本文選題：德國(guó)漢語成年學(xué)習(xí)者　切入點(diǎn)：漢語教材　出處：《上海外國(guó)語大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：對(duì)于不同母語背景的學(xué)習(xí)者而言，有針對(duì)性的國(guó)別定向教材會(huì)對(duì)其第二語言習(xí)得具有重要的意義。 本文以德國(guó)的成年漢語學(xué)習(xí)者為主要研究對(duì)象，運(yùn)用問卷調(diào)查、漢德語言對(duì)比、文獻(xiàn)回顧等方法，從話題內(nèi)容的選擇，語言要素的處理和教材的裝幀設(shè)計(jì)等方面就對(duì)德漢語教材進(jìn)行需求分析。 論文第一章介紹研究背景；第二章分析德國(guó)成年學(xué)習(xí)者感興趣的中國(guó)話題的問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果，并嘗試從興趣點(diǎn)中析出可用于漢語教學(xué)的元素和功能，及其相應(yīng)的教學(xué)語用環(huán)境；第三章利用漢德對(duì)比語言研究文獻(xiàn)，結(jié)合自身的德語學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提出對(duì)德漢語教材在語言要素方面的編寫建議。第四章在第二和第三章的研究基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合參考德國(guó)本國(guó)出版社出版的6套有代表性的中文教材，提出教材裝幀設(shè)計(jì)的分析報(bào)告；第五章是全文的總結(jié)。 文中指出，在話題類別上，德國(guó)學(xué)生對(duì)于中國(guó)人的情感生活、娛樂休閑和社會(huì)交往類的話題更感興趣。從話題內(nèi)容來看，德國(guó)學(xué)生對(duì)于旅游度假、愛情、友情、居家生活和讀書看報(bào)等有著極大的興趣，而對(duì)于文教醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生等方面的話題興趣不大。就語言要素而言，對(duì)德漢語教材應(yīng)該體現(xiàn)出德國(guó)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn)。具體在語音方面，教材主要應(yīng)針對(duì)跟在j、q、x的音位ü[y]，跟在輔音后或者單獨(dú)使用時(shí)的韻母e[]，，舌尖元音-i[]、[]，輔音的送氣音與不送氣音對(duì)立，明確標(biāo)明發(fā)音偏誤，提出相應(yīng)的教學(xué)建議。在語法方面，教材應(yīng)重點(diǎn)針對(duì)德語中缺失的、漢德句法存在差異的語法點(diǎn)，明確標(biāo)明由誤加、錯(cuò)序和遺漏造成的偏誤，提出有針對(duì)性的教材處理建議。就教材類別而言，供零起點(diǎn)、非漢語語言專業(yè)的成年學(xué)生使用的對(duì)德漢語教材最為急需。裝幀設(shè)計(jì)，可以參照德國(guó)本土出版的幾套中文教材的特點(diǎn)。詞語注釋，不能簡(jiǎn)單對(duì)譯，要體現(xiàn)出漢德詞匯在詞匯意義和修辭色彩上存在差異。練習(xí)部分既要充分利用學(xué)生已有的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，也要設(shè)計(jì)更多的游戲和競(jìng)賽內(nèi)容。
[Abstract]:For learners with different mother tongue backgrounds, targeted country oriented textbooks will be of great significance to their second language acquisition. This paper takes adult Chinese learners in Germany as the main research object, using questionnaire survey, Han-German language comparison, literature review and other methods, from the choice of topics. The processing of language elements and the binding design of teaching materials are analyzed in terms of the needs of German and Chinese teaching materials. The first chapter introduces the research background, the second chapter analyzes the survey results of Chinese topics of interest to adult learners in Germany, and tries to separate out the elements and functions that can be used in Chinese teaching from the point of interest, as well as the corresponding teaching pragmatic environment. The third chapter makes use of the literature of Hand-contrastive language study, combining with one's own German learning experience, puts forward some suggestions on the language elements of German-Chinese teaching materials. Chapter four is based on the research of the second and third chapters. According to the six representative Chinese textbooks published by German publishing house, the paper puts forward the analysis report of the binding design of the textbook. Chapter five is the summary of the full text. The article points out that German students are more interested in Chinese emotional life, entertainment, leisure and social interaction in terms of topic categories. In terms of topic content, German students are more interested in tourism, vacation, love, friendship, etc. There is a great deal of interest in living at home and reading and reading newspapers, but there is little interest in topics such as culture, education, health care, etc. As far as language elements are concerned, The teaching materials of German Chinese should reflect the difficulties and emphases of German students' study. The teaching material should be aimed at the phonemes u [y], vowels e [], vowels I [], [], vowels [], consonants, which are followed by jinqnix [y], the vowels following consonants or when they are used alone, and should clearly indicate the phonetic errors, and put forward corresponding teaching suggestions. The teaching materials should focus on the grammatical points which are missing in German and the differences in syntax between Han and German, and clearly identify the errors caused by the addition, order and omission, and put forward some suggestions on how to deal with the teaching materials. As far as the teaching material categories are concerned, the teaching materials should be provided as a starting point. Adult students of non-Chinese language majors are most in need of German Chinese teaching materials. The binding design can refer to the characteristics of several sets of Chinese textbooks published in Germany. In order to reflect the differences in lexical meaning and rhetorical color, the exercises should make full use of students' experience and design more games and competitions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國(guó)語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H195

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