本文關(guān)鍵詞： 獨體形近字 區(qū)別性特征 《漢語水平漢字等級大綱》　出處：《中國傳媒大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文對當代關(guān)于形近字研究的理論和成果進行考察和分析,總結(jié)出了形近字的確定標準、特征、分類及辨析形近字的一些方法。同時發(fā)現(xiàn),不論是在一般漢字教學還是對外漢字教學的研究中,對形近字的系統(tǒng)的具體的對比研究還是很少的。本文應(yīng)用了王寧先生在《漢字構(gòu)形學講座》中對漢字構(gòu)形方面的研究理論,主要研究獨體字,并從獨體字入手,再擴展到由獨體字作為部件構(gòu)成的合體字。因為,漢字中的獨體字相對于合體字來說數(shù)量并不多,但是構(gòu)字能力卻非常強,學生如果掌握了獨體字的形音義和構(gòu)字能力,就相當于抓住了理解漢字結(jié)構(gòu)和形音義的一把鑰匙,也就能夠盡快形成漢字字感。因此,本文致力于系統(tǒng)全面地、定性定量地來考察形近字,從《漢語水平詞匯與漢字等級大綱·漢字等級大綱》2905個漢字中提取獨體字255個,并根據(jù)本文對形近字的判定標準,抓住形近字字組的區(qū)別性特征,從筆畫、筆形、筆畫的組合方式和筆畫的位置四個方面歸納出獨體形近字字組123組,進而從形、音、造字法、構(gòu)字能力等方面對每個字進行描寫,并對典型字組從字源演變、字音字義、構(gòu)字能力和構(gòu)詞情況四個角度進行更為具體的分析與對比。由于獨體字構(gòu)字能力較強,所以,記住一組獨體形近字,就相當于記住一系列由其加相同部件構(gòu)成的多組合體形近字,這樣區(qū)分形近字的效率也就大大提高了。研究結(jié)果可以更好地作用于形近字教學及漢字教學(既適用于對外漢字教學,又同樣適用于本民族的漢字教學),使學生能夠更規(guī)范化地使用和書寫漢字,把字寫得準確(真)、合理(善)而好看(美),克服文字混亂和寫錯別字的現(xiàn)象。此外,研究結(jié)果不但有利于漢字的規(guī)范化,而且也適用于計算機對漢字信息的處理與應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:This paper makes an investigation and analysis of the theories and achievements of the contemporary research on the near character of form and summarizes the determination standard, characteristics, classification and some methods of differentiating the near character of the shape of the form. At the same time, it finds out. Whether in general Chinese character teaching or foreign Chinese character teaching research. In this paper, the author applies the theory of Chinese character configuration in the lecture of Chinese character configuration, mainly studies the single character, and starts with the single character. Because the number of characters in Chinese characters is relatively small, but the ability of construction is very strong. If the student grasps the form phonetic meaning and the construction ability of the single-type character, it is equivalent to grasp a key to understand the Chinese character structure and the shape phonetic meaning, also can form the Chinese character word feeling as soon as possible. Therefore, this article devotes to the system comprehensively. Qualitative and quantitative investigation of the shape of the near character, from the "Chinese level vocabulary and Chinese character grade outline 路Chinese character grade outline" 2905 characters extracted from the single character 255, and according to the text of the shape of the near character judgment criteria. By grasping the distinguishing characteristics of the form and character group, we conclude 123 groups of the single body form near the character group from the four aspects of stroke, stroke shape, stroke combination mode and stroke position, and then form, sound and character making method. It describes each word in terms of its ability to construct characters, and evolves the typical character groups from the source of the word and the meaning of the phonetic character. The ability of construction and word-formation are analyzed and compared more concretely. Because of the strong ability of single-type characters, we should remember a group of monomorphic characters. It is the same as memorizing a series of composite body shapes composed of the same parts. In this way, the efficiency of differentiating near and near characters can be greatly improved. The results of the research can be better used in the teaching of Chinese characters in the form and in the teaching of Chinese characters (both in the teaching of foreign Chinese characters and in the teaching of Chinese characters of their own nationalities). To enable students to use and write Chinese characters more standardized, to write accurately (true, reasonable (good) and good-looking) (beautiful, to overcome the confusion of writing and writing wrong characters). The results are not only beneficial to the standardization of Chinese characters, but also applicable to the processing and application of Chinese character information by computer.
【學位授予單位】：中國傳媒大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H12

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本文編號：1482169