“還NP呢”句式研究
本文選題:“還NP呢” + 句法環(huán)境; 參考:《遼寧大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文
【摘要】:與英語(yǔ)等構(gòu)形語(yǔ)言相比,漢語(yǔ)的形式控制性特征較弱,其詞序和組構(gòu)成分的層級(jí)并不是一成不變的,而是存在著許多不符合語(yǔ)言典型構(gòu)型的現(xiàn)象。尤其是近年來(lái)的“副+名”結(jié)構(gòu),因其特殊性不斷引發(fā)學(xué)者們的討論。到目前為止,這類句式研究還是比較成熟的,但在“還NP呢”句式本身的研究方面,以及類似句式間的對(duì)比分析方面,尚稍顯單薄。因此,本文力求在前人基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)“還NP呢”格式進(jìn)行深入探究。 “還NP呢”句式的構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)句式表現(xiàn)為:句式本身為狀中結(jié)構(gòu),中心詞為名詞,,但句式中卻出現(xiàn)了副詞“還”,語(yǔ)氣詞“呢”一般不能省略,在形式上表現(xiàn)“副+名+呢”,其中“還”和“呢”為常項(xiàng),NP為變項(xiàng)且呈現(xiàn)出謂詞化趨勢(shì)。對(duì)于這類結(jié)構(gòu),既不能單純從語(yǔ)義角度解釋,也不能完全通過(guò)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。單純從語(yǔ)義角度進(jìn)行解釋則難以擺脫語(yǔ)感的限制,增加了對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)及跨文化交際的難度;完全通過(guò)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則更是無(wú)從下手。因此,本文引入認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)的部分觀點(diǎn),在整體考察期其在“副+名”結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)中的地位的基礎(chǔ)上,從句法形式,語(yǔ)義特征,以及認(rèn)知機(jī)制等多角度對(duì)“還NP呢”句式深層生成機(jī)制進(jìn)行探討。 由于“還NP呢”句式由兩個(gè)常量和一個(gè)變量構(gòu)成,因此本文將對(duì)常量和變量分別進(jìn)行分析,再回歸句式整體,從部分到整體,綜合探討語(yǔ)義及語(yǔ)用的制約機(jī)制。在對(duì)各項(xiàng)的分析上,本文主要采用的方法有:語(yǔ)義背景分析法,最小比較法(共同成分分析法),以及微觀分析法。除此之外,本文還使用了擴(kuò)展法,變換分析等傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn),力求以經(jīng)語(yǔ)言研究實(shí)踐證實(shí)了的方法來(lái)解決新的語(yǔ)言問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Compared with other formative languages such as English, the formal control characteristics of Chinese are weaker, and the levels of word order and fabric elements are not fixed, but there are many phenomena which do not conform to the typical configuration of the language.Especially in recent years, the structure of "deputy name" has aroused the discussion of scholars because of its particularity.Up to now, the study of this kind of sentence pattern is quite mature, but in the aspect of "returning NP" sentence pattern itself, and the comparative analysis of similar sentence pattern, it is still a little weak.Therefore, this paper tries to explore the format of "returning NP" on the basis of predecessors.Among them, "return" and "er" are constant terms and NP are variables and present a tendency of predicate.For this kind of structure, it can not be explained only from the semantic point of view, nor can it be explained entirely by grammatical rules.It is difficult to get rid of the limitation of language sense and make it more difficult to teach Chinese as a foreign language and to communicate with other cultures simply from the angle of semantics.Therefore, this paper introduces some viewpoints of cognitive linguistics, on the basis of its position in the system of "associate name" structure, from the syntactic form and semantic features.And cognitive mechanism and so on to "return NP" sentence structure deep generation mechanism is discussed.Since the sentence pattern of "returning NP" consists of two constants and one variable, this paper will analyze the constant and the variable separately, and then return the sentence form to the whole, from part to whole, and discuss the semantic and pragmatic restriction mechanism synthetically.The main methods used in this paper are: semantic background analysis, minimum comparison method (common component analysis), and micro analysis method.In addition, this paper also uses the traditional viewpoints such as extension method and transformation analysis to solve the new language problem with the method proved by language research practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號(hào)】:H146
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