本文選題：心理形容詞　切入點(diǎn)：“奇怪”義類　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：心理形容詞的下位分類可以從語法上進(jìn)行分類,也可以從語義上進(jìn)行分類。本文主要是從語義出發(fā),對(duì)心理形容詞內(nèi)部的一個(gè)語義小類進(jìn)行了研究。我們選取了一組具有相同或相近語義成分的心理形容詞,稱為“奇怪"類心理形容詞�！捌婀帧鳖愋睦硇稳菰~在語義上都含有典型語義成分,即[-理解],從“刺激——反應(yīng)”理論來分析,就是說主體(人)在外界客體的刺激下,內(nèi)心產(chǎn)生了困惑不解的情緒。這一語義上的特點(diǎn),決定了“奇怪”類心理形容詞在句法上經(jīng)常和疑問詞“怎么”、“為什么”共現(xiàn)。這樣的用法有獨(dú)特的語用價(jià)值,它符合語言的經(jīng)濟(jì)性原則,不這樣表達(dá),可能會(huì)造成語言交際中表達(dá)和理解上的負(fù)擔(dān)。 為了更加詳細(xì)地對(duì)“奇怪”類心理形容詞進(jìn)行分析,本文前兩章在簡(jiǎn)要的理論概述之后,選取了典型成員“奇怪”來作個(gè)案分析,結(jié)合語料對(duì)“奇怪”進(jìn)行了歷時(shí)和共時(shí)的考察和描寫。然后,對(duì)比分析典型成員“奇怪”與非典型成員的異同,兩者的相同之處表現(xiàn)為：一是都可以用于使動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；二是在表示情緒變化狀態(tài)時(shí),都可以采用詞匯和語法兩種手段；三是其后帶賓語一般為小句原因賓語。不同之處在于,典型成員“奇怪”的句法表現(xiàn)更為多樣化；典型成員“奇怪”的用法正處于發(fā)展之中,兼有心理情緒形容詞和評(píng)說類形容詞的語法特點(diǎn)。 另外,“奇怪”類心理形容詞都具有一定的體意義,這種體意義沒有動(dòng)詞那么顯著。表達(dá)體意義的手段有詞匯和語法兩種,詞匯手段—般是借助“變得”、“越來越”、“正在”等詞語,語法手段是“奇怪”類心理形容詞和持續(xù)體標(biāo)記“著”、起始體標(biāo)記“起來”搭配使用,這種搭配與“奇怪”類心理形容詞的語義是相關(guān)的。最后,本文總結(jié)了心理形容詞語義小類研究的價(jià)值,可以為中文信息處理和對(duì)外漢語教學(xué)提供參考。
[Abstract]:The lower classification of psychological adjectives can be classified in grammar or semantically. This paper studies a semantic subclass within psychological adjectives. We select a group of psychological adjectives with the same or similar semantic components. It is called "strange" psychological adjective. "strange" psychological adjective contains typical semantic elements in semantics, namely [- understanding], which is analyzed from the theory of "stimulus-reaction", that is, subject (person) is stimulated by external object. This semantic feature determines that "strange" psychological adjectives are often syntactically associated with the interrogative words "how" and "why". This usage has unique pragmatic value. It conforms to the economic principle of language, otherwise it may cause the burden of expression and understanding in language communication. In order to analyze the psychological adjectives of "strange" in more detail, the first two chapters of this paper, after a brief theoretical overview, select the typical member "strange" as a case study. Combining with the corpus, this paper makes a diachronic and synchronic investigation and description of "strange". Then, the similarities and differences between typical members "strange" and "atypical" members are compared and analyzed. The similarities and differences between them are as follows: first, they can be used to make dynamic structures; The second is that both lexical and grammatical means can be used to express the state of emotional change, the third is that the object followed by the object is generally the object for the reason of the clause. The difference is that the syntactic expression of the typical member "strange" is more diversified; The usage of "strange" of typical members is developing, and it has the grammatical characteristics of psychological emotional adjectives and evaluative adjectives. In addition, psychological adjectives such as "strange" have a certain aspect meaning, which is not as significant as a verb. The means of expressing aspect meaning are lexical and grammatical. Lexical means-usually with the help of words such as "becoming", "getting more and more", "being", etc., grammatical means are "strange" psychological adjectives and persistent body markers "Zhe", "starting aspect" marks "come together", This collocation is related to the semantics of "strange" psychological adjectives. Finally, this paper summarizes the value of the study on the semantic subcategories of psychological adjectives, which can provide a reference for Chinese information processing and teaching Chinese as a foreign language.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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