本文選題：“把”字句　切入點：習(xí)得情況　出處：《南京師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：“把”字句是漢語語法中較為特殊的一種句式,在對外漢語教學(xué)中也是難以教學(xué)的句式之一。我們在前賢研究的基礎(chǔ)上,基于現(xiàn)行教材總結(jié)出“把”字句的八種句式——句式一：主語+把+賓語+動詞+結(jié)果補語(了)；句式二：名1+把+名2+動+給/在/到+名3+方位詞；句式三：把+賓語+動詞+(一/了)+動詞；句式四：把+賓語1+動+成/作+賓語2；句式五：主語+把+賓語+動詞+了/著；句式六：主語+把+賓語+動詞+情態(tài)補語；句式七：“把”字句和兼語句的套用：句式八：“把”字句和連動句的套用�；谶@八種句式,分別對留學(xué)生“把”字句的習(xí)得情況與使用“把”字句的回避情況進行了調(diào)查。我們從北京語言大學(xué)《HSK動態(tài)作文語料庫》中檢索出“把”字句用例,通過統(tǒng)計分析得出“把”字句八種句式的使用頻率、正確率、錯誤率和正確使用相對頻率。綜合考慮正確率和使用頻率,我們得出“把”字句八種句式的習(xí)得順序,由好到壞依次為：句式二句式一句式四句式六句式五句式八句式七句式三。為了考察留學(xué)生“把”字句的回避情況,我們設(shè)計了三份調(diào)查問卷,分別調(diào)查了留學(xué)生“把”字句的使用習(xí)慣、“把”字句掌握情況以及中國學(xué)生“把”字句使用習(xí)慣。通過比較留學(xué)生與中國學(xué)生的“把”字句使用習(xí)慣調(diào)查結(jié)果,結(jié)合留學(xué)生“把”字句使用習(xí)慣調(diào)查與掌握情況調(diào)查,根據(jù)已經(jīng)掌握但是在交際時卻不使用即為回避這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn),我們得到留學(xué)生對八種句式的回避情況,按照回避程度由低到高為：句式三句式一句式六句式二句式八句式七句式五句式四。通過比較以上兩種順序,我們認為：留學(xué)生“把”字句的回避情況與習(xí)得情況并無明顯相關(guān)性,留學(xué)生對“把”字句的習(xí)得只是影響回避現(xiàn)象的其中一個因素；留學(xué)生在習(xí)得程度不好的句式上有時并不存在回避的現(xiàn)象,在習(xí)得程度好的句式上有時反而存在更為嚴(yán)重的回避；各個句式回避情況與習(xí)得情況之間的關(guān)系也不相同。 根據(jù)以上研究結(jié)論,結(jié)合調(diào)查過程中了解的情況,我們分析了影響學(xué)生產(chǎn)生回避現(xiàn)象的原因,并據(jù)此對教材編寫和課堂教學(xué)提出了相應(yīng)的建議。本研究的價值在于調(diào)查分析了留學(xué)生“把”字句的回避與習(xí)得情況之間是否存在必然的聯(lián)系。我們認為習(xí)得情況并不是導(dǎo)致留學(xué)生“把”字句回避的決定因素,二者之間無絕對的一致性和相關(guān)性。
[Abstract]:"Ba" sentence is one of the more special sentence patterns in Chinese grammar, and it is also one of the difficult sentence patterns in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Based on the current teaching materials, this paper summarizes eight kinds of sentence patterns of "Ba" sentence one: subject results complement of object verb (sentence form 2: noun 1, noun 2 move to / to noun 3 azimuth word; Sentence pattern 3: verb of object (one / la); sentence pattern 4: make object 1 / object 2; sentence pattern 5: subject verb verb / stroke; sentence pattern 6: subject puts object verb modal complement; Sentence pattern 7: the application of "Ba" words and sentences: sentence pattern eight: "Ba" sentences and linked sentences. Based on these eight sentence patterns, This paper investigates the acquisition of "Ba" sentences and the avoidance of using "Ba" sentences by foreign students respectively. We retrieve the use cases of "Ba" sentences from the HSK dynamic composition Corpus of Beijing language and Technology University. Through statistical analysis, we get the usage frequency, correct rate, error rate and relative frequency of "Ba" sentence. Considering the correct rate and use frequency, we obtain the acquisition order of eight sentence patterns of "Ba" sentence. The order from good to bad is as follows: two sentences, one sentence, four sentences, six sentences, five sentences, eight sentences, seven sentences, three sentences. In order to investigate the avoidance of "Ba" sentences of foreign students, we designed three questionnaires. This paper investigates the usage habits of "Ba" sentences, the mastery of "Ba" words and the usage habits of Chinese students'"Ba" sentences respectively. By comparing the results of the survey on the usage habits of "Ba" words between foreign students and Chinese students, Based on the survey of the students' habit of using the word "Ba" and the investigation of their mastery, and according to the criterion that they have mastered but not used in communication, we have obtained the avoidance of the eight sentence patterns of the foreign students. According to the degree of avoidance from low to high: three sentences, one sentence, six sentences, two sentences, eight sentences, seven sentences, five sentences, four sentences. We think that there is no obvious correlation between the avoidance of "Ba" sentence and the acquisition of "Ba" sentence, and that the acquisition of "Ba" sentence by foreign students is only one of the factors affecting the phenomenon of avoidance; Foreign students sometimes do not have the phenomenon of avoidance in the sentence patterns with poor acquisition degree, and sometimes there is more serious avoidance in the sentence patterns with good acquisition level, and the relationship between each sentence pattern avoidance situation and the acquisition situation is also different. According to the above research conclusions, combined with the investigation process, we analyze the reasons that affect the students' avoidance phenomenon. The value of this study lies in the investigation and analysis of whether there is an inevitable relationship between the avoidance of "Ba" words and the acquisition of foreign students. The situation is not the decisive factor that causes the foreign students to avoid the word "Ba". There is no absolute consistency and correlation between the two.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H195

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