本文選題：零話權(quán)　切入點：話語角色　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：“話語角色”是語用分析、尤其是話語分析的一個重要術(shù)語,可以從交際參與者和話語信息之間的關(guān)系來開展研究。在言語交際中,交際參與者通過對話語信息負(fù)責(zé)而實現(xiàn)“話語權(quán)”,當(dāng)說話人表明自己不是話語信息的最初來源、對話語信息不負(fù)責(zé)任時所承擔(dān)的就是“零話權(quán)”。零話權(quán)是一種特殊的話權(quán)現(xiàn)象,在語用學(xué)中有重要的價值,但是在以往的研究中沒有得到特別的重視和充分的討論。本文以電視訪談?wù)Z料為分析對象,對零話權(quán)的定義、標(biāo)記性、分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等問題進(jìn)行了原創(chuàng)性闡述；探討了不同類型的零話權(quán)的實現(xiàn)方式、使用特點和適用語域；明確了零話權(quán)是一種有標(biāo)記的話權(quán)關(guān)系,說話者使用零話權(quán)人身份發(fā)話是一種有特殊功能的話語策略,同時論證了訪談是一種能夠突顯零話權(quán)使用特色的優(yōu)勢語域。 本文分為五章,各章節(jié)具體內(nèi)容如下： 第一章,緒論,通過綜述明確研究對象,介紹了文章的研究價值,闡述了全文的論證思路,并界定了研究的語料。 根據(jù)以往對話語角色的研究,首先明確話語責(zé)任是區(qū)分話語角色的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。說話者由于在交際中承擔(dān)了不同的話語責(zé)任而實現(xiàn)了不同的話權(quán),其中零話權(quán)是說話者完全不承擔(dān)話語責(zé)任的情況,是一種特殊的話權(quán)現(xiàn)象。 第二章,通過比對,論證零話權(quán)的標(biāo)記性。 通過對標(biāo)記理論的回顧,提出話語角色在交際中所實現(xiàn)的話權(quán)關(guān)系也具有標(biāo)記性差異。通過對完全話權(quán)、部分話權(quán)和零話權(quán)三種話權(quán)的相關(guān)要素進(jìn)行分析和比對,提出了零話權(quán)是最具標(biāo)記性的話權(quán)關(guān)系。同時從語用和認(rèn)知兩方面對其標(biāo)記性的成因進(jìn)行了剖析,最后完善了零話權(quán)的定義,為全文的研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 第三章,討論零話權(quán)的分類問題,分析了三種類型的零話權(quán)各自的語言表征及使用特點。 第一節(jié)確立了零話權(quán)的分類依據(jù),認(rèn)為零話權(quán)與完全話權(quán)、部分話權(quán)的根本性區(qū)別在于說話人所提供的話語信息有其他來源,所以信息來源應(yīng)該成為分類的重要依據(jù)。然后根據(jù)信息源的可信度及其和交際者的距離,將零話權(quán)分為兩大類、共三種情況：一是信息源在場,信息來自“交際中的一方”；二是信息源不在場,又分為信息來自“確定的第三方”和“不追究的第三方”兩種情況。分別描寫了每種類型的語言表征,分析了交際者對其進(jìn)行使用時的交際心理,并進(jìn)行了語料驗證。 第四章,探討語域?qū)α阍挋?quán)的影響。 本章從語域理論入手,將影響說話人實現(xiàn)零話權(quán)的因素確定為三種：交際話題、交際者之間的關(guān)系和交際目的。接著在訪談、課堂和法庭三類語域中將說話人對零話權(quán)的使用情況進(jìn)行了比對,分析了每種因素對說話人選擇零話權(quán)的影響。綜合各類因素,討論了訪談中的零話權(quán)的使用特點,論證了訪談是零話權(quán)發(fā)揮功能的優(yōu)勢語域。 第五章,結(jié)語,總結(jié)了本文的主要觀點及研究的不足。 本文聚焦于話語角色在交際中實現(xiàn)的話語權(quán),通過比對分析法和具體的語料證實了零話權(quán)概念的存在,豐富了對話語角色的研究。本研究的原創(chuàng)性在于：第一,指明了零話權(quán)的標(biāo)記性；第二,信息源的差異形成了零話權(quán)的三類功能各異的使用模式；第三,零話權(quán)的三類模式證明,零話權(quán)是重要的話語策略,而訪談是最能凸現(xiàn)零話權(quán)使用特色的優(yōu)勢語域。
[Abstract]:"Role" is a pragmatic analysis, especially an important term of discourse analysis, can carry out research from the relationship between communication participants and discourse information. In verbal communication, participants by taking charge of discourse information and the realization of the "Discourse", as the original source of the speaker that he is not borne by the discourse information. On the discourse information irresponsible is "Zrd." Zrd is a special phenomenon in the right words, pragmatics has important value in science, but did not receive particular attention and fully discussed in the previous research. Based on the television interview corpus as the analysis object, definition of Zrd marks, the original paper classification standards and other issues; discussed the implementation of zero if different types of rights, characteristics and applicable domain; clear Zrd is a marked words right The relationship between speaker and speaker is a special function of discourse strategy. At the same time, it is demonstrated that interview is a dominant register which can highlight the characteristics of zero voice.
This article is divided into five chapters, and the specific contents of each chapter are as follows:
The first chapter, the introduction, through the summary of the research object, introduced the value of the research, expounded the full text of the argument, and defined the corpus of the research.
According to the previous studies on discourse roles, first clear discourse responsibility is an important standard to distinguish discourse role. The speaker of different words right and because in communication take the different discourse responsibility, which is completely Zrd discourse does not assume responsibility for the situation, is a kind of special words right.
The second chapter, through comparison, demonstrates the Markedness of the right to zero words.
Through the review of markedness theory, put forward the realization of discourse roles in communication. The right relationship has marked difference. Based on the complete words right, right and then part of relevant elements of Zrd three words right for analysis and comparison, proposed Zrd is the most marked words right at the same time. From the two aspects of causes of pragmatic and cognitive Markedness on it are analyzed, finally improve the definition of Zrd, laid the foundation for the whole study.
In the third chapter, we discuss the classification of the right to zero, and analyze the linguistic representation and use characteristics of the three types of zero word rights.
The first section is established according to the classification of Zrd, think of Zrd and complete words right, the fundamental difference lies in the right part of word speaker provided there are other sources of discourse information, so the information sources should become an important basis for classification. Then according to the credibility of the source and the communicator and the distance will be zero if the right is divided into two categories, a total of three conditions: one is the information source of information from the presence of "one party"; the two is the source of information is not present, is divided into information from "certain third party" and "not to pursue the third party" two situations respectively describes the language representation. Each type of communication, for use on the psychological communication, and the data validation.
The fourth chapter discusses the influence of register on the right to zero.
This chapter from the register theory, the factors affecting the realization of speaker Zrd is determined as three kinds: Communication topic, the relationship between communication and communication purposes. Then in the interview, the use of class and class three will register the speaker on the court of Zrd has been compared and analyzed the influence of each factor on the speaker chooses Zrd. According to various factors, discussed the characteristics of zero words in interviews right, demonstrates that the interview is Zrd function advantage of register.
The fifth chapter, conclusion, summarizes the main points of this article and the lack of research.
In this paper, focusing on the role of discourse in communication discourse, through the comparison analysis method and specific data confirmed the concept of Zrd existence, enrich the study of discourse roles. The originality of this study lies in: first, mark indicates Zrd; second, different sources of information form three kinds of different functions of Zrd the usage patterns; proof of three kinds of mode third, zeroth words right, Zrd is important discourse strategy, while the interview is the most prominent feature of the right to the use of the advantages of zero word register.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H030

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本文編號：1580771