本文選題：越南 + 兒童�。� 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文在總結(jié)前賢研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，以對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)理論為主導(dǎo)，對(duì)越南兒童習(xí)得漢語(yǔ)情況，包括學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)象的社會(huì)和教育背景、師資狀況、教材的選用等問(wèn)題做出初步的分析，，并提出一些建議。 就目前情況來(lái)，越南的漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)與漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)還存在很多困難，主要是：第一，也是最重要的，那就是嚴(yán)重缺乏漢語(yǔ)教師，無(wú)論在數(shù)量上還是質(zhì)量方面。許多越南高校都設(shè)有中文系，但經(jīng)過(guò)培訓(xùn)的教師數(shù)量卻并不多；第二，漢語(yǔ)教科書(shū)尚未統(tǒng)一，每所學(xué)校所采用的漢語(yǔ)教程都不一樣。雖然大部分教材都選自北京大學(xué)出版社、北京語(yǔ)言文化大學(xué)出版社、臺(tái)灣師范大學(xué)出版社等，但具體選用哪一套也不太一樣；第三：對(duì)中文系畢業(yè)生應(yīng)達(dá)到怎樣的漢語(yǔ)水平，各高校還沒(méi)有給出明確的規(guī)定和測(cè)試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 本文針對(duì)越南兒童學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)現(xiàn)狀做了初步的分析，在此基礎(chǔ)上提出一些建議，主要觀點(diǎn)如下： 1、詞語(yǔ)的范圍應(yīng)該以常用的生活詞語(yǔ)為主，讓學(xué)生掌握其基本意義與主要用法，并在此基礎(chǔ)上嘗試著快速組織成話語(yǔ)，使學(xué)生能夠做到脫口而出、及時(shí)應(yīng)答。 2、教師要讓學(xué)生盡可能地把所學(xué)到的知識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)際的交際能力，能夠?qū)κ煜さ脑掝}作簡(jiǎn)短的問(wèn)答和陳述。在此基礎(chǔ)上，幫助學(xué)生說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)單的句子，逐漸表達(dá)成段，一步一步地形成一種自然反應(yīng)。 3、在文化適應(yīng)能力方面，教師盡量幫助學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)的同時(shí)感受中國(guó)博大精深的悠久文化，加強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)中國(guó)文化的認(rèn)識(shí)，幫助學(xué)生在表達(dá)方面，不但說(shuō)得準(zhǔn)確，還可以說(shuō)得漂亮。 4、針對(duì)越南兒童習(xí)得漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音、詞匯、語(yǔ)法等特點(diǎn)，教師應(yīng)采取多種多樣，豐富多彩的教學(xué)方法和技巧。針對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)者的不同階段，同一個(gè)方法的具體表現(xiàn)可能也有所不同，但“教無(wú)定法”不等于“教無(wú)法則”。在教學(xué)的過(guò)程中，應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循一些基本的原則，即“師生互動(dòng)、以學(xué)生為中心、在快樂(lè)中學(xué)習(xí)和體會(huì)漢語(yǔ)”等等。
[Abstract]:On the basis of summarizing the research results of the former sages and taking the theory of teaching Chinese as a foreign language as the leading factor, this paper makes a preliminary analysis of the situation of Vietnamese children's acquisition of Chinese, including the social and educational background of the learning objects, the status of teachers, the selection of teaching materials, and so on.Some suggestions are put forward.At present, there are still many difficulties in Chinese teaching and learning in Vietnam, mainly as follows: first, and most importantly, there is a serious shortage of Chinese teachers, both in quantity and quality.Many Vietnamese colleges and universities have Chinese departments, but the number of trained teachers is not large. Second, Chinese textbooks are not uniform, and Chinese courses are not the same in each school.Although most of the teaching materials are selected from Peking University Press, Beijing language and Culture University Press, Taiwan normal University Press and so on, they are not exactly the same. Third, as to what Chinese language graduates should achieve,Colleges and universities have not yet given clear regulations and test standards.This paper makes a preliminary analysis on the present situation of Vietnamese children's learning Chinese, and puts forward some suggestions on this basis. The main points are as follows:1. The scope of words should be based on common life words, so that students can master their basic meaning and main usage, and on this basis try to quickly organize into words, so that students can blurt out and reply in time.2. Teachers should make students turn what they have learned into practical communicative competence as much as possible and be able to make brief questions and statements on familiar topics.On this basis, help students to speak simple sentences, gradually express into paragraphs, step by step to form a natural response.3. In terms of their ability to adapt to culture, teachers try to help students learn knowledge while feeling China's rich and profound culture, strengthen students' understanding of Chinese culture, and help students not only speak accurately in terms of expression.You can say it well.4. In view of Vietnamese children's acquisition of Chinese pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and other characteristics, teachers should adopt a variety of teaching methods and skills.According to different stages of learners, the performance of the same method may be different, but "teaching without certainty" is not equal to "teaching cannot be taught".In the process of teaching, we should follow some basic principles, such as "teacher-student interaction, student-centered, learning and understanding Chinese in happiness" and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H195

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