本文選題：《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》　切入點(diǎn)：形容詞　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典（第5版）》（下文簡稱《現(xiàn)漢》）為語料來源，選取《現(xiàn)漢》形容詞的釋義語言作為研究對(duì)象，從意義角度對(duì)《現(xiàn)漢》中形容詞的釋義元語言詞匯的使用情況進(jìn)行了研究，目的是歸納出《現(xiàn)漢》形容詞釋義中的元語言詞匯使用規(guī)則，揭示辭書元語言詞匯使用的基本原則。全文共分五部分。 首先是緒論。介紹學(xué)界對(duì)《現(xiàn)漢》元語言詞匯的研究成果，說明本論文的寫作目的及意義，簡單介紹了本文的研究內(nèi)容和研究思路。 第一章，同義組的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和劃分結(jié)果。提出了本文對(duì)于同義組（同義語義場）的判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。參考《同義詞詞林》和《詞網(wǎng)》確定同義組的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和程序，結(jié)合詞匯學(xué)和詞典學(xué)研究實(shí)踐，確定同義的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為義項(xiàng)相同。即只有形容詞之間有意義相同相近的義項(xiàng)，才能歸為一個(gè)同義組。說明同義組劃分的基本情況，并對(duì)其釋義元語言詞匯特別是核心詞匯的選擇情況進(jìn)行了描寫和歸納。按照既定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，本文將屬于典型形容詞的“外形”、“顏色味道”、“性質(zhì)”、“德才”和“境況”五大類形容詞共4313個(gè)義項(xiàng)歸納為337個(gè)同義組。 第二章，同義組內(nèi)釋義元語言詞匯使用的基本規(guī)則。對(duì)同義組內(nèi)的形容詞釋義元語言詞匯特別是釋義的核心詞匯的使用情況進(jìn)行了詳盡的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和調(diào)查描寫。并基于上述統(tǒng)計(jì)分析闡明系統(tǒng)性原則、避免循環(huán)釋義原則和經(jīng)濟(jì)性這些辭書元語言構(gòu)造和使用的基本原則在元語言詞匯運(yùn)用中的具體體現(xiàn)：除非有其他因素的介入，《現(xiàn)漢》傾向于使每個(gè)同義組所用的釋義元語言的核心詞匯基本一致，往往取自一個(gè)同義組，個(gè)別情況下一個(gè)同義組的被釋詞其釋義語言的核心詞匯取自多個(gè)同義組，這種情況都有一定動(dòng)因，且有一定規(guī)律；避免在釋義語言之中出現(xiàn)被釋詞；用盡量少的詞匯來構(gòu)成釋義語言，為了經(jīng)濟(jì)性原因可以違背系統(tǒng)性原則和避免循環(huán)釋義的原則。 第三章，元語言詞匯使用的變通性條件。說明形容詞釋義元語言詞匯使用的諸變通性原則，主要包括便于釋義原則、便于理解和記憶原則和自然性原則，即由于這些原因可以違背系統(tǒng)性原則和經(jīng)濟(jì)性原則來選擇釋義元語言詞匯。 第四章，結(jié)語。對(duì)本文的研究內(nèi)容和研究成果進(jìn)行總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Taking the Modern Chinese Dictionary (5th Edition) (hereinafter referred to as "Xianhan") as the source of the corpus, this paper selects the interpretive language of the adjective "Xianhan" as the object of study. This paper makes a study on the use of adjectives' interpretive metalanguage words from the point of view of meaning, in order to generalize the rules for the use of meta language words in the adjective interpretation. This paper reveals the basic principles of the use of lexical metalanguage. The full text is divided into five parts. The first part is introduction. It introduces the research results of metallinguistic vocabulary, explains the purpose and significance of this thesis, and briefly introduces the research contents and research ideas of this thesis. In chapter 1, the judgment criteria and results of synonyms are presented. The criteria for determining synonyms (synonym fields) are presented. The criteria and procedures of synonyms are determined with reference to < synonym forest > and < word net >. Combining the practice of lexicology and lexicography, it is determined that the standard of synonymy is the same meaning. That is, only if there are similar meanings between adjectives, can they be classified into a synonym group. It also describes and sums up the choice of meta vocabulary, especially the core vocabulary, according to the established standards, In this paper, a total of 4313 adjectives belonging to the typical adjectives of "appearance", "color taste", "nature", "virtue and ability" and "situation" are grouped into 337 synonyms. Chapter II, The basic rules for the use of lexicon in synonymous group are given. The use of adjective interpretation metalanguage in synonymous group, especially the core words of interpretation, is analyzed and investigated in detail. Stating the systematic principle of statistical analysis, The principle of avoiding cyclic interpretation and economy the basic principles of the construction and use of lexical meta-language are embodied in the use of metalanguage vocabulary: unless other factors are involved, the "present Chinese" tends to make each synonym use. The core vocabulary of the meta-language is basically the same. It is often taken from a synonym group, and in some cases, the core words of the interpreted language of a synonym group are taken from several synonyms, all of which have some motivation and regularity, and avoid the appearance of interpreted words in the interpretive language. The use of as few words as possible to form a interpretive language, for economic reasons, can violate the principle of systematization and avoid the principle of circular interpretation. The third chapter, the flexible conditions of the use of meta-language vocabulary. It explains the principles of flexibility in the use of adjective interpretive meta-language vocabulary, mainly including the principle of convenience of interpretation, the principle of understanding and memory and the principle of naturalness. Because of these reasons, it can violate the principle of systematization and economy to choose the lexicon of semantic meta-language. Chapter four, conclusion. Summarize the research content and research results of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H164

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