韓國人；在聲調(diào)方面,中韓兩國陰平和去聲的調(diào)型保持較好,在陽平和上聲調(diào)型上表現(xiàn)有所差異。 3.對比禮貌和友好兩類態(tài)度,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)中韓兩國人的禮貌類的基頻值小于友好類的基頻值,禮貌類的基頻范圍沒有友好類的基頻范圍寬,禮貌類的音節(jié)時長稍短于友好類的音節(jié)時長,發(fā)音人在禮貌表達(dá)的語速較慢,而友好語音的表達(dá)語速較快；在重音方面,禮貌和友好語音的重音基頻均高于其相應(yīng)的中性語音。 4.通過對文本句型的設(shè)置,我們考察了陳述句和疑問句對兩類態(tài)度的感知和生成的影響,數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果顯示句型對態(tài)度感知存在一定影響,但其作用并不明顯。在韻律分析方面,句型對基頻、時長有影響,但在中韓兩國間的表現(xiàn)沒有顯著性差異。
[Abstract]:At present, there is no unified standard for the definition and classification of attitudes. This paper selects two kinds of attitudes, politeness and friendliness, which are frequently used in daily life and are widely recognized in the daily life. This paper aims to further investigate the differences in attitude expression between different language users and understand different cultures. The influence of scene on the expression of attitude, find out the rules, provide more convenient learning channels for two language learners, so that they can speak the real second language.
The research ideas and methods of this paper are as follows:
1. design text, record the voice, and then establish the corpus of this article. Based on the research of corpus, use Praat software to divide, mark, extract the basic frequency, time and other acoustic data.
The 2. organization perception experiment is mainly to identify the differences in politeness, friendliness and fluency between the two countries and the influence of sentence patterns and sentence lengths on attitude perception.
3. rhythm characteristics analysis. After extracting the relevant acoustic data, we use SPSS to investigate the statistical significance, and then compare and analyze the differences in the acoustic characteristics of the pronunciation of the Chinese and Korean speakers, such as the basic frequency (maximum, minimum, mean and basic frequency range), the length of syllables and the length of the sentence.
The innovation of this article is: on the basis of the study of the attitude to the noumenon of voice, the study of the two speakers is added to the study of the attitude noumenon and the two language users of the Chinese. Secondly, this paper compares the acoustic characteristics of the Chinese and Korean pronunciation people in detail and concretely and concretely and concretely and concretely and concretely. There are differences between the two attitudes and the politeness and friendliness.
The results of this study are as follows:
1. in polite speech, there are significant differences between Chinese and Korean people in basic frequency and syllable length. The basic frequency of Chinese people is obviously higher than that of Koreans, the fundamental frequency is larger, the starting point is higher, the range of basic frequency is wide, the syllables of Chinese pronunciation people are less than those of Korean pronunciation, and the Chinese language speed is faster than Korean when Chinese people express Chinese. Chinese people are fluent in fluency, but the fluency of the Koreans is less than that of the Chinese; the basic frequency of Chinese stress is greater in politeness and neutral than that of the Koreans; in the tone of tone, the tone of the Chinese and South Korea is better, and the difference between the type of Yang Ping and the tone is larger.
2. in the friendly voice, the differences of acoustic characteristics between the two countries are also obvious. The maximum, minimum, and syllabic length of the Chinese people are different from the Koreans. The basic frequency of the Chinese people is higher than the Koreans, the base frequency is higher and the range is wide; the Chinese syllable is smaller than the Korean, and the Chinese language speed is more than the Korean. In addition, the fluency of the Korean people is less than the Chinese. The basic frequency of the Chinese accent is larger than the Korean in friendly and neutral voice; in the tone of tone, the tone and the tone of the two countries are better, and there are some differences in the style of Yang Ping and the tone.
3. compared to the two kinds of polite and friendly attitudes, we found that the basic frequency of the politeness class in the two countries is less than the base frequency of the friendly class. The base frequency range of the politeness class has no friendly base frequency range, the politeness syllables are long shorter than the friendly syllables, the pronouns are slower in the expression of the courtesy, and the expression of the friendly voice. In terms of accent, the accent fundamental frequency of politeness and friendly voice is higher than that of its corresponding neutral speech.
4. through the setting of text sentence patterns, we examine the impact of declarative sentences and interrogative sentences on the perception and generation of two types of attitudes. The results show that sentence patterns have a certain influence on attitude perception, but their role is not obvious. In rhythm analysis, the sentence pattern has a long impact on the basic frequency, but there is no significant difference between the two countries. Different.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H195.3

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